https://www.celtic-languages.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=BeroidCeltic Languages - User contributions [en]2026-04-30T04:08:30ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.36.1https://www.celtic-languages.org/index.php?title=Ulster_Irish/D%C3%BAlra&diff=1413Ulster Irish/Dúlra2025-06-27T16:12:32Z<p>Beroid: </p>
<hr />
<div>(Jake Dalzell 27/06/25)<br />
<br />
Bhí mé i nGaeltacht Thír Chonaill ar feadh coicíse i mí an Mheithimh 2025. Seo cuid de na focla a chuala mé a bhaineas leis an dúlra, ainmhíthe, an iascaireacht, an talmhaíocht ⁊rl. Bíodh a fhios agad gur guta eadar [ɛ] agus [e] atá in [è].<br />
<br />
==== Aice ====<br />
<br />
Poll/eag i gcarraig is maith le gliomaigh agus crúbógaí.<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ak´ə], pl. [nə ˈhak´iə̆hə]<br />
<br />
==== Aicíd na bpréataí ====<br />
<br />
''Phytophthora infestans'' (Béarla ''potato blight'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ak´ɪ̈d̚´ nə b´rɛːti]<br />
<br />
==== Ain-bheathaigh ====<br />
<br />
Ainmhithe contúirteacha na farraige (searcannaí srl)<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ˈan´ˌv´ɛhi]<br />
<br />
==== Aiste ====<br />
<br />
Fonn léim ar iasc (Béarla ''condition where the fish want to jump into boat/net'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [aɕt´ə] Aiste a chur ar an iasc<br />
<br />
==== Baoite ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''fishing bait''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [bwɑitə]<br />
<br />
==== Beathach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''horse''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [b´èəx], ''ar a bheathach'' [ɛr ə ˈv´èəx]<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [b´ɛəh]<br />
<br />
Cf. Toraigh [b´aː]<ref name="Hamilton">Hamilton, J. N. (1974). ''A phonetic study of the Irish of Tory Island, Co. Donegal.'' Institute of Irish Studies, The Queen’s University of Belfast.<br />
</ref><br />
<br />
==== Breallach ====<br />
<br />
''Lutraria'' spp. (Béarla ''otter shell'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [b´r´aʟa], pl. [b´r´aʟi]<br />
<br />
==== Cahootchie? ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''fishing spinner''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [kaˈhut´ɕi]<br />
<br />
Tháinig seo as ainm branda de réir an chainteora.<br />
<br />
==== Cailleach ====<br />
<br />
1. Préataí beaga fágtha i ndiaidh an fhómhair<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [kaʟ´ahai]<br />
<br />
2. (Cailleach dhubh) ''Phalacrocorax carbo'' (Béarla ''Cormorant'')<br />
<br />
==== Cáitheadh na dtonn ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''sea spray''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [kæhu]<br />
<br />
Níl duifear fuaime eadar seo agus ''caitheadh''.<br />
<br />
==== Cál faiche ====<br />
<br />
''Urtica dioica'' (Béarla ''nettles'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ˌkɑˑl ˈfæˑj]<br />
<br />
==== Caora ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste gen. pl. [ɴə gᴇːrəx]<br />
<br />
An fhoirm ghinideach iolra thraidisiúnta le [ᴇː] – insa tuiseal ainmneach bíonn [ʉː] ann.<br />
<br />
==== Clár ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''flat plain (of the sea)''<br />
<br />
Toraigh “Tá an fharraige 'na chlár.”<br />
<br />
==== Cloch bheag doirnín ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [klɔʰ v´ɘg dɔrɴ´in´]<br />
<br />
==== Cnuasach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''foraging (on the shore)''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste gen. [d´ænu cruːsi] Bheadh na mná ag déanamh cnuasaigh.<br />
<br />
==== Coraíocht ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''(arable) cultivation''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [fi ˈxɔriaʰt] Bhí an talamh uilig faoi choraíocht.<br />
<br />
Cf. Oibrithe<br />
<br />
==== Corróg ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''hooks on a fishing line''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [kɔrɔgi]<br />
<br />
==== Creabhar ====<br />
<br />
Tabanidae (Béarla ''cleg, horsefly'')<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [k´r´awer], pl. [nə ˈk´r´awer´]<br />
<br />
==== Creimeadh isteach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Erosion, undercutting (of a cliff)''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [k´r´ɛm´u]<br />
<br />
==== Crúbóg ====<br />
<br />
''Cancer pagurus'' (Béarla ''Edible Crab)<br />
<br />
Cf. ''portán''. Bhí an duifear seo ag cainteoirí as Árainn Mhór agus Rann na Feirste.<br />
<br />
==== Deargóg ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Pollock''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [d´arəgɔg]<br />
<br />
==== Dorg ====<br />
<br />
Líne iascaireachta.<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [darəg]<br />
<br />
==== Dos ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''small tuft of grass''<br />
<br />
Toraigh [dʌs] “Ní fhásfadh dos ar bith ansin” (of a barren place)<br />
<br />
==== Dubhar? ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''ground bait (bait broadcast on water to attract fish)''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [duwər]? (cha chuala mé an ceann seo go soilléarach)<br />
<br />
==== Feabhar ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''weight on a fishing line''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [f´awər]<br />
<br />
==== Gaoth chothrom ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''even wind''<br />
<br />
Toraigh [gɯː ˈxɔr̥əm]<br />
<br />
==== Giobach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''choppy, rough (of the sea)''<br />
<br />
Toraigh [g´ʌbɑ]<br />
<br />
==== Glas binne ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''trapped below a cliff''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste: Tá caora faoi ghlas binne [fiː ɰʟɑs b´ɪ̈ɴ´ə] ''A sheep has gone down a cliff and is now trapped below it.''<br />
<br />
==== Glasán ====<br />
<br />
Tá an t-iasc seo cosúil leis an liúdar ach tá sé glas.<br />
<br />
==== Iomghaoth ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Sudden strong gust of wind''<br />
<br />
Toraigh pl. [ʌˈmiaha]<br />
<br />
Is suimiúil gurb ar an darna siolla atá an bhéim – seans gurb ag an chainteoir seo amháin atá sin nó seans gurb é an tuige sin dó gur comhfhocal atá ann (im- + gaoth). Dúirt an cainteoir gur focal atá ann “a bhí ag na seandaoiní”.<br />
<br />
==== Leathach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''wrack (seaweed)''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [L´èəx]<br />
<br />
Cf. Toraigh [ʟ´aː]<ref name="Hamilton"></ref> a ghní rím le trágha [trɑː] insan amhrán ''Beití Sailí Deain'':<br />
<blockquote><br />
''Nuair a théimse siar chun na trágha''<br />
<br />
''A chur amach bodóg agus leathach''<br />
</blockquote><br />
<br />
==== Liúdar ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Coalfish''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ʟ´uːdər]<br />
<br />
==== Mea Ghabhair? ====<br />
<br />
''Gallinago gallinago'' (Béarla ''Snipe'')<br />
<br />
an Spidéal [ˌm´æː ˈɣawer´]<br />
<br />
Tá a fhios agam nach Gaeilic Uladh atá ann ach chuala mé é nuair a bhí mé i dTír Chonaill so chuir mé anseo é.<br />
<br />
==== Mórtas farraige ====<br />
<br />
Farraige gharbh<br />
<br />
==== Murlas ====<br />
<br />
''Scomber scombrus'' (Béarla ''Mackerel'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [mʌrləs]<br />
<br />
I Rann na Feirste dúirt siad sa tseanam gur iasc “cáidheach” a bhí ann.<br />
<br />
==== Mushroom ====<br />
<br />
Toraigh [ˈmʌɕrumi ˈgɑːrl´ɔg´] mushroomaí gáirleoige<br />
<br />
==== Oibrithe ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''under (arable) cultivation''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ɪ̈b´r´ɪ̈ɕt´ə] Bhí an talamh uilig oibrithe.<br />
<br />
Cf. Coraíocht<br />
<br />
==== Portán ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Shore Crab''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [partan]<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [pɑrtan]<br />
<br />
Cf. ''crúbóg''. Bhí an duifear seo ag cainteoirí as Árainn Mhór agus Rann na Feirste.<br />
<br />
==== Reithe ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [raiçə]<br />
<br />
==== Ruacán ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''cockle''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [ruakan´]<br />
<br />
==== Ruball ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste gen. [rʌb´l´ə ~ rʌbl´ə]<br />
<br />
==== Saíán ====<br />
<br />
“Cosúil le deargógaí óga” ~4-8"<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [si.an´]<br />
<br />
==== Saotharcán ====<br />
<br />
''Vanellus vanellus'' (Béarla ''Lapwing'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [sᴇːrkan]<br />
<br />
Cf. Toraigh ''saotharcóg'' [sᴇːrkɔg].<ref name="Hamilton"></ref><br />
<br />
==== Scaineagán ====<br />
<br />
Clocha beaga thart fá 1.5cm – bíonn an t-iolra ann.<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [skanagan´]<br />
<br />
==== Sceartán ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''tick''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [ɕk´artan]<br />
<br />
==== Sceith ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''spawning (of herring)''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ɕk´e]<br />
<br />
Chóir-a-bheith gur [ɪ] a bhí sa ghuta.<br />
<br />
==== Scion mara ====<br />
<br />
Pharidae (Béarla ''razor clams'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [ˌɕg´ɪ̈n´ə ˈmɑrə]<br />
<br />
==== Sealgóg ====<br />
<br />
An píosa den iasc eadar ruball agus corp (Béarla ''caudal peduncle'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ɕaləgɑg]<br />
<br />
==== Slat saileoige ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''sally (willow) rod''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ˌslat ˈsɪ̈l´ɔg´ə]<br />
<br />
==== Sligeán ====<br />
<br />
“Rud ar bith a bhfuil blaosc air” (Béarla ''shellfish'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [ɕl´ɪ̈g´an´]<br />
<br />
==== Sligeán dubh ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''mussels''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [ɕl´ɪ̈gan´ ɣuʰ]<br />
<br />
==== Slugach ====<br />
<br />
''Arenicola marina'' (Béarla ''Lugworm'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [slʌgi]<br />
<br />
San áit a mbíonn slugach bíonn ''cnapán'' [krapan] ann agus poll ag n-a thaoibh [ˈpʌʟ ɪ̈gnə ˈhiːv´].<br />
<br />
==== Stacán ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''sea stack''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [stakan]<br />
<br />
==== Tréataí ====<br />
<br />
Línte in áit a mbeadh uisce ina rith ar chloich, ar éadaigh ⁊rl. Dá mbeadh sé ag cur fearthanna bheadh tréataí ar do chuid éadaigh.<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [t´r´eːti]<br />
<br />
==== Trosc ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [trɔ̜sk]<br />
<br />
= References =</div>Beroidhttps://www.celtic-languages.org/index.php?title=Ulster_Irish/D%C3%BAlra&diff=1412Ulster Irish/Dúlra2025-06-27T16:12:25Z<p>Beroid: </p>
<hr />
<div>(Jake Dalzell 27/06/25)<br />
Bhí mé i nGaeltacht Thír Chonaill ar feadh coicíse i mí an Mheithimh 2025. Seo cuid de na focla a chuala mé a bhaineas leis an dúlra, ainmhíthe, an iascaireacht, an talmhaíocht ⁊rl. Bíodh a fhios agad gur guta eadar [ɛ] agus [e] atá in [è].<br />
<br />
==== Aice ====<br />
<br />
Poll/eag i gcarraig is maith le gliomaigh agus crúbógaí.<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ak´ə], pl. [nə ˈhak´iə̆hə]<br />
<br />
==== Aicíd na bpréataí ====<br />
<br />
''Phytophthora infestans'' (Béarla ''potato blight'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ak´ɪ̈d̚´ nə b´rɛːti]<br />
<br />
==== Ain-bheathaigh ====<br />
<br />
Ainmhithe contúirteacha na farraige (searcannaí srl)<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ˈan´ˌv´ɛhi]<br />
<br />
==== Aiste ====<br />
<br />
Fonn léim ar iasc (Béarla ''condition where the fish want to jump into boat/net'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [aɕt´ə] Aiste a chur ar an iasc<br />
<br />
==== Baoite ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''fishing bait''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [bwɑitə]<br />
<br />
==== Beathach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''horse''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [b´èəx], ''ar a bheathach'' [ɛr ə ˈv´èəx]<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [b´ɛəh]<br />
<br />
Cf. Toraigh [b´aː]<ref name="Hamilton">Hamilton, J. N. (1974). ''A phonetic study of the Irish of Tory Island, Co. Donegal.'' Institute of Irish Studies, The Queen’s University of Belfast.<br />
</ref><br />
<br />
==== Breallach ====<br />
<br />
''Lutraria'' spp. (Béarla ''otter shell'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [b´r´aʟa], pl. [b´r´aʟi]<br />
<br />
==== Cahootchie? ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''fishing spinner''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [kaˈhut´ɕi]<br />
<br />
Tháinig seo as ainm branda de réir an chainteora.<br />
<br />
==== Cailleach ====<br />
<br />
1. Préataí beaga fágtha i ndiaidh an fhómhair<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [kaʟ´ahai]<br />
<br />
2. (Cailleach dhubh) ''Phalacrocorax carbo'' (Béarla ''Cormorant'')<br />
<br />
==== Cáitheadh na dtonn ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''sea spray''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [kæhu]<br />
<br />
Níl duifear fuaime eadar seo agus ''caitheadh''.<br />
<br />
==== Cál faiche ====<br />
<br />
''Urtica dioica'' (Béarla ''nettles'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ˌkɑˑl ˈfæˑj]<br />
<br />
==== Caora ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste gen. pl. [ɴə gᴇːrəx]<br />
<br />
An fhoirm ghinideach iolra thraidisiúnta le [ᴇː] – insa tuiseal ainmneach bíonn [ʉː] ann.<br />
<br />
==== Clár ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''flat plain (of the sea)''<br />
<br />
Toraigh “Tá an fharraige 'na chlár.”<br />
<br />
==== Cloch bheag doirnín ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [klɔʰ v´ɘg dɔrɴ´in´]<br />
<br />
==== Cnuasach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''foraging (on the shore)''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste gen. [d´ænu cruːsi] Bheadh na mná ag déanamh cnuasaigh.<br />
<br />
==== Coraíocht ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''(arable) cultivation''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [fi ˈxɔriaʰt] Bhí an talamh uilig faoi choraíocht.<br />
<br />
Cf. Oibrithe<br />
<br />
==== Corróg ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''hooks on a fishing line''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [kɔrɔgi]<br />
<br />
==== Creabhar ====<br />
<br />
Tabanidae (Béarla ''cleg, horsefly'')<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [k´r´awer], pl. [nə ˈk´r´awer´]<br />
<br />
==== Creimeadh isteach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Erosion, undercutting (of a cliff)''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [k´r´ɛm´u]<br />
<br />
==== Crúbóg ====<br />
<br />
''Cancer pagurus'' (Béarla ''Edible Crab)<br />
<br />
Cf. ''portán''. Bhí an duifear seo ag cainteoirí as Árainn Mhór agus Rann na Feirste.<br />
<br />
==== Deargóg ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Pollock''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [d´arəgɔg]<br />
<br />
==== Dorg ====<br />
<br />
Líne iascaireachta.<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [darəg]<br />
<br />
==== Dos ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''small tuft of grass''<br />
<br />
Toraigh [dʌs] “Ní fhásfadh dos ar bith ansin” (of a barren place)<br />
<br />
==== Dubhar? ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''ground bait (bait broadcast on water to attract fish)''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [duwər]? (cha chuala mé an ceann seo go soilléarach)<br />
<br />
==== Feabhar ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''weight on a fishing line''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [f´awər]<br />
<br />
==== Gaoth chothrom ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''even wind''<br />
<br />
Toraigh [gɯː ˈxɔr̥əm]<br />
<br />
==== Giobach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''choppy, rough (of the sea)''<br />
<br />
Toraigh [g´ʌbɑ]<br />
<br />
==== Glas binne ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''trapped below a cliff''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste: Tá caora faoi ghlas binne [fiː ɰʟɑs b´ɪ̈ɴ´ə] ''A sheep has gone down a cliff and is now trapped below it.''<br />
<br />
==== Glasán ====<br />
<br />
Tá an t-iasc seo cosúil leis an liúdar ach tá sé glas.<br />
<br />
==== Iomghaoth ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Sudden strong gust of wind''<br />
<br />
Toraigh pl. [ʌˈmiaha]<br />
<br />
Is suimiúil gurb ar an darna siolla atá an bhéim – seans gurb ag an chainteoir seo amháin atá sin nó seans gurb é an tuige sin dó gur comhfhocal atá ann (im- + gaoth). Dúirt an cainteoir gur focal atá ann “a bhí ag na seandaoiní”.<br />
<br />
==== Leathach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''wrack (seaweed)''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [L´èəx]<br />
<br />
Cf. Toraigh [ʟ´aː]<ref name="Hamilton"></ref> a ghní rím le trágha [trɑː] insan amhrán ''Beití Sailí Deain'':<br />
<blockquote><br />
''Nuair a théimse siar chun na trágha''<br />
<br />
''A chur amach bodóg agus leathach''<br />
</blockquote><br />
<br />
==== Liúdar ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Coalfish''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ʟ´uːdər]<br />
<br />
==== Mea Ghabhair? ====<br />
<br />
''Gallinago gallinago'' (Béarla ''Snipe'')<br />
<br />
an Spidéal [ˌm´æː ˈɣawer´]<br />
<br />
Tá a fhios agam nach Gaeilic Uladh atá ann ach chuala mé é nuair a bhí mé i dTír Chonaill so chuir mé anseo é.<br />
<br />
==== Mórtas farraige ====<br />
<br />
Farraige gharbh<br />
<br />
==== Murlas ====<br />
<br />
''Scomber scombrus'' (Béarla ''Mackerel'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [mʌrləs]<br />
<br />
I Rann na Feirste dúirt siad sa tseanam gur iasc “cáidheach” a bhí ann.<br />
<br />
==== Mushroom ====<br />
<br />
Toraigh [ˈmʌɕrumi ˈgɑːrl´ɔg´] mushroomaí gáirleoige<br />
<br />
==== Oibrithe ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''under (arable) cultivation''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ɪ̈b´r´ɪ̈ɕt´ə] Bhí an talamh uilig oibrithe.<br />
<br />
Cf. Coraíocht<br />
<br />
==== Portán ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Shore Crab''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [partan]<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [pɑrtan]<br />
<br />
Cf. ''crúbóg''. Bhí an duifear seo ag cainteoirí as Árainn Mhór agus Rann na Feirste.<br />
<br />
==== Reithe ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [raiçə]<br />
<br />
==== Ruacán ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''cockle''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [ruakan´]<br />
<br />
==== Ruball ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste gen. [rʌb´l´ə ~ rʌbl´ə]<br />
<br />
==== Saíán ====<br />
<br />
“Cosúil le deargógaí óga” ~4-8"<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [si.an´]<br />
<br />
==== Saotharcán ====<br />
<br />
''Vanellus vanellus'' (Béarla ''Lapwing'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [sᴇːrkan]<br />
<br />
Cf. Toraigh ''saotharcóg'' [sᴇːrkɔg].<ref name="Hamilton"></ref><br />
<br />
==== Scaineagán ====<br />
<br />
Clocha beaga thart fá 1.5cm – bíonn an t-iolra ann.<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [skanagan´]<br />
<br />
==== Sceartán ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''tick''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [ɕk´artan]<br />
<br />
==== Sceith ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''spawning (of herring)''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ɕk´e]<br />
<br />
Chóir-a-bheith gur [ɪ] a bhí sa ghuta.<br />
<br />
==== Scion mara ====<br />
<br />
Pharidae (Béarla ''razor clams'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [ˌɕg´ɪ̈n´ə ˈmɑrə]<br />
<br />
==== Sealgóg ====<br />
<br />
An píosa den iasc eadar ruball agus corp (Béarla ''caudal peduncle'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ɕaləgɑg]<br />
<br />
==== Slat saileoige ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''sally (willow) rod''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ˌslat ˈsɪ̈l´ɔg´ə]<br />
<br />
==== Sligeán ====<br />
<br />
“Rud ar bith a bhfuil blaosc air” (Béarla ''shellfish'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [ɕl´ɪ̈g´an´]<br />
<br />
==== Sligeán dubh ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''mussels''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [ɕl´ɪ̈gan´ ɣuʰ]<br />
<br />
==== Slugach ====<br />
<br />
''Arenicola marina'' (Béarla ''Lugworm'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [slʌgi]<br />
<br />
San áit a mbíonn slugach bíonn ''cnapán'' [krapan] ann agus poll ag n-a thaoibh [ˈpʌʟ ɪ̈gnə ˈhiːv´].<br />
<br />
==== Stacán ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''sea stack''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [stakan]<br />
<br />
==== Tréataí ====<br />
<br />
Línte in áit a mbeadh uisce ina rith ar chloich, ar éadaigh ⁊rl. Dá mbeadh sé ag cur fearthanna bheadh tréataí ar do chuid éadaigh.<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [t´r´eːti]<br />
<br />
==== Trosc ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [trɔ̜sk]<br />
<br />
= References =</div>Beroidhttps://www.celtic-languages.org/index.php?title=Ulster_Irish/D%C3%BAlra&diff=1411Ulster Irish/Dúlra2025-06-27T16:11:39Z<p>Beroid: </p>
<hr />
<div>Bhí mé i nGaeltacht Thír Chonaill ar feadh coicíse i mí an Mheithimh 2025. Seo cuid de na focla a chuala mé a bhaineas leis an dúlra, ainmhíthe, an iascaireacht, an talmhaíocht ⁊rl. Bíodh a fhios agad gur guta eadar [ɛ] agus [e] atá in [è].<br />
<br />
==== Aice ====<br />
<br />
Poll/eag i gcarraig is maith le gliomaigh agus crúbógaí.<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ak´ə], pl. [nə ˈhak´iə̆hə]<br />
<br />
==== Aicíd na bpréataí ====<br />
<br />
''Phytophthora infestans'' (Béarla ''potato blight'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ak´ɪ̈d̚´ nə b´rɛːti]<br />
<br />
==== Ain-bheathaigh ====<br />
<br />
Ainmhithe contúirteacha na farraige (searcannaí srl)<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ˈan´ˌv´ɛhi]<br />
<br />
==== Aiste ====<br />
<br />
Fonn léim ar iasc (Béarla ''condition where the fish want to jump into boat/net'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [aɕt´ə] Aiste a chur ar an iasc<br />
<br />
==== Baoite ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''fishing bait''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [bwɑitə]<br />
<br />
==== Beathach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''horse''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [b´èəx], ''ar a bheathach'' [ɛr ə ˈv´èəx]<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [b´ɛəh]<br />
<br />
Cf. Toraigh [b´aː]<ref name="Hamilton">Hamilton, J. N. (1974). ''A phonetic study of the Irish of Tory Island, Co. Donegal.'' Institute of Irish Studies, The Queen’s University of Belfast.<br />
</ref><br />
<br />
==== Breallach ====<br />
<br />
''Lutraria'' spp. (Béarla ''otter shell'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [b´r´aʟa], pl. [b´r´aʟi]<br />
<br />
==== Cahootchie? ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''fishing spinner''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [kaˈhut´ɕi]<br />
<br />
Tháinig seo as ainm branda de réir an chainteora.<br />
<br />
==== Cailleach ====<br />
<br />
1. Préataí beaga fágtha i ndiaidh an fhómhair<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [kaʟ´ahai]<br />
<br />
2. (Cailleach dhubh) ''Phalacrocorax carbo'' (Béarla ''Cormorant'')<br />
<br />
==== Cáitheadh na dtonn ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''sea spray''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [kæhu]<br />
<br />
Níl duifear fuaime eadar seo agus ''caitheadh''.<br />
<br />
==== Cál faiche ====<br />
<br />
''Urtica dioica'' (Béarla ''nettles'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ˌkɑˑl ˈfæˑj]<br />
<br />
==== Caora ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste gen. pl. [ɴə gᴇːrəx]<br />
<br />
An fhoirm ghinideach iolra thraidisiúnta le [ᴇː] – insa tuiseal ainmneach bíonn [ʉː] ann.<br />
<br />
==== Clár ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''flat plain (of the sea)''<br />
<br />
Toraigh “Tá an fharraige 'na chlár.”<br />
<br />
==== Cloch bheag doirnín ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [klɔʰ v´ɘg dɔrɴ´in´]<br />
<br />
==== Cnuasach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''foraging (on the shore)''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste gen. [d´ænu cruːsi] Bheadh na mná ag déanamh cnuasaigh.<br />
<br />
==== Coraíocht ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''(arable) cultivation''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [fi ˈxɔriaʰt] Bhí an talamh uilig faoi choraíocht.<br />
<br />
Cf. Oibrithe<br />
<br />
==== Corróg ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''hooks on a fishing line''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [kɔrɔgi]<br />
<br />
==== Creabhar ====<br />
<br />
Tabanidae (Béarla ''cleg, horsefly'')<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [k´r´awer], pl. [nə ˈk´r´awer´]<br />
<br />
==== Creimeadh isteach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Erosion, undercutting (of a cliff)''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [k´r´ɛm´u]<br />
<br />
==== Crúbóg ====<br />
<br />
''Cancer pagurus'' (Béarla ''Edible Crab)<br />
<br />
Cf. ''portán''. Bhí an duifear seo ag cainteoirí as Árainn Mhór agus Rann na Feirste.<br />
<br />
==== Deargóg ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Pollock''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [d´arəgɔg]<br />
<br />
==== Dorg ====<br />
<br />
Líne iascaireachta.<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [darəg]<br />
<br />
==== Dos ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''small tuft of grass''<br />
<br />
Toraigh [dʌs] “Ní fhásfadh dos ar bith ansin” (of a barren place)<br />
<br />
==== Dubhar? ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''ground bait (bait broadcast on water to attract fish)''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [duwər]? (cha chuala mé an ceann seo go soilléarach)<br />
<br />
==== Feabhar ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''weight on a fishing line''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [f´awər]<br />
<br />
==== Gaoth chothrom ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''even wind''<br />
<br />
Toraigh [gɯː ˈxɔr̥əm]<br />
<br />
==== Giobach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''choppy, rough (of the sea)''<br />
<br />
Toraigh [g´ʌbɑ]<br />
<br />
==== Glas binne ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''trapped below a cliff''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste: Tá caora faoi ghlas binne [fiː ɰʟɑs b´ɪ̈ɴ´ə] ''A sheep has gone down a cliff and is now trapped below it.''<br />
<br />
==== Glasán ====<br />
<br />
Tá an t-iasc seo cosúil leis an liúdar ach tá sé glas.<br />
<br />
==== Iomghaoth ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Sudden strong gust of wind''<br />
<br />
Toraigh pl. [ʌˈmiaha]<br />
<br />
Is suimiúil gurb ar an darna siolla atá an bhéim – seans gurb ag an chainteoir seo amháin atá sin nó seans gurb é an tuige sin dó gur comhfhocal atá ann (im- + gaoth). Dúirt an cainteoir gur focal atá ann “a bhí ag na seandaoiní”.<br />
<br />
==== Leathach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''wrack (seaweed)''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [L´èəx]<br />
<br />
Cf. Toraigh [ʟ´aː]<ref name="Hamilton"></ref> a ghní rím le trágha [trɑː] insan amhrán ''Beití Sailí Deain'':<br />
<blockquote><br />
''Nuair a théimse siar chun na trágha''<br />
<br />
''A chur amach bodóg agus leathach''<br />
</blockquote><br />
<br />
==== Liúdar ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Coalfish''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ʟ´uːdər]<br />
<br />
==== Mea Ghabhair? ====<br />
<br />
''Gallinago gallinago'' (Béarla ''Snipe'')<br />
<br />
an Spidéal [ˌm´æː ˈɣawer´]<br />
<br />
Tá a fhios agam nach Gaeilic Uladh atá ann ach chuala mé é nuair a bhí mé i dTír Chonaill so chuir mé anseo é.<br />
<br />
==== Mórtas farraige ====<br />
<br />
Farraige gharbh<br />
<br />
==== Murlas ====<br />
<br />
''Scomber scombrus'' (Béarla ''Mackerel'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [mʌrləs]<br />
<br />
I Rann na Feirste dúirt siad sa tseanam gur iasc “cáidheach” a bhí ann.<br />
<br />
==== Mushroom ====<br />
<br />
Toraigh [ˈmʌɕrumi ˈgɑːrl´ɔg´] mushroomaí gáirleoige<br />
<br />
==== Oibrithe ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''under (arable) cultivation''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ɪ̈b´r´ɪ̈ɕt´ə] Bhí an talamh uilig oibrithe.<br />
<br />
Cf. Coraíocht<br />
<br />
==== Portán ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Shore Crab''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [partan]<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [pɑrtan]<br />
<br />
Cf. ''crúbóg''. Bhí an duifear seo ag cainteoirí as Árainn Mhór agus Rann na Feirste.<br />
<br />
==== Reithe ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [raiçə]<br />
<br />
==== Ruacán ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''cockle''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [ruakan´]<br />
<br />
==== Ruball ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste gen. [rʌb´l´ə ~ rʌbl´ə]<br />
<br />
==== Saíán ====<br />
<br />
“Cosúil le deargógaí óga” ~4-8"<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [si.an´]<br />
<br />
==== Saotharcán ====<br />
<br />
''Vanellus vanellus'' (Béarla ''Lapwing'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [sᴇːrkan]<br />
<br />
Cf. Toraigh ''saotharcóg'' [sᴇːrkɔg].<ref name="Hamilton"></ref><br />
<br />
==== Scaineagán ====<br />
<br />
Clocha beaga thart fá 1.5cm – bíonn an t-iolra ann.<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [skanagan´]<br />
<br />
==== Sceartán ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''tick''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [ɕk´artan]<br />
<br />
==== Sceith ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''spawning (of herring)''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ɕk´e]<br />
<br />
Chóir-a-bheith gur [ɪ] a bhí sa ghuta.<br />
<br />
==== Scion mara ====<br />
<br />
Pharidae (Béarla ''razor clams'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [ˌɕg´ɪ̈n´ə ˈmɑrə]<br />
<br />
==== Sealgóg ====<br />
<br />
An píosa den iasc eadar ruball agus corp (Béarla ''caudal peduncle'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ɕaləgɑg]<br />
<br />
==== Slat saileoige ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''sally (willow) rod''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ˌslat ˈsɪ̈l´ɔg´ə]<br />
<br />
==== Sligeán ====<br />
<br />
“Rud ar bith a bhfuil blaosc air” (Béarla ''shellfish'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [ɕl´ɪ̈g´an´]<br />
<br />
==== Sligeán dubh ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''mussels''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [ɕl´ɪ̈gan´ ɣuʰ]<br />
<br />
==== Slugach ====<br />
<br />
''Arenicola marina'' (Béarla ''Lugworm'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [slʌgi]<br />
<br />
San áit a mbíonn slugach bíonn ''cnapán'' [krapan] ann agus poll ag n-a thaoibh [ˈpʌʟ ɪ̈gnə ˈhiːv´].<br />
<br />
==== Stacán ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''sea stack''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [stakan]<br />
<br />
==== Tréataí ====<br />
<br />
Línte in áit a mbeadh uisce ina rith ar chloich, ar éadaigh ⁊rl. Dá mbeadh sé ag cur fearthanna bheadh tréataí ar do chuid éadaigh.<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [t´r´eːti]<br />
<br />
==== Trosc ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [trɔ̜sk]<br />
<br />
= References =</div>Beroidhttps://www.celtic-languages.org/index.php?title=Ulster_Irish/D%C3%BAlra&diff=1410Ulster Irish/Dúlra2025-06-27T16:01:28Z<p>Beroid: /* Cahootchie? */</p>
<hr />
<div>I (Jake Dalzell) spent two weeks in the Donegal Gaeltacht in June 2025. Here are some words I heard that refer to the natural world, animals, fishing, farming etc. Note here [è] is a vowel between [ɛ] and [e].<br />
<br />
==== Aice ====<br />
<br />
Poll/eag i gcarraig is maith le gliomaigh agus crúbógaí.<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ak´ə], pl. [nə ˈhak´iə̆hə]<br />
<br />
==== Aicíd na bpréataí ====<br />
<br />
''Phytophthora infestans'' (Béarla ''potato blight'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ak´ɪ̈d̚´ nə b´rɛːti]<br />
<br />
==== Ain-bheathaigh ====<br />
<br />
Ainmhithe contúirteacha na farraige (searcannaí srl)<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ˈan´ˌv´ɛhi]<br />
<br />
==== Aiste ====<br />
<br />
Fonn léim ar iasc (Béarla ''condition where the fish want to jump into boat/net'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [aɕt´ə] Aiste a chur ar an iasc<br />
<br />
==== Baoite ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''fishing bait''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [bwɑitə]<br />
<br />
==== Beathach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''horse''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [b´èəx], ''ar a bheathach'' [ɛr ə ˈv´èəx]<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [b´ɛəh]<br />
<br />
Cf. Toraigh [b´aː]<ref name="Hamilton">Hamilton, J. N. (1974). ''A phonetic study of the Irish of Tory Island, Co. Donegal.'' Institute of Irish Studies, The Queen’s University of Belfast.<br />
</ref><br />
<br />
==== Breallach ====<br />
<br />
''Lutraria'' spp. (Béarla ''otter shell'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [b´r´aʟa], pl. [b´r´aʟi]<br />
<br />
==== Cahootchie? ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''fishing spinner''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [kaˈhut´ɕi]<br />
<br />
Tháinig seo as ainm branda de réir an chainteora.<br />
<br />
==== Cailleach ====<br />
<br />
1. Préataí beaga fágtha i ndiaidh an fhómhair<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [kaʟ´ahai]<br />
<br />
2. (Cailleach dhubh) ''Phalacrocorax carbo'' (Béarla ''Cormorant'')<br />
<br />
==== Cáitheadh na dtonn ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''sea spray''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [kæhu]<br />
<br />
Níl duifear fuaime eadar seo agus ''caitheadh''.<br />
<br />
==== Cál faiche ====<br />
<br />
''Urtica dioica'' (Béarla ''nettles'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ˌkɑˑl ˈfæˑj]<br />
<br />
==== Caora ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste gen. pl. [ɴə gᴇːrəx]<br />
<br />
An fhoirm ghinideach iolra thraidisiúnta le [ᴇː] – insa tuiseal ainmneach bíonn [ʉː] ann.<br />
<br />
==== Clár ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''flat plain (of the sea)''<br />
<br />
Toraigh “Tá an fharraige 'na chlár.”<br />
<br />
==== Cloch bheag doirnín ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [klɔʰ v´ɘg dɔrɴ´in´]<br />
<br />
==== Cnuasach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''foraging (on the shore)''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste gen. [d´ænu cruːsi] Bheadh na mná ag déanamh cnuasaigh.<br />
<br />
==== Coraíocht ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''(arable) cultivation''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [fi ˈxɔriaʰt] Bhí an talamh uilig faoi choraíocht.<br />
<br />
Cf. Oibrithe<br />
<br />
==== Corróg ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''hooks on a fishing line''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [kɔrɔgi]<br />
<br />
==== Creabhar ====<br />
<br />
Tabanidae (Béarla ''cleg, horsefly'')<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [k´r´awer], pl. [nə ˈk´r´awer´]<br />
<br />
==== Creimeadh isteach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Erosion, undercutting (of a cliff)''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [k´r´ɛm´u]<br />
<br />
==== Crúbóg ====<br />
<br />
''Cancer pagurus'' (Béarla ''Edible Crab)<br />
<br />
Cf. ''portán''. Bhí an duifear seo ag cainteoirí as Árainn Mhór agus Rann na Feirste.<br />
<br />
==== Deargóg ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Pollock''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [d´arəgɔg]<br />
<br />
==== Dorg ====<br />
<br />
Líne iascaireachta.<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [darəg]<br />
<br />
==== Dos ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''small tuft of grass''<br />
<br />
Toraigh [dʌs] “Ní fhásfadh dos ar bith ansin” (of a barren place)<br />
<br />
==== Feabhar ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''weight on a fishing line''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [f´awər]<br />
<br />
==== Gaoth chothrom ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''even wind''<br />
<br />
Toraigh [gɯː ˈxɔr̥əm]<br />
<br />
==== Giobach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''choppy, rough (of the sea)''<br />
<br />
Toraigh [g´ʌbɑ]<br />
<br />
==== Glas binne ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''trapped below a cliff''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste: Tá caora faoi ghlas binne [fiː ɰʟɑs b´ɪ̈ɴ´ə] ''A sheep has gone down a cliff and is now trapped below it.''<br />
<br />
==== Glasán ====<br />
<br />
Tá an t-iasc seo cosúil leis an liúdar ach tá sé glas.<br />
<br />
==== Iomghaoth ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Sudden strong gust of wind''<br />
<br />
Toraigh pl. [ʌˈmiaha]<br />
<br />
Is suimiúil gurb ar an darna siolla atá an bhéim – seans gurb ag an chainteoir seo amháin atá sin nó seans gurb é an tuige sin dó gur comhfhocal atá ann (im- + gaoth). Dúirt an cainteoir gur focal atá ann “a bhí ag na seandaoiní”.<br />
<br />
==== Leathach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''wrack (seaweed)''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [L´èəx]<br />
<br />
Cf. Toraigh [ʟ´aː]<ref name="Hamilton"></ref> a ghní rím le trágha [trɑː] insan amhrán ''Beití Sailí Deain'':<br />
<blockquote><br />
''Nuair a théimse siar chun na trágha''<br />
<br />
''A chur amach bodóg agus leathach''<br />
</blockquote><br />
<br />
==== Liúdar ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Coalfish''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ʟ´uːdər]<br />
<br />
==== Mea Ghabhair? ====<br />
<br />
''Gallinago gallinago'' (Béarla ''Snipe'')<br />
<br />
an Spidéal [ˌm´æː ˈɣawer´]<br />
<br />
Tá a fhios agam nach Gaeilic Uladh atá ann ach chuala mé é nuair a bhí mé i dTír Chonaill so chuir mé anseo é.<br />
<br />
==== Mórtas farraige ====<br />
<br />
Farraige gharbh<br />
<br />
==== Murlas ====<br />
<br />
''Scomber scombrus'' (Béarla ''Mackerel'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [mʌrləs]<br />
<br />
I Rann na Feirste dúirt siad sa tseanam gur iasc “cáidheach” a bhí ann.<br />
<br />
==== Mushroom ====<br />
<br />
Toraigh [ˈmʌɕrumi ˈgɑːrl´ɔg´] mushroomaí gáirleoige<br />
<br />
==== Oibrithe ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''under (arable) cultivation''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ɪ̈b´r´ɪ̈ɕt´ə] Bhí an talamh uilig oibrithe.<br />
<br />
Cf. Coraíocht<br />
<br />
==== Portán ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Shore Crab''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [partan]<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [pɑrtan]<br />
<br />
Cf. ''crúbóg''. Bhí an duifear seo ag cainteoirí as Árainn Mhór agus Rann na Feirste.<br />
<br />
==== Reithe ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [raiçə]<br />
<br />
==== Ruacán ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''cockle''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [ruakan´]<br />
<br />
==== Ruball ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste gen. [rʌb´l´ə ~ rʌbl´ə]<br />
<br />
==== Saíán ====<br />
<br />
“Cosúil le deargógaí óga” ~4-8"<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [si.an´]<br />
<br />
==== Saotharcán ====<br />
<br />
''Vanellus vanellus'' (Béarla ''Lapwing'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [sᴇːrkan]<br />
<br />
Cf. Toraigh ''saotharcóg'' [sᴇːrkɔg].<ref name="Hamilton"></ref><br />
<br />
==== Scaineagán ====<br />
<br />
Clocha beaga thart fá 1.5cm – bíonn an t-iolra ann.<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [skanagan´]<br />
<br />
==== Sceartán ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''tick''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [ɕk´artan]<br />
<br />
==== Sceith ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''spawning (of herring)''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ɕk´e]<br />
<br />
Chóir-a-bheith gur [ɪ] a bhí sa ghuta.<br />
<br />
==== Scion mara ====<br />
<br />
Pharidae (Béarla ''razor clams'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [ˌɕg´ɪ̈n´ə ˈmɑrə]<br />
<br />
==== Sealgóg ====<br />
<br />
An píosa den iasc eadar ruball agus corp (Béarla ''caudal peduncle'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ɕaləgɑg]<br />
<br />
==== Slat saileoige ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''sally (willow) rod''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ˌslat ˈsɪ̈l´ɔg´ə]<br />
<br />
==== Sligeán ====<br />
<br />
“Rud ar bith a bhfuil blaosc air” (Béarla ''shellfish'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [ɕl´ɪ̈g´an´]<br />
<br />
==== Sligeán dubh ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''mussels''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [ɕl´ɪ̈gan´ ɣuʰ]<br />
<br />
==== Slugach ====<br />
<br />
''Arenicola marina'' (Béarla ''Lugworm'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [slʌgi]<br />
<br />
San áit a mbíonn slugach bíonn ''cnapán'' [krapan] ann agus poll ag n-a thaoibh [ˈpʌʟ ɪ̈gnə ˈhiːv´].<br />
<br />
==== Stacán ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''sea stack''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [stakan]<br />
<br />
==== Tréataí ====<br />
<br />
Línte in áit a mbeadh uisce ina rith ar chloich, ar éadaigh ⁊rl. Dá mbeadh sé ag cur fearthanna bheadh tréataí ar do chuid éadaigh.<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [t´r´eːti]<br />
<br />
==== Trosc ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [trɔ̜sk]<br />
<br />
= References =</div>Beroidhttps://www.celtic-languages.org/index.php?title=Ulster_Irish/D%C3%BAlra&diff=1409Ulster Irish/Dúlra2025-06-27T16:01:03Z<p>Beroid: </p>
<hr />
<div>I (Jake Dalzell) spent two weeks in the Donegal Gaeltacht in June 2025. Here are some words I heard that refer to the natural world, animals, fishing, farming etc. Note here [è] is a vowel between [ɛ] and [e].<br />
<br />
==== Aice ====<br />
<br />
Poll/eag i gcarraig is maith le gliomaigh agus crúbógaí.<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ak´ə], pl. [nə ˈhak´iə̆hə]<br />
<br />
==== Aicíd na bpréataí ====<br />
<br />
''Phytophthora infestans'' (Béarla ''potato blight'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ak´ɪ̈d̚´ nə b´rɛːti]<br />
<br />
==== Ain-bheathaigh ====<br />
<br />
Ainmhithe contúirteacha na farraige (searcannaí srl)<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ˈan´ˌv´ɛhi]<br />
<br />
==== Aiste ====<br />
<br />
Fonn léim ar iasc (Béarla ''condition where the fish want to jump into boat/net'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [aɕt´ə] Aiste a chur ar an iasc<br />
<br />
==== Baoite ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''fishing bait''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [bwɑitə]<br />
<br />
==== Beathach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''horse''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [b´èəx], ''ar a bheathach'' [ɛr ə ˈv´èəx]<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [b´ɛəh]<br />
<br />
Cf. Toraigh [b´aː]<ref name="Hamilton">Hamilton, J. N. (1974). ''A phonetic study of the Irish of Tory Island, Co. Donegal.'' Institute of Irish Studies, The Queen’s University of Belfast.<br />
</ref><br />
<br />
==== Breallach ====<br />
<br />
''Lutraria'' spp. (Béarla ''otter shell'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [b´r´aʟa], pl. [b´r´aʟi]<br />
<br />
==== Cahootchie? ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''fishing spinner''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ka´hut´ɕi]<br />
<br />
Tháinig seo as ainm branda de réir an chainteora.<br />
<br />
==== Cailleach ====<br />
<br />
1. Préataí beaga fágtha i ndiaidh an fhómhair<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [kaʟ´ahai]<br />
<br />
2. (Cailleach dhubh) ''Phalacrocorax carbo'' (Béarla ''Cormorant'')<br />
<br />
==== Cáitheadh na dtonn ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''sea spray''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [kæhu]<br />
<br />
Níl duifear fuaime eadar seo agus ''caitheadh''.<br />
<br />
==== Cál faiche ====<br />
<br />
''Urtica dioica'' (Béarla ''nettles'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ˌkɑˑl ˈfæˑj]<br />
<br />
==== Caora ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste gen. pl. [ɴə gᴇːrəx]<br />
<br />
An fhoirm ghinideach iolra thraidisiúnta le [ᴇː] – insa tuiseal ainmneach bíonn [ʉː] ann.<br />
<br />
==== Clár ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''flat plain (of the sea)''<br />
<br />
Toraigh “Tá an fharraige 'na chlár.”<br />
<br />
==== Cloch bheag doirnín ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [klɔʰ v´ɘg dɔrɴ´in´]<br />
<br />
==== Cnuasach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''foraging (on the shore)''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste gen. [d´ænu cruːsi] Bheadh na mná ag déanamh cnuasaigh.<br />
<br />
==== Coraíocht ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''(arable) cultivation''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [fi ˈxɔriaʰt] Bhí an talamh uilig faoi choraíocht.<br />
<br />
Cf. Oibrithe<br />
<br />
==== Corróg ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''hooks on a fishing line''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [kɔrɔgi]<br />
<br />
==== Creabhar ====<br />
<br />
Tabanidae (Béarla ''cleg, horsefly'')<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [k´r´awer], pl. [nə ˈk´r´awer´]<br />
<br />
==== Creimeadh isteach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Erosion, undercutting (of a cliff)''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [k´r´ɛm´u]<br />
<br />
==== Crúbóg ====<br />
<br />
''Cancer pagurus'' (Béarla ''Edible Crab)<br />
<br />
Cf. ''portán''. Bhí an duifear seo ag cainteoirí as Árainn Mhór agus Rann na Feirste.<br />
<br />
==== Deargóg ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Pollock''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [d´arəgɔg]<br />
<br />
==== Dorg ====<br />
<br />
Líne iascaireachta.<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [darəg]<br />
<br />
==== Dos ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''small tuft of grass''<br />
<br />
Toraigh [dʌs] “Ní fhásfadh dos ar bith ansin” (of a barren place)<br />
<br />
==== Feabhar ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''weight on a fishing line''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [f´awər]<br />
<br />
==== Gaoth chothrom ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''even wind''<br />
<br />
Toraigh [gɯː ˈxɔr̥əm]<br />
<br />
==== Giobach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''choppy, rough (of the sea)''<br />
<br />
Toraigh [g´ʌbɑ]<br />
<br />
==== Glas binne ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''trapped below a cliff''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste: Tá caora faoi ghlas binne [fiː ɰʟɑs b´ɪ̈ɴ´ə] ''A sheep has gone down a cliff and is now trapped below it.''<br />
<br />
==== Glasán ====<br />
<br />
Tá an t-iasc seo cosúil leis an liúdar ach tá sé glas.<br />
<br />
==== Iomghaoth ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Sudden strong gust of wind''<br />
<br />
Toraigh pl. [ʌˈmiaha]<br />
<br />
Is suimiúil gurb ar an darna siolla atá an bhéim – seans gurb ag an chainteoir seo amháin atá sin nó seans gurb é an tuige sin dó gur comhfhocal atá ann (im- + gaoth). Dúirt an cainteoir gur focal atá ann “a bhí ag na seandaoiní”.<br />
<br />
==== Leathach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''wrack (seaweed)''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [L´èəx]<br />
<br />
Cf. Toraigh [ʟ´aː]<ref name="Hamilton"></ref> a ghní rím le trágha [trɑː] insan amhrán ''Beití Sailí Deain'':<br />
<blockquote><br />
''Nuair a théimse siar chun na trágha''<br />
<br />
''A chur amach bodóg agus leathach''<br />
</blockquote><br />
<br />
==== Liúdar ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Coalfish''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ʟ´uːdər]<br />
<br />
==== Mea Ghabhair? ====<br />
<br />
''Gallinago gallinago'' (Béarla ''Snipe'')<br />
<br />
an Spidéal [ˌm´æː ˈɣawer´]<br />
<br />
Tá a fhios agam nach Gaeilic Uladh atá ann ach chuala mé é nuair a bhí mé i dTír Chonaill so chuir mé anseo é.<br />
<br />
==== Mórtas farraige ====<br />
<br />
Farraige gharbh<br />
<br />
==== Murlas ====<br />
<br />
''Scomber scombrus'' (Béarla ''Mackerel'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [mʌrləs]<br />
<br />
I Rann na Feirste dúirt siad sa tseanam gur iasc “cáidheach” a bhí ann.<br />
<br />
==== Mushroom ====<br />
<br />
Toraigh [ˈmʌɕrumi ˈgɑːrl´ɔg´] mushroomaí gáirleoige<br />
<br />
==== Oibrithe ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''under (arable) cultivation''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ɪ̈b´r´ɪ̈ɕt´ə] Bhí an talamh uilig oibrithe.<br />
<br />
Cf. Coraíocht<br />
<br />
==== Portán ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Shore Crab''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [partan]<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [pɑrtan]<br />
<br />
Cf. ''crúbóg''. Bhí an duifear seo ag cainteoirí as Árainn Mhór agus Rann na Feirste.<br />
<br />
==== Reithe ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [raiçə]<br />
<br />
==== Ruacán ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''cockle''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [ruakan´]<br />
<br />
==== Ruball ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste gen. [rʌb´l´ə ~ rʌbl´ə]<br />
<br />
==== Saíán ====<br />
<br />
“Cosúil le deargógaí óga” ~4-8"<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [si.an´]<br />
<br />
==== Saotharcán ====<br />
<br />
''Vanellus vanellus'' (Béarla ''Lapwing'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [sᴇːrkan]<br />
<br />
Cf. Toraigh ''saotharcóg'' [sᴇːrkɔg].<ref name="Hamilton"></ref><br />
<br />
==== Scaineagán ====<br />
<br />
Clocha beaga thart fá 1.5cm – bíonn an t-iolra ann.<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [skanagan´]<br />
<br />
==== Sceartán ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''tick''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [ɕk´artan]<br />
<br />
==== Sceith ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''spawning (of herring)''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ɕk´e]<br />
<br />
Chóir-a-bheith gur [ɪ] a bhí sa ghuta.<br />
<br />
==== Scion mara ====<br />
<br />
Pharidae (Béarla ''razor clams'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [ˌɕg´ɪ̈n´ə ˈmɑrə]<br />
<br />
==== Sealgóg ====<br />
<br />
An píosa den iasc eadar ruball agus corp (Béarla ''caudal peduncle'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ɕaləgɑg]<br />
<br />
==== Slat saileoige ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''sally (willow) rod''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ˌslat ˈsɪ̈l´ɔg´ə]<br />
<br />
==== Sligeán ====<br />
<br />
“Rud ar bith a bhfuil blaosc air” (Béarla ''shellfish'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [ɕl´ɪ̈g´an´]<br />
<br />
==== Sligeán dubh ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''mussels''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [ɕl´ɪ̈gan´ ɣuʰ]<br />
<br />
==== Slugach ====<br />
<br />
''Arenicola marina'' (Béarla ''Lugworm'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [slʌgi]<br />
<br />
San áit a mbíonn slugach bíonn ''cnapán'' [krapan] ann agus poll ag n-a thaoibh [ˈpʌʟ ɪ̈gnə ˈhiːv´].<br />
<br />
==== Stacán ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''sea stack''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [stakan]<br />
<br />
==== Tréataí ====<br />
<br />
Línte in áit a mbeadh uisce ina rith ar chloich, ar éadaigh ⁊rl. Dá mbeadh sé ag cur fearthanna bheadh tréataí ar do chuid éadaigh.<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [t´r´eːti]<br />
<br />
==== Trosc ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [trɔ̜sk]<br />
<br />
= References =</div>Beroidhttps://www.celtic-languages.org/index.php?title=Ulster_Irish/D%C3%BAlra&diff=1408Ulster Irish/Dúlra2025-06-27T14:47:44Z<p>Beroid: /* Feabhar */</p>
<hr />
<div>I (Jake Dalzell) spent two weeks in the Donegal Gaeltacht in June 2025. Here are some words I heard that refer to the natural world, animals, fishing, farming etc. Note here [è] is a vowel between [ɛ] and [e].<br />
<br />
==== Aice ====<br />
<br />
Poll/eag i gcarraig is maith le gliomaigh agus crúbógaí.<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ak´ə], pl. [nə ˈhak´iə̆hə]<br />
<br />
==== Aicíd na bpréataí ====<br />
<br />
''Phytophthora infestans'' (Béarla ''potato blight'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ak´ɪ̈d̚´ nə b´rɛːti]<br />
<br />
==== Ain-bheathaigh ====<br />
<br />
Ainmhithe contúirteacha na farraige (searcannaí srl)<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ˈan´ˌv´ɛhi]<br />
<br />
==== Aiste ====<br />
<br />
Fonn léim ar iasc (Béarla ''condition where the fish want to jump into boat/net'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [aɕt´ə] Aiste a chur ar an iasc<br />
<br />
==== Baoite ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''fishing bait''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [bwɑitə]<br />
<br />
==== Beathach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''horse''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [b´èəx], ''ar a bheathach'' [ɛr ə ˈv´èəx]<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [b´ɛəh]<br />
<br />
Cf. Toraigh [b´aː]<ref name="Hamilton"></ref>.<br />
<br />
==== Breallach ====<br />
<br />
''Lutraria'' spp. (Béarla ''otter shell'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [b´r´aʟa], pl. [b´r´aʟi]<br />
<br />
==== Cahootchie? ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''fishing spinner''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ka´hut´ɕi]<br />
<br />
Tháinig seo as ainm branda de réir an chainteora.<br />
<br />
==== Cailleach ====<br />
<br />
1. Préataí beaga fágtha i ndiaidh an fhómhair<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [kaʟ´ahai]<br />
<br />
2. (Cailleach dhubh) ''Phalacrocorax carbo'' (Béarla ''Cormorant'')<br />
<br />
==== Cáitheadh na dtonn ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''sea spray''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [kæhu]<br />
<br />
Níl duifear fuaime eadar seo agus ''caitheadh''.<br />
<br />
==== Cál faiche ====<br />
<br />
''Urtica dioica'' (Béarla ''nettles'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ˌkɑˑl ˈfæˑj]<br />
<br />
==== Caora ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste gen. pl. [ɴə gᴇːrəx]<br />
<br />
An fhoirm ghinideach iolra thraidisiúnta le [ᴇː] – insa tuiseal ainmneach bíonn [ʉː] ann.<br />
<br />
==== Clár ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''flat plain (of the sea)''<br />
<br />
Toraigh “Tá an fharraige 'na chlár.”<br />
<br />
==== Cloch bheag doirnín ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [klɔʰ v´ɘg dɔrɴ´in´]<br />
<br />
==== Cnuasach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''foraging (on the shore)''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste gen. [d´ænu cruːsi] Bheadh na mná ag déanamh cnuasaigh.<br />
<br />
==== Coraíocht ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''(arable) cultivation''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [fi ˈxɔriaʰt] Bhí an talamh uilig faoi choraíocht.<br />
<br />
Cf. Oibrithe<br />
<br />
==== Corróg ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''hooks on a fishing line''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [kɔrɔgi]<br />
<br />
==== Creabhar ====<br />
<br />
Tabanidae (Béarla ''cleg, horsefly'')<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [k´r´awer], pl. [nə ˈk´r´awer´]<br />
<br />
==== Creimeadh isteach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Erosion, undercutting (of a cliff)''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [k´r´ɛm´u]<br />
<br />
==== Crúbóg ====<br />
<br />
''Cancer pagurus'' (Béarla ''Edible Crab)<br />
<br />
Cf. ''portán''. Bhí an duifear seo ag cainteoirí as Árainn Mhór agus Rann na Feirste.<br />
<br />
==== Deargóg ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Pollock''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [d´arəgɔg]<br />
<br />
==== Dorg ====<br />
<br />
Líne iascaireachta.<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [darəg]<br />
<br />
==== Dos ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''small tuft of grass''<br />
<br />
Toraigh [dʌs] “Ní fhásfadh dos ar bith ansin” (of a barren place)<br />
<br />
==== Feabhar ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''weight on a fishing line''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [f´awər]<br />
<br />
==== Gaoth chothrom ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''even wind''<br />
<br />
Toraigh [gɯː ˈxɔr̥əm]<br />
<br />
==== Giobach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''choppy, rough (of the sea)''<br />
<br />
Toraigh [g´ʌbɑ]<br />
<br />
==== Glas binne ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''trapped below a cliff''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste: Tá caora faoi ghlas binne [fiː ɰʟɑs b´ɪ̈ɴ´ə] ''A sheep has gone down a cliff and is now trapped below it.''<br />
<br />
==== Glasán ====<br />
<br />
Tá an t-iasc seo cosúil leis an liúdar ach tá sé glas.<br />
<br />
==== Iomghaoth ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Sudden strong gust of wind''<br />
<br />
Toraigh pl. [ʌˈmiaha]<br />
<br />
Is suimiúil gurb ar an darna siolla atá an bhéim – seans gurb ag an chainteoir seo amháin atá sin nó seans gurb é an tuige sin dó gur comhfhocal atá ann (im- + gaoth). Dúirt an cainteoir gur focal atá ann “a bhí ag na seandaoiní”.<br />
<br />
==== Leathach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''wrack (seaweed)''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [L´èəx]<br />
<br />
Cf. Toraigh [ʟ´aː]<ref name="Hamilton"></ref> a ghní rím le trágha [trɑː] insan amhrán ''Beití Sailí Deain'':<br />
<blockquote><br />
''Nuair a théimse siar chun na trágha''<br />
<br />
''A chur amach bodóg agus leathach''<br />
</blockquote><br />
<br />
==== Liúdar ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Coalfish''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ʟ´uːdər]<br />
<br />
==== Mea Ghabhair? ====<br />
<br />
''Gallinago gallinago'' (Béarla ''Snipe'')<br />
<br />
an Spidéal [ˌm´æː ˈɣawer´]<br />
<br />
Tá a fhios agam nach Gaeilic Uladh atá ann ach chuala mé é nuair a bhí mé i dTír Chonaill so chuir mé anseo é.<br />
<br />
==== Mórtas farraige ====<br />
<br />
Farraige gharbh<br />
<br />
==== Murlas ====<br />
<br />
''Scomber scombrus'' (Béarla ''Mackerel'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [mʌrləs]<br />
<br />
I Rann na Feirste dúirt siad sa tseanam gur iasc “cáidheach” a bhí ann.<br />
<br />
==== Mushroom ====<br />
<br />
Toraigh [ˈmʌɕrumi ˈgɑːrl´ɔg´] mushroomaí gáirleoige<br />
<br />
==== Oibrithe ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''under (arable) cultivation''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ɪ̈b´r´ɪ̈ɕt´ə] Bhí an talamh uilig oibrithe.<br />
<br />
Cf. Coraíocht<br />
<br />
==== Portán ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Shore Crab''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [partan]<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [pɑrtan]<br />
<br />
Cf. ''crúbóg''. Bhí an duifear seo ag cainteoirí as Árainn Mhór agus Rann na Feirste.<br />
<br />
==== Reithe ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [raiçə]<br />
<br />
==== Ruacán ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''cockle''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [ruakan´]<br />
<br />
==== Ruball ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste gen. [rʌb´l´ə ~ rʌbl´ə]<br />
<br />
==== Saíán ====<br />
<br />
“Cosúil le deargógaí óga” ~4-8"<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [si.an´]<br />
<br />
==== Saotharcán ====<br />
<br />
''Vanellus vanellus'' (Béarla ''Lapwing'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [sᴇːrkan]<br />
<br />
Cf. Toraigh ''saotharcóg'' [sᴇːrkɔg].<ref name="Hamilton"></ref><br />
<br />
==== Scaineagán ====<br />
<br />
Clocha beaga thart fá 1.5cm – bíonn an t-iolra ann.<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [skanagan´]<br />
<br />
==== Sceartán ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''tick''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [ɕk´artan]<br />
<br />
==== Sceith ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''spawning (of herring)''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ɕk´e]<br />
<br />
Chóir-a-bheith gur [ɪ] a bhí sa ghuta.<br />
<br />
==== Scion mara ====<br />
<br />
Pharidae (Béarla ''razor clams'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [ˌɕg´ɪ̈n´ə ˈmɑrə]<br />
<br />
==== Sealgóg ====<br />
<br />
An píosa den iasc eadar ruball agus corp (Béarla ''caudal peduncle'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ɕaləgɑg]<br />
<br />
==== Slat saileoige ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''sally (willow) rod''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ˌslat ˈsɪ̈l´ɔg´ə]<br />
<br />
==== Sligeán ====<br />
<br />
“Rud ar bith a bhfuil blaosc air” (Béarla ''shellfish'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [ɕl´ɪ̈g´an´]<br />
<br />
==== Sligeán dubh ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''mussels''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [ɕl´ɪ̈gan´ ɣuʰ]<br />
<br />
==== Slugach ====<br />
<br />
''Arenicola marina'' (Béarla ''Lugworm'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [slʌgi]<br />
<br />
San áit a mbíonn slugach bíonn ''cnapán'' [krapan] ann agus poll ag n-a thaoibh [ˈpʌʟ ɪ̈gnə ˈhiːv´].<br />
<br />
==== Stacán ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''sea stack''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [stakan]<br />
<br />
==== Tréataí ====<br />
<br />
Línte in áit a mbeadh uisce ina rith ar chloich, ar éadaigh ⁊rl. Dá mbeadh sé ag cur fearthanna bheadh tréataí ar do chuid éadaigh.<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [t´r´eːti]<br />
<br />
==== Trosc ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [trɔ̜sk]<br />
<br />
= References =<br />
<ref name="Hamilton">Hamilton, J. N. (1974). ''A phonetic study of the Irish of Tory Island, Co. Donegal.'' Institute of Irish Studies, The Queen’s University of Belfast.<br />
</ref></div>Beroidhttps://www.celtic-languages.org/index.php?title=Ulster_Irish/D%C3%BAlra&diff=1407Ulster Irish/Dúlra2025-06-27T14:45:49Z<p>Beroid: </p>
<hr />
<div>I (Jake Dalzell) spent two weeks in the Donegal Gaeltacht in June 2025. Here are some words I heard that refer to the natural world, animals, fishing, farming etc. Note here [è] is a vowel between [ɛ] and [e].<br />
<br />
==== Aice ====<br />
<br />
Poll/eag i gcarraig is maith le gliomaigh agus crúbógaí.<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ak´ə], pl. [nə ˈhak´iə̆hə]<br />
<br />
==== Aicíd na bpréataí ====<br />
<br />
''Phytophthora infestans'' (Béarla ''potato blight'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ak´ɪ̈d̚´ nə b´rɛːti]<br />
<br />
==== Ain-bheathaigh ====<br />
<br />
Ainmhithe contúirteacha na farraige (searcannaí srl)<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ˈan´ˌv´ɛhi]<br />
<br />
==== Aiste ====<br />
<br />
Fonn léim ar iasc (Béarla ''condition where the fish want to jump into boat/net'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [aɕt´ə] Aiste a chur ar an iasc<br />
<br />
==== Baoite ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''fishing bait''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [bwɑitə]<br />
<br />
==== Beathach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''horse''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [b´èəx], ''ar a bheathach'' [ɛr ə ˈv´èəx]<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [b´ɛəh]<br />
<br />
Cf. Toraigh [b´aː]<ref name="Hamilton"></ref>.<br />
<br />
==== Breallach ====<br />
<br />
''Lutraria'' spp. (Béarla ''otter shell'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [b´r´aʟa], pl. [b´r´aʟi]<br />
<br />
==== Cahootchie? ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''fishing spinner''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ka´hut´ɕi]<br />
<br />
Tháinig seo as ainm branda de réir an chainteora.<br />
<br />
==== Cailleach ====<br />
<br />
1. Préataí beaga fágtha i ndiaidh an fhómhair<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [kaʟ´ahai]<br />
<br />
2. (Cailleach dhubh) ''Phalacrocorax carbo'' (Béarla ''Cormorant'')<br />
<br />
==== Cáitheadh na dtonn ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''sea spray''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [kæhu]<br />
<br />
Níl duifear fuaime eadar seo agus ''caitheadh''.<br />
<br />
==== Cál faiche ====<br />
<br />
''Urtica dioica'' (Béarla ''nettles'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ˌkɑˑl ˈfæˑj]<br />
<br />
==== Caora ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste gen. pl. [ɴə gᴇːrəx]<br />
<br />
An fhoirm ghinideach iolra thraidisiúnta le [ᴇː] – insa tuiseal ainmneach bíonn [ʉː] ann.<br />
<br />
==== Clár ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''flat plain (of the sea)''<br />
<br />
Toraigh “Tá an fharraige 'na chlár.”<br />
<br />
==== Cloch bheag doirnín ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [klɔʰ v´ɘg dɔrɴ´in´]<br />
<br />
==== Cnuasach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''foraging (on the shore)''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste gen. [d´ænu cruːsi] Bheadh na mná ag déanamh cnuasaigh.<br />
<br />
==== Coraíocht ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''(arable) cultivation''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [fi ˈxɔriaʰt] Bhí an talamh uilig faoi choraíocht.<br />
<br />
Cf. Oibrithe<br />
<br />
==== Corróg ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''hooks on a fishing line''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [kɔrɔgi]<br />
<br />
==== Creabhar ====<br />
<br />
Tabanidae (Béarla ''cleg, horsefly'')<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [k´r´awer], pl. [nə ˈk´r´awer´]<br />
<br />
==== Creimeadh isteach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Erosion, undercutting (of a cliff)''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [k´r´ɛm´u]<br />
<br />
==== Crúbóg ====<br />
<br />
''Cancer pagurus'' (Béarla ''Edible Crab)<br />
<br />
Cf. ''portán''. Bhí an duifear seo ag cainteoirí as Árainn Mhór agus Rann na Feirste.<br />
<br />
==== Deargóg ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Pollock''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [d´arəgɔg]<br />
<br />
==== Dorg ====<br />
<br />
Líne iascaireachta.<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [darəg]<br />
<br />
==== Dos ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''small tuft of grass''<br />
<br />
Toraigh [dʌs] “Ní fhásfadh dos ar bith ansin” (of a barren place)<br />
<br />
==== Feabhar ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''weight on a fishing line''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [fawər]<br />
<br />
==== Gaoth chothrom ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''even wind''<br />
<br />
Toraigh [gɯː ˈxɔr̥əm]<br />
<br />
==== Giobach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''choppy, rough (of the sea)''<br />
<br />
Toraigh [g´ʌbɑ]<br />
<br />
==== Glas binne ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''trapped below a cliff''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste: Tá caora faoi ghlas binne [fiː ɰʟɑs b´ɪ̈ɴ´ə] ''A sheep has gone down a cliff and is now trapped below it.''<br />
<br />
==== Glasán ====<br />
<br />
Tá an t-iasc seo cosúil leis an liúdar ach tá sé glas.<br />
<br />
==== Iomghaoth ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Sudden strong gust of wind''<br />
<br />
Toraigh pl. [ʌˈmiaha]<br />
<br />
Is suimiúil gurb ar an darna siolla atá an bhéim – seans gurb ag an chainteoir seo amháin atá sin nó seans gurb é an tuige sin dó gur comhfhocal atá ann (im- + gaoth). Dúirt an cainteoir gur focal atá ann “a bhí ag na seandaoiní”.<br />
<br />
==== Leathach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''wrack (seaweed)''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [L´èəx]<br />
<br />
Cf. Toraigh [ʟ´aː]<ref name="Hamilton"></ref> a ghní rím le trágha [trɑː] insan amhrán ''Beití Sailí Deain'':<br />
<blockquote><br />
''Nuair a théimse siar chun na trágha''<br />
<br />
''A chur amach bodóg agus leathach''<br />
</blockquote><br />
<br />
==== Liúdar ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Coalfish''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ʟ´uːdər]<br />
<br />
==== Mea Ghabhair? ====<br />
<br />
''Gallinago gallinago'' (Béarla ''Snipe'')<br />
<br />
an Spidéal [ˌm´æː ˈɣawer´]<br />
<br />
Tá a fhios agam nach Gaeilic Uladh atá ann ach chuala mé é nuair a bhí mé i dTír Chonaill so chuir mé anseo é.<br />
<br />
==== Mórtas farraige ====<br />
<br />
Farraige gharbh<br />
<br />
==== Murlas ====<br />
<br />
''Scomber scombrus'' (Béarla ''Mackerel'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [mʌrləs]<br />
<br />
I Rann na Feirste dúirt siad sa tseanam gur iasc “cáidheach” a bhí ann.<br />
<br />
==== Mushroom ====<br />
<br />
Toraigh [ˈmʌɕrumi ˈgɑːrl´ɔg´] mushroomaí gáirleoige<br />
<br />
==== Oibrithe ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''under (arable) cultivation''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ɪ̈b´r´ɪ̈ɕt´ə] Bhí an talamh uilig oibrithe.<br />
<br />
Cf. Coraíocht<br />
<br />
==== Portán ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Shore Crab''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [partan]<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [pɑrtan]<br />
<br />
Cf. ''crúbóg''. Bhí an duifear seo ag cainteoirí as Árainn Mhór agus Rann na Feirste.<br />
<br />
==== Reithe ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [raiçə]<br />
<br />
==== Ruacán ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''cockle''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [ruakan´]<br />
<br />
==== Ruball ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste gen. [rʌb´l´ə ~ rʌbl´ə]<br />
<br />
==== Saíán ====<br />
<br />
“Cosúil le deargógaí óga” ~4-8"<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [si.an´]<br />
<br />
==== Saotharcán ====<br />
<br />
''Vanellus vanellus'' (Béarla ''Lapwing'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [sᴇːrkan]<br />
<br />
Cf. Toraigh ''saotharcóg'' [sᴇːrkɔg].<ref name="Hamilton"></ref><br />
<br />
==== Scaineagán ====<br />
<br />
Clocha beaga thart fá 1.5cm – bíonn an t-iolra ann.<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [skanagan´]<br />
<br />
==== Sceartán ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''tick''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [ɕk´artan]<br />
<br />
==== Sceith ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''spawning (of herring)''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ɕk´e]<br />
<br />
Chóir-a-bheith gur [ɪ] a bhí sa ghuta.<br />
<br />
==== Scion mara ====<br />
<br />
Pharidae (Béarla ''razor clams'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [ˌɕg´ɪ̈n´ə ˈmɑrə]<br />
<br />
==== Sealgóg ====<br />
<br />
An píosa den iasc eadar ruball agus corp (Béarla ''caudal peduncle'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ɕaləgɑg]<br />
<br />
==== Slat saileoige ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''sally (willow) rod''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ˌslat ˈsɪ̈l´ɔg´ə]<br />
<br />
==== Sligeán ====<br />
<br />
“Rud ar bith a bhfuil blaosc air” (Béarla ''shellfish'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [ɕl´ɪ̈g´an´]<br />
<br />
==== Sligeán dubh ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''mussels''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [ɕl´ɪ̈gan´ ɣuʰ]<br />
<br />
==== Slugach ====<br />
<br />
''Arenicola marina'' (Béarla ''Lugworm'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [slʌgi]<br />
<br />
San áit a mbíonn slugach bíonn ''cnapán'' [krapan] ann agus poll ag n-a thaoibh [ˈpʌʟ ɪ̈gnə ˈhiːv´].<br />
<br />
==== Stacán ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''sea stack''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [stakan]<br />
<br />
==== Tréataí ====<br />
<br />
Línte in áit a mbeadh uisce ina rith ar chloich, ar éadaigh ⁊rl. Dá mbeadh sé ag cur fearthanna bheadh tréataí ar do chuid éadaigh.<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [t´r´eːti]<br />
<br />
==== Trosc ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [trɔ̜sk]<br />
<br />
= References =<br />
<ref name="Hamilton">Hamilton, J. N. (1974). ''A phonetic study of the Irish of Tory Island, Co. Donegal.'' Institute of Irish Studies, The Queen’s University of Belfast.<br />
</ref></div>Beroidhttps://www.celtic-languages.org/index.php?title=Ulster_Irish/D%C3%BAlra&diff=1406Ulster Irish/Dúlra2025-06-27T13:19:44Z<p>Beroid: </p>
<hr />
<div>I (Jake Dalzell) spent two weeks in the Donegal Gaeltacht in June 2025. Here are some words I heard that refer to the natural world, animals, etc. Note here [è] is a vowel between [ɛ] and [e].<br />
<br />
==== Aice ====<br />
<br />
Poll/eag i gcarraig is maith le gliomaigh agus crúbógaí.<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ak´ə], pl. [nə ˈhak´iə̆hə]<br />
<br />
==== Ain-bheathaigh ====<br />
<br />
Ainmhithe contúirteacha na farraige (searcannaí srl)<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ˈan´ˌv´ɛhi]<br />
<br />
==== Beathach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''horse''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [b´èəx], ''ar a bheathach'' [ɛr ə ˈv´èəx]<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [b´ɛəh]<br />
<br />
Compare Toraigh [b´aː]<ref name="Hamilton"></ref>.<br />
<br />
==== Cailleach ====<br />
<br />
1. Préataí beaga fágtha i ndiaidh an fhómhair<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste pl. [kaʟ´ahai]<br />
<br />
2. (Cailleach dhubh) ''Phalacrocorax carbo'' (Béarla ''Cormorant'')<br />
<br />
==== Cáitheadh na dtonn ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''sea spray''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [kæhu]<br />
<br />
This has been merged with ''caitheadh'' which is pronounced the same way.<br />
<br />
==== Caora ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste gen. pl. [ɴə gᴇːrəx]<br />
<br />
This is the traditional genitive plural, with a different vowel [ᴇː] to the nominative [ɯː].<br />
<br />
==== Clár ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''flat plain (of the sea)''<br />
<br />
Toraigh “Tá an fharraige 'na chlár.”<br />
<br />
==== Cloch bheag doirnín ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [klɔʰ v´ɘg dɔrɴ´in´]<br />
<br />
==== Cnuasach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''foraging (on the shore)''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste gen. [d´ænu cruːsi] Bheadh na mná ag déanamh cnuasaigh.<br />
<br />
==== Creabhar ====<br />
<br />
Tabanidae (Béarla ''cleg, horsefly'')<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [k´r´awer], pl. [nə ˈk´r´awer´]<br />
<br />
==== Creimeadh isteach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Erosion, undercutting (of a cliff)''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [k´r´ɛm´u]<br />
<br />
==== Crúbóg ====<br />
<br />
''Cancer pagurus'' (Béarla ''Edible Crab)<br />
<br />
Compare ''portán''. This distinction was known to speakers from Árainn Mhór and Rann na Feirste.<br />
<br />
==== Dorg ====<br />
<br />
Líne iascaireachta.<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [darəg]<br />
<br />
==== Dos ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''small tuft of grass''<br />
<br />
Toraigh [dʌs] “Ní fhásfadh dos ar bith ansin” (of a barren place)<br />
<br />
==== Gaoth chothrom ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''even wind''<br />
<br />
Toraigh [gɯː ˈxɔr̥əm]<br />
<br />
==== Giobach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''choppy, rough (of the sea)''<br />
<br />
Toraigh [g´ʌbɑ]<br />
<br />
==== Glas binne ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''trapped below a cliff''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste: Tá caora faoi ghlas binne [fiː ɰʟɑs b´ɪ̈ɴ´ə] ''A sheep has gone down a cliff and is now trapped below it.''<br />
<br />
==== Iomghaoth ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Sudden strong gust of wind''<br />
<br />
Toraigh pl. [ʌˈmiaha]<br />
<br />
Interesting that the stress is on the second syllable – could be an idiosyncracy or perhaps due to the word having a compound origin (im- + gaoth). The speaker commented that this was a “focal a bhí ag na seandaoiní”.<br />
<br />
==== Leathach ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''wrack (seaweed)''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [L´èəx]<br />
<br />
Compare Toraigh [ʟ´aː]<ref name="Hamilton"></ref>, which is rhymed with trágha [trɑː] in the song ''Beití Sailí Deain'':<br />
<blockquote><br />
''Nuair a théimse siar chun na trágha''<br />
<br />
''A chur amach bodóg agus leathach''<br />
</blockquote><br />
<br />
==== Mea Ghabhair? ====<br />
<br />
''Gallinago gallinago'' (Béarla ''Snipe'')<br />
<br />
an Spidéal [ˌm´æː ˈɣawer´]<br />
<br />
I know this isn't an Ulster dialect but I heard it when I was in Donegal so I'm putting it here...<br />
<br />
==== Mórtas farraige ====<br />
<br />
Farraige gharbh<br />
<br />
==== Mushroom ====<br />
<br />
Toraigh [ˈmʌɕrumi ˈgɑːrl´ɔg´] mushroomaí gáirleoige<br />
<br />
==== Portán ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''Shore Crab''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [partan]<br />
<br />
Compare ''crúbóg''. This distinction was known to speakers from Árainn Mhór and Rann na Feirste.<br />
<br />
==== Reithe ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [raiçə]<br />
<br />
==== Ruball ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste gen. [rʌb´l´ə ~ rʌbl´ə]<br />
<br />
==== Saotharcán ====<br />
<br />
''Vanellus vanellus'' (Béarla ''Lapwing'')<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [sᴇːrkan]<br />
<br />
Compare Toraigh ''saotharcóg'' [sᴇːrkɔg].<ref name="Hamilton"></ref><br />
<br />
==== Scaineagán ====<br />
<br />
Clocha beaga thart fá 1.5cm – bíonn an t-iolra ann.<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [skanagan´]<br />
<br />
==== Sceartán ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''tick''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [ɕk´artan]<br />
<br />
==== Sceith ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''spawning (of herring)''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ɕk´e]<br />
<br />
The vowel here was almost approaching [ɪ].<br />
<br />
==== Stacán ====<br />
<br />
Béarla ''sea stack''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [stakan]<br />
<br />
==== Tréataí ====<br />
<br />
Línte in áit a mbeadh uisce ina rith ar chloich, ar éadaigh ⁊rl. Dá mbeadh sé ag cur fearthanna bheadh tréataí ar do chuid éadaigh.<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [t´r´eːti]<br />
<br />
= References =<br />
<ref name="Hamilton">Hamilton, J. N. (1974). ''A phonetic study of the Irish of Tory Island, Co. Donegal.'' Institute of Irish Studies, The Queen’s University of Belfast.<br />
</ref></div>Beroidhttps://www.celtic-languages.org/index.php?title=Ulster_Irish/D%C3%BAlra&diff=1405Ulster Irish/Dúlra2025-06-27T12:48:50Z<p>Beroid: </p>
<hr />
<div>I (Jake Dalzell) spent two weeks in the Donegal Gaeltacht in June 2025. Here are some words I heard that refer to the natural world, animals, etc. Note here [è] is a vowel between [ɛ] and [e].<br />
<br />
==== Beathach ====<br />
<br />
''horse''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [bèəx], ''ar a bheathach'' [ɛr ə ˈv´èəx]<br />
<br />
Compare Toraigh [b´aː]<ref name="Hamilton"></ref>.<br />
<br />
==== Cáitheadh na dtonn ====<br />
<br />
''sea spray''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [kæhu]<br />
<br />
This has been merged with ''caitheadh'' which is pronounced the same way.<br />
<br />
==== Caora ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste gen. pl. [ɴə gᴇːrəx]<br />
<br />
This is the traditional genitive plural, with a different vowel [ᴇː] to the nominative [ɯː].<br />
<br />
==== Clár ====<br />
<br />
''flat plain (of the sea)''<br />
<br />
Toraigh “Tá an fharraige 'na chlár.”<br />
<br />
==== Creabhar ====<br />
<br />
''cleg, horsefly''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [k´r´awer], pl. [nə ˈk´r´awer´]<br />
<br />
==== Creimeadh isteach ====<br />
<br />
''Erosion, undercutting (of a cliff)''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [k´r´ɛm´u]<br />
<br />
==== Crúbóg ====<br />
<br />
''Edible Crab (''Cancer pagurus'')''<br />
<br />
Compare ''portán''. This distinction was known to speakers from Árainn Mhór and Rann na Feirste.<br />
<br />
==== Dos ====<br />
<br />
''A small tuft of grass''<br />
<br />
Toraigh [dʌs] “Ní fhásfadh dos ar bith ansin” (of a barren place)<br />
<br />
==== Gaoth chothrom ====<br />
<br />
''Even wind''<br />
<br />
Toraigh [gɯː ˈxɔr̥əm]<br />
<br />
==== Giobach ====<br />
<br />
''choppy, rough (of the sea)''<br />
<br />
Toraigh [g´ʌbɑ]<br />
<br />
==== Glas binne ====<br />
<br />
''trapped below a cliff''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste: Tá caora faoi ghlas binne [fiː ɰʟɑs b´ɪ̈ɴ´ə] ''A sheep has gone down a cliff and is now trapped below it.''<br />
<br />
==== Iomghaoth ====<br />
<br />
''Sudden strong gust of wind''<br />
<br />
Toraigh pl. [ʌˈmiaha]<br />
<br />
Interesting that the stress is on the second syllable – could be an idiosyncracy or perhaps due to the word having a compound origin (im- + gaoth). The speaker commented that this was a “focal a bhí ag na seandaoiní”.<br />
<br />
==== Leathach ====<br />
<br />
''wrack (seaweed)''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [L´èəx]<br />
<br />
Compare Toraigh [ʟ´aː]<ref name="Hamilton"></ref>, which is rhymed with trágha [trɑː] in the song ''Beití Sailí Deain'':<br />
<blockquote><br />
''Nuair a théimse siar chun na trágha''<br />
<br />
''A chur amach bodóg agus leathach''<br />
</blockquote><br />
<br />
==== Mea Ghabhair? ====<br />
<br />
''Snipe''<br />
<br />
an Spidéal [ˌm´æː ˈɣawer´]<br />
<br />
I know this isn't an Ulster dialect but I heard it when I was in Donegal so I'm putting it here...<br />
<br />
==== Portán ====<br />
<br />
''Shore Crab''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [partan]<br />
<br />
Compare ''crúbóg''. This distinction was known to speakers from Árainn Mhór and Rann na Feirste.<br />
<br />
==== Ruball ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste gen. [rʌb´l´ə ~ rʌbl´ə]<br />
<br />
==== Saotharcán ====<br />
<br />
''Lapwing''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [sᴇːrkan]<br />
<br />
Compare Toraigh ''saotharcóg'' [sᴇːrkɔg].<ref name="Hamilton"></ref><br />
<br />
==== Sceartán ====<br />
<br />
''tick''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [ɕk´artan]<br />
<br />
==== Sceith ====<br />
<br />
''spawning (of herring)''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ɕk´e]<br />
<br />
The vowel here was almost approaching [ɪ].<br />
<br />
==== Stacán ====<br />
<br />
''sea stack''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [stakan]<br />
<br />
= References =<br />
<ref name="Hamilton">Hamilton, J. N. (1974). ''A phonetic study of the Irish of Tory Island, Co. Donegal.'' Institute of Irish Studies, The Queen’s University of Belfast.<br />
</ref></div>Beroidhttps://www.celtic-languages.org/index.php?title=Ulster_Irish/D%C3%BAlra&diff=1404Ulster Irish/Dúlra2025-06-27T12:47:08Z<p>Beroid: created page</p>
<hr />
<div>I (Jake Dalzell) spent two weeks in the Donegal Gaeltacht in June 2025. Here are some words I heard that refer to the natural world, animals, etc. Note here the non-standard [è] is a vowel between [ɛ] and [e].<br />
<br />
==== Beathach ====<br />
<br />
''horse''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [bèəx], ''ar a bheathach'' [ɛr ə ˈv´èəx]<br />
<br />
Compare Toraigh [b´aː]<ref name="Hamilton"></ref>.<br />
<br />
==== Cáitheadh na dtonn ====<br />
<br />
''sea spray''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [kæhu]<br />
<br />
This has been merged with ''caitheadh'' which is pronounced the same way.<br />
<br />
==== Caora ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste gen. pl. [ɴə gᴇːrəx]<br />
<br />
This is the traditional genitive plural, with a different vowel [ᴇː] to the nominative [ɯː].<br />
<br />
==== Clár ====<br />
<br />
''flat plain (of the sea)''<br />
<br />
Toraigh “Tá an fharraige 'na chlár.”<br />
<br />
==== Creabhar ====<br />
<br />
''cleg, horsefly''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [k´r´awer], pl. [nə ˈk´r´awer´]<br />
<br />
==== Creimeadh isteach ====<br />
<br />
''Erosion, undercutting (of a cliff)''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [k´r´ɛm´u]<br />
<br />
==== Crúbóg ====<br />
<br />
''Edible Crab (''Cancer pagurus'')''<br />
<br />
Compare ''portán''. This distinction was known to speakers from Árainn Mhór and Rann na Feirste.<br />
<br />
==== Dos ====<br />
<br />
''A small tuft of grass''<br />
<br />
Toraigh [dʌs] “Ní fhásfadh dos ar bith ansin” (of a barren place)<br />
<br />
==== Gaoth chothrom ====<br />
<br />
''Even wind''<br />
<br />
Toraigh [gɯː ˈxɔr̥əm]<br />
<br />
==== Giobach ====<br />
<br />
''choppy, rough (of the sea)''<br />
<br />
Toraigh [g´ʌbɑ]<br />
<br />
==== Glas binne ====<br />
<br />
''trapped below a cliff''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste: Tá caora faoi ghlas binne [fiː ɰʟɑs b´ɪ̈ɴ´ə] ''A sheep has gone down a cliff and is now trapped below it.''<br />
<br />
==== Iomghaoth ====<br />
<br />
''Sudden strong gust of wind''<br />
<br />
Toraigh pl. [ʌˈmiaha]<br />
<br />
Interesting that the stress is on the second syllable – could be an idiosyncracy or perhaps due to the word having a compound origin (im- + gaoth). The speaker commented that this was a “focal a bhí ag na seandaoiní”.<br />
<br />
==== Leathach ====<br />
<br />
''wrack (seaweed)''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [L´èəx]<br />
<br />
Compare Toraigh [ʟ´aː]<ref name="Hamilton"></ref>, which is rhymed with trágha [trɑː] in the song ''Beití Sailí Deain'':<br />
<blockquote><br />
''Nuair a théimse siar chun na trágha''<br />
<br />
''A chur amach bodóg agus leathach''<br />
</blockquote><br />
<br />
==== Mea Ghabhair? ====<br />
<br />
''Snipe''<br />
<br />
an Spidéal [ˌm´æː ˈɣawer´]<br />
<br />
I know this isn't an Ulster dialect but I heard it when I was in Donegal so I'm putting it here...<br />
<br />
==== Portán ====<br />
<br />
''Shore Crab''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [partan]<br />
<br />
Compare ''crúbóg''. This distinction was known to speakers from Árainn Mhór and Rann na Feirste.<br />
<br />
==== Ruball ====<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste gen. [rʌb´l´ə ~ rʌbl´ə]<br />
<br />
==== Saotharcán ====<br />
<br />
''Lapwing''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [sᴇːrkan]<br />
<br />
Compare Toraigh ''saotharcóg'' [sᴇːrkɔg].<ref name="Hamilton"></ref><br />
<br />
==== Sceartán ====<br />
<br />
''tick''<br />
<br />
Árainn Mhór [ɕk´artan]<br />
<br />
==== Sceith ====<br />
<br />
''spawning (of herring)''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [ɕk´e]<br />
<br />
The vowel here was almost approaching [ɪ].<br />
<br />
==== Stacán ====<br />
<br />
''sea stack''<br />
<br />
Rann na Feirste [stakan]<br />
<br />
= References =<br />
<ref name="Hamilton">Hamilton, J. N. (1974). ''A phonetic study of the Irish of Tory Island, Co. Donegal.'' Institute of Irish Studies, The Queen’s University of Belfast.<br />
</ref></div>Beroidhttps://www.celtic-languages.org/index.php?title=Irish/Ulster_Irish&diff=1403Irish/Ulster Irish2025-06-27T11:55:00Z<p>Beroid: created page</p>
<hr />
<div>Ulster Irish is the dialect of Irish traditionally spoken in Ulster. It is now only spoken as a community language in the Gaeltacht areas of Donegal.</div>Beroidhttps://www.celtic-languages.org/index.php?title=Irish/Resources&diff=729Irish/Resources2022-09-12T11:17:06Z<p>Beroid: /* Southern Scotland and East Ulster */</p>
<hr />
<div>=Free resources on the internet=<br />
<br />
==Textbooks==<br />
* [https://bhillers.pages.iu.edu/buntus.html Buntús na Gaeilge] (mostly Standard Irish with a preference for Ulster options, dialect differences are noted)<br />
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732765046152888321/TYI_MilesDillion_1961_Retypeset.pdf Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Retypeset] (dialectal Munster Irish)<br />
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732764925994336406/TYI_MilesDillon_1961_Scanned.pdf Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Scanned] (dialectal Munster Irish)<br />
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732765118319820840/TYI_mp3.zip Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Audio] (dialectal Munster Irish)<br />
The retypeset version of Teach Yourself Irish has the audio built in and more reliable search, but it also has typos.<br />
<br />
==Video series==<br />
* Now You're Talking (Ulster Irish)<br />
** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7nz--LpYC30 Video series on Youtube]<br />
** [https://eolas38.wixsite.com/ultach/copy-of-aonad-1 Textbook + Audio + Video]<br />
* [http://www.ceimaraghaidh.ie/don-fhoghlaimeoir/ Céim Ar Aghaidh] (Ulster Irish, for advanced learners)<br />
<br />
==Podcasts==<br />
* [http://culturlann.org/beginner%20podcast Beginner Podcast series from Cultúrlann Uí Chanáin] (Ulster Irish)<br />
<br />
==Spelling and Pronunciation==<br />
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oIokUII7LX0 Introduction to the Irish spelling] (Video)<br />
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120321160459/http://www.ultach.dsl.pipex.com/ForLearners/UIPron.doc Ulster Irish, A Pronunciation Guide]<br />
* [http://www.fuaimeanna.ie/en/ Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge] (Sounds of Irish with sample recordings in three dialects)<br />
** A site to go along with the book ''Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge''. Contains recordings from native speakers of each main dialect area (specifically, Gaoth Dobhair in Donegal, An Ceathrú Rua in Connemara and Corca Dhuibhne in Kerry) pronouncing each phoneme in the language. The book contains lists of minimal pairs as well.<br />
* [https://www.cogg.ie/wp-content/uploads/Understanding-Irish-Spelling-A-Handbook-for-Teachers-and-Learners-by-Dr.-Nancy-Stenson-and-Dr.-Tina-Hickey-1.pdf Understanding Irish Spelling: A Handbook for Teachers and Learners]<br />
* [https://www.forasnagaeilge.ie/about/an-gum/focloir-poca/?lang=en Foclóir Póca - Description and Phonetic Guide] pdf and audio files containing an introduction to the standardised system of pronunciation sometimes known as "lárchanúint" (central dialect) devised by Dónall Ó Baoill<br />
<br />
==Dictionaries (with pronunciation)==<br />
* [https://www.teanglann.ie/en Teanglann]<br />
** An online version of de Bhaldraithe's English-Irish Dictionary (EID) and Ó Dónall's Foclór Gaeilge-Béarla (FGB), as well as An Foclóir Beag and a grammar tab and pronunciation tab. Very handy to look up words.<br />
* [https://www.focloir.ie/ New English-Irish Dictionary (NEID)]<br />
<br />
==Grammar==<br />
* Gramadach na Gaeilge (GnaG): An online grammar covering just about anything you can think of for Irish. Does contain some mistakes, but the most comprehensive free grammar you can find. (Sometimes a bit technical, but if you can deal with grammar terminology, very useful)<br />
** [http://nualeargais.ie/gnag/gramadac.htm English translation of an older version]<br />
** [http://braesicke.de/gramadac.htm German original version]<br />
* [https://data.oireachtas.ie/ie/oireachtas/caighdeanOifigiul/2017/2017-08-03_an-caighdean-oifigiuil-2017_en.pdf An Caighdeán Oifigiúil] (the official standard; written in Irish)<br />
* [http://www.reimnigh.com/ Réimnigh]: Conjugation tables for common verbs (standard and all three major dialects)<br />
<br />
==Media==<br />
=== Raidió na Gaeltachta (RnaG) ===<br />
[https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/ Raidió na Gaeltachta] is an Irish-language radio station. They broadcast a wide variety of programmes, including:<br />
<br />
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/adhmhaidin/ Adhmhaidin]: A(n) (inter)national current affairs show, with speakers from '''all over Ireland'''<br />
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/an-saol-o-dheas/ An Saol Ó Dheas]: Current affairs from '''Munster''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included<br />
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/barrscealta/ Barrscéalta]: Current affairs in '''Donegal''', usually with presenters from Gaoth Dobhair<br />
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/iris-aniar/ Iris Aniar]: Current affairs in '''Connacht''' and '''Meath''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included<br />
<br />
=== TG4 ===<br />
[https://www.tg4.ie TG4] is the Irish-language television station. Plays a variety of programmes from a variety of different topics. Most programmes only contain burnt-in English subs, but this is changing recently. Various recommended programmes include: <br />
<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/lifestyle-tv-shows/?series=Comhr%C3%A1&genre=Saolchlar Comhrá]: A regular conversation show between iconic host Máirtín Tom Sheáinín and a different guest where he talks with them about their life experiences<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/childrens-tv-shows/ Cúla4]: Kids programming on TG4. Good for children or those who want to practice with vocabulary/structures aimed at a child's ability. Might be boring for adults.<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=Nuacht%20TG4&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Nuacht TG4]: The daily news show. High quality presenters. Contains no subtitles.<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/drama-tv-shows/?series=Ros%20na%20R%C3%BAn%20(S25)&genre=Drama Ros na Rún]: An Irish-language soap opera, running since 1996 with over 1500 episodes. Later seasons have options for English subs or Irish subs. Earlier seasons and episodes can be found on YouTube.<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=7%20L%C3%A1&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Seacht Lá]: Politics and the economy, regional, national and international affairs. Live debate on the major issues of the day with a panel of analysts, experts and political pundits. No subtitles.<br />
<br />
=== Vifax ===<br />
[https://vifax.maynoothuniversity.ie/ Vifax] is a website created and updated by Maynooth University, which takes clips from Nuacht TG4 and transcribes them. They also include questions at various levels (beginner, intermediate, advanced) to help guide listening and focus on listening ability. Very useful resource to practice listening ability.<br />
<br />
There is also a helpful blog post about [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/how-to-best-use-vifax-at-any-level/ how to use Vifax at varying levels].<br />
<br />
==Apps==<br />
* [http://www.duolingo.com Duolingo]: It's all right when you have the right expectations. I found it useful for vocabulary and just practice in general, but I wouldn't recommend it as the only thing to use.<br />
** The mobile apps don't provide to the tips page that each skill has in the web version. You can refer to [https://duome.eu/tips/en/ga duome.eu] to read them on mobile.<br />
<br />
<br />
==Blogs and other dialectal resources==<br />
Most of these blogs focus on specific regional dialects.<br />
<br />
===Southern Scotland and East Ulster===<br />
<br />
* [http://dalriada.scot/ dalriada.scot]: "Dail Riada" (Central Argyll), Southern Scotland<br />
* [https://gaidhligarainn.blogspot.com/ gaidhligarainn.blogspot]: Arran, Southern Scotland<br />
* [http://rathlingaelic.blogspot.com/ rathlingaelic.blogspot]: Rathlin<br />
* [https://gaedhilgreachraidh.blogspot.com/ gaedhilgreachraidh.blogspot]: Rathlin<br />
* [http://cluaindaimh.blogspot.com/ cluaindaimh.blogspot]: Cluain Daimh (Clonduff), co. Down<br />
* [http://irishofthefews.blogspot.com/ irishofthefews.blogspot]: the Fews, south co. Armagh<br />
* [http://oirialla.blogspot.com/ oirialla.blogspot]: Oriel<br />
* [https://archive.org/details/mionaintnamieag00dubhgoog/ Mion-ċaint na Miḋe agus Ulaḋ (Pádraig Ó Dubhthaigh)]: a book from 1905 with information on the extinct Meath dialect<br />
* [https://gaeltachtnaspeirini.blogspot.com/ gaeltachtnaspeirini.blogspot]: the Sperrins, co. Tyrone<br />
* [https://inishowenirish.blogspot.com/ inishowenirish.blogspot]: Inishowen, co. Donegal<br />
<br />
===West Ulster===<br />
<br />
* [https://gaedhilgthoraighe.blogspot.com/ gaedhilgthoraighe.blogspot]: Tory, co. Donegal<br />
* [https://ramasbearoide.blogspot.com/ ramasbearoide.blogspot]: mostly north co. Donegal<br />
* [http://www.rannnafeirste.com/ rannnafeirste.com]: Rann na Feirste, co. Donegal<br />
<br />
===Connaught===<br />
<br />
* [http://gaeilgeiorrais.ie/index.php/canuinti-local-dialects gaeilgeiorrais.ie]: some resources for Iorras, co. Mayo<br />
* [https://www.irishlanguageincountymayo.com/ irishlanguageincountymayo.com]: co. Mayo<br />
* [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/ gaeilgechonamara.com]: Conamara, co. Galway<br />
* [https://gaeiglenalachan.wordpress.com/ gaeiglenalachan.wordpress]: Mionlach, co. Galway<br />
<br />
===West Munster===<br />
<br />
* [https://corkirish.wordpress.com/ corkirish.wordpress]: co. Cork<br />
* [https://muiris.net/ muiris.net]: most Cléire (Cape Clear), co. Cork<br />
<br />
===East Munster===<br />
<br />
* [https://tonyofloinn.weebly.com/gaelainn-oirthear-chorcaiacute.html/ tonyofloinn.weebly]: East Cork<br />
<br />
===Leinster===<br />
<br />
* [http://kilkennyirish.blogspot.com/ kilkennyirish.blogspot]: co. Kilkenny<br />
* [https://gaeiligchillechoinnigh.blogspot.com/ gaeiligchillechoinnigh.blogspot]: co. Kilkenny<br />
* [http://dublingaelic.blogspot.com/ dublingaelic.blogspot]: Dublin (the historical dialects, not post-revival)<br />
<br />
===General===<br />
<br />
* [https://www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk/oduibhin/index.htm Gaelic Resources - Ciarán Ó Duibhín] mostly West Ulster, some East Ulster and Scottish stuff<br />
<br />
==Misc==<br />
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262774160294412288/1009119722702385193/Bealoideas_Index.pdf Béaloideas index]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Irish]]</div>Beroidhttps://www.celtic-languages.org/index.php?title=Irish/Resources&diff=728Irish/Resources2022-09-12T11:16:23Z<p>Beroid: /* Blogs */</p>
<hr />
<div>=Free resources on the internet=<br />
<br />
==Textbooks==<br />
* [https://bhillers.pages.iu.edu/buntus.html Buntús na Gaeilge] (mostly Standard Irish with a preference for Ulster options, dialect differences are noted)<br />
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732765046152888321/TYI_MilesDillion_1961_Retypeset.pdf Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Retypeset] (dialectal Munster Irish)<br />
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732764925994336406/TYI_MilesDillon_1961_Scanned.pdf Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Scanned] (dialectal Munster Irish)<br />
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732765118319820840/TYI_mp3.zip Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Audio] (dialectal Munster Irish)<br />
The retypeset version of Teach Yourself Irish has the audio built in and more reliable search, but it also has typos.<br />
<br />
==Video series==<br />
* Now You're Talking (Ulster Irish)<br />
** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7nz--LpYC30 Video series on Youtube]<br />
** [https://eolas38.wixsite.com/ultach/copy-of-aonad-1 Textbook + Audio + Video]<br />
* [http://www.ceimaraghaidh.ie/don-fhoghlaimeoir/ Céim Ar Aghaidh] (Ulster Irish, for advanced learners)<br />
<br />
==Podcasts==<br />
* [http://culturlann.org/beginner%20podcast Beginner Podcast series from Cultúrlann Uí Chanáin] (Ulster Irish)<br />
<br />
==Spelling and Pronunciation==<br />
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oIokUII7LX0 Introduction to the Irish spelling] (Video)<br />
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120321160459/http://www.ultach.dsl.pipex.com/ForLearners/UIPron.doc Ulster Irish, A Pronunciation Guide]<br />
* [http://www.fuaimeanna.ie/en/ Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge] (Sounds of Irish with sample recordings in three dialects)<br />
** A site to go along with the book ''Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge''. Contains recordings from native speakers of each main dialect area (specifically, Gaoth Dobhair in Donegal, An Ceathrú Rua in Connemara and Corca Dhuibhne in Kerry) pronouncing each phoneme in the language. The book contains lists of minimal pairs as well.<br />
* [https://www.cogg.ie/wp-content/uploads/Understanding-Irish-Spelling-A-Handbook-for-Teachers-and-Learners-by-Dr.-Nancy-Stenson-and-Dr.-Tina-Hickey-1.pdf Understanding Irish Spelling: A Handbook for Teachers and Learners]<br />
* [https://www.forasnagaeilge.ie/about/an-gum/focloir-poca/?lang=en Foclóir Póca - Description and Phonetic Guide] pdf and audio files containing an introduction to the standardised system of pronunciation sometimes known as "lárchanúint" (central dialect) devised by Dónall Ó Baoill<br />
<br />
==Dictionaries (with pronunciation)==<br />
* [https://www.teanglann.ie/en Teanglann]<br />
** An online version of de Bhaldraithe's English-Irish Dictionary (EID) and Ó Dónall's Foclór Gaeilge-Béarla (FGB), as well as An Foclóir Beag and a grammar tab and pronunciation tab. Very handy to look up words.<br />
* [https://www.focloir.ie/ New English-Irish Dictionary (NEID)]<br />
<br />
==Grammar==<br />
* Gramadach na Gaeilge (GnaG): An online grammar covering just about anything you can think of for Irish. Does contain some mistakes, but the most comprehensive free grammar you can find. (Sometimes a bit technical, but if you can deal with grammar terminology, very useful)<br />
** [http://nualeargais.ie/gnag/gramadac.htm English translation of an older version]<br />
** [http://braesicke.de/gramadac.htm German original version]<br />
* [https://data.oireachtas.ie/ie/oireachtas/caighdeanOifigiul/2017/2017-08-03_an-caighdean-oifigiuil-2017_en.pdf An Caighdeán Oifigiúil] (the official standard; written in Irish)<br />
* [http://www.reimnigh.com/ Réimnigh]: Conjugation tables for common verbs (standard and all three major dialects)<br />
<br />
==Media==<br />
=== Raidió na Gaeltachta (RnaG) ===<br />
[https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/ Raidió na Gaeltachta] is an Irish-language radio station. They broadcast a wide variety of programmes, including:<br />
<br />
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/adhmhaidin/ Adhmhaidin]: A(n) (inter)national current affairs show, with speakers from '''all over Ireland'''<br />
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/an-saol-o-dheas/ An Saol Ó Dheas]: Current affairs from '''Munster''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included<br />
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/barrscealta/ Barrscéalta]: Current affairs in '''Donegal''', usually with presenters from Gaoth Dobhair<br />
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/iris-aniar/ Iris Aniar]: Current affairs in '''Connacht''' and '''Meath''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included<br />
<br />
=== TG4 ===<br />
[https://www.tg4.ie TG4] is the Irish-language television station. Plays a variety of programmes from a variety of different topics. Most programmes only contain burnt-in English subs, but this is changing recently. Various recommended programmes include: <br />
<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/lifestyle-tv-shows/?series=Comhr%C3%A1&genre=Saolchlar Comhrá]: A regular conversation show between iconic host Máirtín Tom Sheáinín and a different guest where he talks with them about their life experiences<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/childrens-tv-shows/ Cúla4]: Kids programming on TG4. Good for children or those who want to practice with vocabulary/structures aimed at a child's ability. Might be boring for adults.<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=Nuacht%20TG4&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Nuacht TG4]: The daily news show. High quality presenters. Contains no subtitles.<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/drama-tv-shows/?series=Ros%20na%20R%C3%BAn%20(S25)&genre=Drama Ros na Rún]: An Irish-language soap opera, running since 1996 with over 1500 episodes. Later seasons have options for English subs or Irish subs. Earlier seasons and episodes can be found on YouTube.<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=7%20L%C3%A1&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Seacht Lá]: Politics and the economy, regional, national and international affairs. Live debate on the major issues of the day with a panel of analysts, experts and political pundits. No subtitles.<br />
<br />
=== Vifax ===<br />
[https://vifax.maynoothuniversity.ie/ Vifax] is a website created and updated by Maynooth University, which takes clips from Nuacht TG4 and transcribes them. They also include questions at various levels (beginner, intermediate, advanced) to help guide listening and focus on listening ability. Very useful resource to practice listening ability.<br />
<br />
There is also a helpful blog post about [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/how-to-best-use-vifax-at-any-level/ how to use Vifax at varying levels].<br />
<br />
==Apps==<br />
* [http://www.duolingo.com Duolingo]: It's all right when you have the right expectations. I found it useful for vocabulary and just practice in general, but I wouldn't recommend it as the only thing to use.<br />
** The mobile apps don't provide to the tips page that each skill has in the web version. You can refer to [https://duome.eu/tips/en/ga duome.eu] to read them on mobile.<br />
<br />
<br />
==Blogs and other dialectal resources==<br />
Most of these blogs focus on specific regional dialects.<br />
<br />
===Southern Scotland and East Ulster===<br />
<br />
* [http://dalriada.scot/ dalriada.scot]: "Dail Riada" (Central Argyll), Southern Scotland<br />
* [https://gaidhligarainn.blogspot.com/ gaidhligarainn.blogspot]: Arran, Southern Scotland<br />
* [http://rathlingaelic.blogspot.com/ rathlingaelic.blogspot]: Rathlin<br />
* [https://gaedhilgreachraidh.blogspot.com/ gaedhilgreachraidh.blogspot]: Rathlin<br />
* [http://cluaindaimh.blogspot.com/ cluaindaimh.blogspot]: Cluain Daimh (Clonduff), co. Down<br />
* [http://irishofthefews.blogspot.com/ irishofthefews.blogspot]: the Fews, south co. Armagh<br />
* [http://oirialla.blogspot.com/ oirialla.blogspot]: Oriel<br />
* [https://archive.org/details/mionaintnamieag00dubhgoog/]: Mion-ċaint na Miḋe agus Ulaḋ (Pádraig Ó Dubhthaigh)<br />
* [https://gaeltachtnaspeirini.blogspot.com/ gaeltachtnaspeirini.blogspot]: the Sperrins, co. Tyrone<br />
* [https://inishowenirish.blogspot.com/ inishowenirish.blogspot]: Inishowen, co. Donegal<br />
<br />
===West Ulster===<br />
<br />
* [https://gaedhilgthoraighe.blogspot.com/ gaedhilgthoraighe.blogspot]: Tory, co. Donegal<br />
* [https://ramasbearoide.blogspot.com/ ramasbearoide.blogspot]: mostly north co. Donegal<br />
* [http://www.rannnafeirste.com/ rannnafeirste.com]: Rann na Feirste, co. Donegal<br />
<br />
===Connaught===<br />
<br />
* [http://gaeilgeiorrais.ie/index.php/canuinti-local-dialects gaeilgeiorrais.ie]: some resources for Iorras, co. Mayo<br />
* [https://www.irishlanguageincountymayo.com/ irishlanguageincountymayo.com]: co. Mayo<br />
* [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/ gaeilgechonamara.com]: Conamara, co. Galway<br />
* [https://gaeiglenalachan.wordpress.com/ gaeiglenalachan.wordpress]: Mionlach, co. Galway<br />
<br />
===West Munster===<br />
<br />
* [https://corkirish.wordpress.com/ corkirish.wordpress]: co. Cork<br />
* [https://muiris.net/ muiris.net]: most Cléire (Cape Clear), co. Cork<br />
<br />
===East Munster===<br />
<br />
* [https://tonyofloinn.weebly.com/gaelainn-oirthear-chorcaiacute.html/ tonyofloinn.weebly]: East Cork<br />
<br />
===Leinster===<br />
<br />
* [http://kilkennyirish.blogspot.com/ kilkennyirish.blogspot]: co. Kilkenny<br />
* [https://gaeiligchillechoinnigh.blogspot.com/ gaeiligchillechoinnigh.blogspot]: co. Kilkenny<br />
* [http://dublingaelic.blogspot.com/ dublingaelic.blogspot]: Dublin (the historical dialects, not post-revival)<br />
<br />
===General===<br />
<br />
* [https://www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk/oduibhin/index.htm Gaelic Resources - Ciarán Ó Duibhín] mostly West Ulster, some East Ulster and Scottish stuff<br />
<br />
==Misc==<br />
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262774160294412288/1009119722702385193/Bealoideas_Index.pdf Béaloideas index]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Irish]]</div>Beroidhttps://www.celtic-languages.org/index.php?title=Resource_Lists_for_Gaelic_Dialects&diff=641Resource Lists for Gaelic Dialects2022-07-07T19:28:45Z<p>Beroid: /* Cloch an Fhaolaidh */</p>
<hr />
<div>This page is intended to be a space to draw up and share lists of resources and bibliographies for any given Gaelic dialect. Rather than being specific to any form of Gaelic, this space is intended to be inclusive to all Gaelic varieties to make room for varieties that might not fit neatly under any of the 3 "main" varieties within the continuum.<br />
<br />
= Irish Gaelic =<br />
<br />
General space for Irish materials<br />
<br />
== Munster ==<br />
<br />
General space for Munster materials<br />
<br />
=== Déise ===<br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
General space for Déise materials<br />
<br />
==== Literature ====<br />
<br />
See [[Irish/Déise_Irish#Bibliography]]<br />
<br />
==== Audio Recordings ====<br />
<br />
See [[Irish/Déise_Irish#Recordings]]<br />
<br />
==== South Tipperary ====<br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
Specific space for South Tipperary materials<br />
<br />
===== Literature =====<br />
<br />
Place for literature on South Tipp Irish<br />
<br />
===== Audio Recorings =====<br />
<br />
Place for audio recordings on South Tipp Irish<br />
<br />
== Ulster ==<br />
<br />
=== Donegal ===<br />
<br />
==== Teileann ====<br />
<br />
==== Na Rosa ====<br />
<br />
Anagaire, Rann na Feirste etc<br />
<br />
[https://www.rannnafeirste.com/ The Spoken Irish of Rann na Feirste] - folktales and lore, phonological description<br />
<br />
==== Gaoth Dobhair ====<br />
<br />
==== Cloich an Fhaolaidh ====<br />
<br />
Machaire Uí Rabhartaigh, Toraigh, Gort an Choirce etc<br />
<br />
=== East Ulster ===<br />
<br />
= Sruth na Maoile (North-East Ulster, far Southern Scotland) =<br />
<br />
==== Glens of Antrim ====<br />
<br />
==== Rathlin ====<br />
<br />
* Seanchas<br />
** [https://ramasbearoide.blogspot.com/2021/08/ath-scribhinn-reachraidh.html Scéal an Bhannaigh] - a story about a bannock similar to the Gingerbread Man, with a recording and transcription, and also a written version<br />
<br />
==== Arran ====<br />
<br />
= Scotland =<br />
<br />
== Southern Scotland ==</div>Beroidhttps://www.celtic-languages.org/index.php?title=Resource_Lists_for_Gaelic_Dialects&diff=640Resource Lists for Gaelic Dialects2022-07-07T19:28:13Z<p>Beroid: /* Rathlin */</p>
<hr />
<div>This page is intended to be a space to draw up and share lists of resources and bibliographies for any given Gaelic dialect. Rather than being specific to any form of Gaelic, this space is intended to be inclusive to all Gaelic varieties to make room for varieties that might not fit neatly under any of the 3 "main" varieties within the continuum.<br />
<br />
= Irish Gaelic =<br />
<br />
General space for Irish materials<br />
<br />
== Munster ==<br />
<br />
General space for Munster materials<br />
<br />
=== Déise ===<br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
General space for Déise materials<br />
<br />
==== Literature ====<br />
<br />
See [[Irish/Déise_Irish#Bibliography]]<br />
<br />
==== Audio Recordings ====<br />
<br />
See [[Irish/Déise_Irish#Recordings]]<br />
<br />
==== South Tipperary ====<br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
Specific space for South Tipperary materials<br />
<br />
===== Literature =====<br />
<br />
Place for literature on South Tipp Irish<br />
<br />
===== Audio Recorings =====<br />
<br />
Place for audio recordings on South Tipp Irish<br />
<br />
== Ulster ==<br />
<br />
=== Donegal ===<br />
<br />
==== Teileann ====<br />
<br />
==== Na Rosa ====<br />
<br />
Anagaire, Rann na Feirste etc<br />
<br />
[https://www.rannnafeirste.com/ The Spoken Irish of Rann na Feirste] - folktales and lore, phonological description<br />
<br />
==== Gaoth Dobhair ====<br />
<br />
==== Cloch an Fhaolaidh ====<br />
<br />
Machaire Uí Rabhartaigh, Toraigh, Gort an Choirce etc<br />
<br />
=== East Ulster ===<br />
<br />
= Sruth na Maoile (North-East Ulster, far Southern Scotland) =<br />
<br />
==== Glens of Antrim ====<br />
<br />
==== Rathlin ====<br />
<br />
* Seanchas<br />
** [https://ramasbearoide.blogspot.com/2021/08/ath-scribhinn-reachraidh.html Scéal an Bhannaigh] - a story about a bannock similar to the Gingerbread Man, with a recording and transcription, and also a written version<br />
<br />
==== Arran ====<br />
<br />
= Scotland =<br />
<br />
== Southern Scotland ==</div>Beroidhttps://www.celtic-languages.org/index.php?title=Resource_Lists_for_Gaelic_Dialects&diff=639Resource Lists for Gaelic Dialects2022-07-07T19:23:14Z<p>Beroid: </p>
<hr />
<div>This page is intended to be a space to draw up and share lists of resources and bibliographies for any given Gaelic dialect. Rather than being specific to any form of Gaelic, this space is intended to be inclusive to all Gaelic varieties to make room for varieties that might not fit neatly under any of the 3 "main" varieties within the continuum.<br />
<br />
= Irish Gaelic =<br />
<br />
General space for Irish materials<br />
<br />
== Munster ==<br />
<br />
General space for Munster materials<br />
<br />
=== Déise ===<br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
General space for Déise materials<br />
<br />
==== Literature ====<br />
<br />
See [[Irish/Déise_Irish#Bibliography]]<br />
<br />
==== Audio Recordings ====<br />
<br />
See [[Irish/Déise_Irish#Recordings]]<br />
<br />
==== South Tipperary ====<br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
Specific space for South Tipperary materials<br />
<br />
===== Literature =====<br />
<br />
Place for literature on South Tipp Irish<br />
<br />
===== Audio Recorings =====<br />
<br />
Place for audio recordings on South Tipp Irish<br />
<br />
== Ulster ==<br />
<br />
=== Donegal ===<br />
<br />
==== Teileann ====<br />
<br />
==== Na Rosa ====<br />
<br />
Anagaire, Rann na Feirste etc<br />
<br />
[https://www.rannnafeirste.com/ The Spoken Irish of Rann na Feirste] - folktales and lore, phonological description<br />
<br />
==== Gaoth Dobhair ====<br />
<br />
==== Cloch an Fhaolaidh ====<br />
<br />
Machaire Uí Rabhartaigh, Toraigh, Gort an Choirce etc<br />
<br />
=== East Ulster ===<br />
<br />
= Sruth na Maoile (North-East Ulster, far Southern Scotland) =<br />
<br />
==== Glens of Antrim ====<br />
<br />
==== Rathlin ====<br />
<br />
==== Arran ====<br />
<br />
= Scotland =<br />
<br />
== Southern Scotland ==</div>Beroidhttps://www.celtic-languages.org/index.php?title=Resource_Lists_for_Gaelic_Dialects&diff=638Resource Lists for Gaelic Dialects2022-07-07T19:18:56Z<p>Beroid: /* Na Rosa */</p>
<hr />
<div>This page is intended to be a space to draw up and share lists of resources and bibliographies for any given Gaelic dialect. Rather than being specific to any form of Gaelic, this space is intended to be inclusive to all Gaelic varieties to make room for varieties that might not fit neatly under any of the 3 "main" varieties within the continuum.<br />
<br />
= Irish Gaelic =<br />
<br />
General space for Irish materials<br />
<br />
== Munster ==<br />
<br />
General space for Munster materials<br />
<br />
=== Déise ===<br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
General space for Déise materials<br />
<br />
==== Literature ====<br />
<br />
See [[Irish/Déise_Irish#Bibliography]]<br />
<br />
==== Audio Recordings ====<br />
<br />
See [[Irish/Déise_Irish#Recordings]]<br />
<br />
==== South Tipperary ====<br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
Specific space for South Tipperary materials<br />
<br />
===== Literature =====<br />
<br />
Place for literature on South Tipp Irish<br />
<br />
===== Audio Recorings =====<br />
<br />
Place for audio recordings on South Tipp Irish<br />
<br />
== Ulster ==<br />
<br />
=== Donegal ===<br />
<br />
==== Teileann ====<br />
<br />
==== Na Rosa ====<br />
<br />
Anagaire, Rann na Feirste etc<br />
<br />
[https://www.rannnafeirste.com/ The Spoken Irish of Rann na Feirste] - folktales and lore, phonological description<br />
<br />
==== Gaoth Dobhair ====<br />
<br />
==== Cloch an Fhaolaidh ====<br />
<br />
Machaire Uí Rabhartaigh, Toraigh, Gort an Choirce etc<br />
<br />
=== East Ulster ===<br />
<br />
=== Sruth na Maoile (North-East Ulster) ===<br />
<br />
==== Glens of Antrim ====<br />
<br />
==== Rathlin ====<br />
<br />
= Scotland =<br />
<br />
== Southern Scotland ==<br />
<br />
==== Arran ====</div>Beroidhttps://www.celtic-languages.org/index.php?title=Resource_Lists_for_Gaelic_Dialects&diff=637Resource Lists for Gaelic Dialects2022-07-07T19:16:07Z<p>Beroid: /* Donegal */</p>
<hr />
<div>This page is intended to be a space to draw up and share lists of resources and bibliographies for any given Gaelic dialect. Rather than being specific to any form of Gaelic, this space is intended to be inclusive to all Gaelic varieties to make room for varieties that might not fit neatly under any of the 3 "main" varieties within the continuum.<br />
<br />
= Irish Gaelic =<br />
<br />
General space for Irish materials<br />
<br />
== Munster ==<br />
<br />
General space for Munster materials<br />
<br />
=== Déise ===<br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
General space for Déise materials<br />
<br />
==== Literature ====<br />
<br />
See [[Irish/Déise_Irish#Bibliography]]<br />
<br />
==== Audio Recordings ====<br />
<br />
See [[Irish/Déise_Irish#Recordings]]<br />
<br />
==== South Tipperary ====<br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
Specific space for South Tipperary materials<br />
<br />
===== Literature =====<br />
<br />
Place for literature on South Tipp Irish<br />
<br />
===== Audio Recorings =====<br />
<br />
Place for audio recordings on South Tipp Irish<br />
<br />
== Ulster ==<br />
<br />
=== Donegal ===<br />
<br />
==== Teileann ====<br />
<br />
==== Na Rosa ====<br />
<br />
Anagaire, Rann na Feirste etc<br />
<br />
==== Gaoth Dobhair ====<br />
<br />
==== Cloch an Fhaolaidh ====<br />
<br />
Machaire Uí Rabhartaigh, Toraigh, Gort an Choirce etc<br />
<br />
=== East Ulster ===<br />
<br />
=== Sruth na Maoile (North-East Ulster) ===<br />
<br />
==== Glens of Antrim ====<br />
<br />
==== Rathlin ====<br />
<br />
= Scotland =<br />
<br />
== Southern Scotland ==<br />
<br />
==== Arran ====</div>Beroidhttps://www.celtic-languages.org/index.php?title=Resource_Lists_for_Gaelic_Dialects&diff=636Resource Lists for Gaelic Dialects2022-07-07T19:13:22Z<p>Beroid: /* Sruth na Maoile */</p>
<hr />
<div>This page is intended to be a space to draw up and share lists of resources and bibliographies for any given Gaelic dialect. Rather than being specific to any form of Gaelic, this space is intended to be inclusive to all Gaelic varieties to make room for varieties that might not fit neatly under any of the 3 "main" varieties within the continuum.<br />
<br />
= Irish Gaelic =<br />
<br />
General space for Irish materials<br />
<br />
== Munster ==<br />
<br />
General space for Munster materials<br />
<br />
=== Déise ===<br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
General space for Déise materials<br />
<br />
==== Literature ====<br />
<br />
See [[Irish/Déise_Irish#Bibliography]]<br />
<br />
==== Audio Recordings ====<br />
<br />
See [[Irish/Déise_Irish#Recordings]]<br />
<br />
==== South Tipperary ====<br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
Specific space for South Tipperary materials<br />
<br />
===== Literature =====<br />
<br />
Place for literature on South Tipp Irish<br />
<br />
===== Audio Recorings =====<br />
<br />
Place for audio recordings on South Tipp Irish<br />
<br />
== Ulster ==<br />
<br />
=== Donegal ===<br />
<br />
=== East Ulster ===<br />
<br />
=== Sruth na Maoile (North-East Ulster) ===<br />
<br />
==== Glens of Antrim ====<br />
<br />
==== Rathlin ====<br />
<br />
= Scotland =<br />
<br />
== Southern Scotland ==<br />
<br />
==== Arran ====</div>Beroidhttps://www.celtic-languages.org/index.php?title=Resource_Lists_for_Gaelic_Dialects&diff=635Resource Lists for Gaelic Dialects2022-07-07T19:12:05Z<p>Beroid: </p>
<hr />
<div>This page is intended to be a space to draw up and share lists of resources and bibliographies for any given Gaelic dialect. Rather than being specific to any form of Gaelic, this space is intended to be inclusive to all Gaelic varieties to make room for varieties that might not fit neatly under any of the 3 "main" varieties within the continuum.<br />
<br />
= Irish Gaelic =<br />
<br />
General space for Irish materials<br />
<br />
== Munster ==<br />
<br />
General space for Munster materials<br />
<br />
=== Déise ===<br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
General space for Déise materials<br />
<br />
==== Literature ====<br />
<br />
See [[Irish/Déise_Irish#Bibliography]]<br />
<br />
==== Audio Recordings ====<br />
<br />
See [[Irish/Déise_Irish#Recordings]]<br />
<br />
==== South Tipperary ====<br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
Specific space for South Tipperary materials<br />
<br />
===== Literature =====<br />
<br />
Place for literature on South Tipp Irish<br />
<br />
===== Audio Recorings =====<br />
<br />
Place for audio recordings on South Tipp Irish<br />
<br />
== Ulster ==<br />
<br />
=== Donegal ===<br />
<br />
=== East Ulster ===<br />
<br />
=== Sruth na Maoile ===<br />
<br />
==== Glens of Antrim ====<br />
<br />
==== Rathlin ====<br />
<br />
= Scotland =<br />
<br />
== Southern Scotland ==<br />
<br />
==== Arran ====</div>Beroidhttps://www.celtic-languages.org/index.php?title=Irish/Present_tense_in_-idh&diff=620Irish/Present tense in -idh2022-06-05T21:09:29Z<p>Beroid: added a link to the mention of these forms on GnaG</p>
<hr />
<div>== Present tense forms in -idh ==<br />
<br />
In older forms of the language the 3rd person present verb forms were in -idh, e.g. ''féadaidh sé'', ''ólaidh sé''. These forms are still used in certain dialects and contexts.<br />
In Teileann they remain as normal present tense forms, in free variation with forms in -ann<ref>Wagner, H., 1979. ''Gaeilge Theilinn'' §277.</ref>. Further north they appear to be only used as a "historical present" in a narrative register.<br />
<br />
== The historical present ==<br />
<br />
The forms in -idh can be used in the narrative register to refer to past actions, for example:<br />
<br />
<blockquote>Ach goidé a rinne sé ach ar bhfeiceáil ar thógáil ruball Árd-na-gaoithe dó, agus '''pillidh sé'''.<ref>Ó Grianna, S., 1927. ''Cioth is Dealán'' p. 91.</ref></blockquote><br />
<br />
These forms have been recorded in Toraigh <ref>Hamilton, J. N., 1974. ''A phonetic study of the Irish of Tory Island, Co. Donegal'' p. 172 §f.</ref><br />
<br />
== See Also ==<br />
<br />
http://www.nualeargais.ie/gnag/verbend.htm §present tense<br />
<br />
== References ==</div>Beroidhttps://www.celtic-languages.org/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=619Main Page2022-06-05T21:07:20Z<p>Beroid: added a link to "A Guide to Present Tense Forms in -idh"</p>
<hr />
<div><div style="padding: 5px; border:solid 2px #8B4500; background-color:#FFF5EE;"><br />
<br />
{| border="0" cellpadding="10" style="background-color:#FFF5EE;" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
<br />
| valign="top" width="33%" | <br />
<div style="padding: 4px; text-align: center; font-size:130%; border-bottom: solid 2px #8B4500;">[[File:irish.png|16px|baseline]] [[:Category:Irish | Irish / Gaeilge]]</div><br />
<br />
* [[Irish/Getting started | Getting started]]<br />
* [[Irish/Resources | Resources]]<br />
* [[Irish/Dialects | Dialects of Irish]]<br />
* [[Irish/Irish Phonology | Irish Phonology]]<br />
* [[Irish/Present_tense_in_-idh | A Guide to Present Tense Forms in -idh]]<br />
<br />
| valign="top" width="33%" | <br />
<div style="padding: 4px; text-align: center; font-size:130%; border-bottom: solid 2px #8B4500;">[[File:scottish.png|16px|baseline]] [[:Category:Gaelic | Scottish Gaelic / Gàidhlig]]</div><br />
<br />
* [[Gaelic/Getting started | Getting started]]<br />
* [[Gaelic/Resources | Resources]]<br />
* [[Guide to Scottish Gaelic to be, the linking verbs: substantive bi, tha & the copula is | Guide to Scottish Gaelic ''to be'' (''tha'' and ''is'')]]<br />
<br />
| valign="top" width="33%" | <br />
<div style="padding: 4px; text-align: center; font-size:130%; border-bottom: solid 2px #8B4500;">[[File:manx.png|16px|baseline]] [[:Category:Manx | Manx / Gaelg]]</div><br />
<br />
* [[Manx/Getting started | Getting started]]<br />
* [[Manx/Resources | Resources]]<br />
<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| border="0" cellpadding="10" style="background-color:#FFF5EE;" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
<br />
| valign="top" width="33%" | <br />
<br />
<div style="padding: 4px; text-align: center; font-size:130%; border-bottom: solid 2px #8B4500;">[[File:welsh.png|16px|baseline]] [[:Category:Welsh | Welsh / Cymraeg]]</div><br />
<br />
* [[Welsh/Getting started | Getting started]]<br />
* [[Welsh/Resources | Resources]]<br />
<br />
| valign="top" width="33%" | <br />
<br />
<div style="padding: 4px; text-align: center; font-size:130%; border-bottom: solid 2px #8B4500;">[[File:cornish.png|16px|baseline]] [[:Category:Cornish | Cornish / Kernowek]]</div><br />
<br />
* [[Cornish/Getting started | Getting started]]<br />
* [[Cornish/Resources | Resources]]<br />
<br />
<br />
| valign="top" width="33%" | <br />
<div style="padding: 4px; text-align: center; font-size:130%; border-bottom: solid 2px #8B4500;">[[File:breton.png|16px|baseline]] [[:Category:Breton | Breton / Brezhoneg]]</div><br />
<br />
* [[Breton/Getting started | Getting started]]<br />
* [[Breton/Resources | Resources]]<br />
<br />
|-<br />
<br />
| valign="top" width="33%" | <br />
<br />
<div style="padding: 4px; text-align: center; font-size:130%; border-bottom: solid 2px #8B4500;">Historical Irish / Gaelic</div><br />
<br />
* [[:Category:Old Irish | '''Old Irish''' / '''Goídelc''' ]]<br />
:* [[Old Irish/Resources | Resources]]<br />
:* [[Old Irish/Guide to Old Irish spelling | Guide to Old Irish spelling]]<br />
:* [[Old Irish/Morphology | Morphology]]<br />
<br />
* [[:Category:Classical Gaelic | '''Classical Gaelic''' / '''Gáoidhealg''' ]]<br />
:* [[Notes on Classical Gaelic Grammar]]<br />
<br />
| valign="top" width="33%" |<br />
<br />
<div style="padding: 4px; text-align: center; font-size:130%; border-bottom: solid 2px #8B4500;">Community</div><br />
<br />
* [https://discord.gg/Z4z7AmW Discord server]<br />
<br />
| valign="top" width="33%" | <br />
<br />
<div style="padding: 4px; text-align: center; font-size:130%; border-bottom: solid 2px #8B4500;">[[:Category:Help | Help]]</div><br />
<br />
* [[Help:IPA Usage | IPA Usage]]<br />
<br />
| valign="top" width="33%" | <br />
<br />
|}<br />
</div></div>Beroidhttps://www.celtic-languages.org/index.php?title=Irish/Present_tense_in_-idh&diff=618Irish/Present tense in -idh2022-06-05T21:01:09Z<p>Beroid: Created page with "== Present tense forms in -idh == In older forms of the language the 3rd person present verb forms were in -idh, e.g. ''féadaidh sé'', ''ólaidh sé''. These forms are stil..."</p>
<hr />
<div>== Present tense forms in -idh ==<br />
<br />
In older forms of the language the 3rd person present verb forms were in -idh, e.g. ''féadaidh sé'', ''ólaidh sé''. These forms are still used in certain dialects and contexts.<br />
In Teileann they remain as normal present tense forms, in free variation with forms in -ann<ref>Wagner, H., 1979. ''Gaeilge Theilinn'' §277.</ref>. Further north they appear to be only used as a "historical present" in a narrative register.<br />
<br />
== The historical present ==<br />
<br />
The forms in -idh can be used in the narrative register to refer to past actions, for example:<br />
<br />
<blockquote>Ach goidé a rinne sé ach ar bhfeiceáil ar thógáil ruball Árd-na-gaoithe dó, agus '''pillidh sé'''.<ref>Ó Grianna, S., 1927. ''Cioth is Dealán'' p. 91.</ref></blockquote><br />
<br />
These forms have been recorded in Toraigh <ref>Hamilton, J. N., 1974. ''A phonetic study of the Irish of Tory Island, Co. Donegal'' p. 172 §f.</ref><br />
<br />
== References ==</div>Beroidhttps://www.celtic-languages.org/index.php?title=Irish/Resources&diff=40Irish/Resources2021-09-11T15:41:03Z<p>Beroid: /* Spelling and Pronunciation */ fixed typo</p>
<hr />
<div>=Free resources on the internet=<br />
<br />
==Textbooks==<br />
* [http://pages.iu.edu/~bhillers/buntus.html Buntús na Gaeilge] (mostly Standard Irish with a preference for Ulster options, dialect differences are noted)<br />
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732765046152888321/TYI_MilesDillion_1961_Retypeset.pdf Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Retypeset] (dialectal Munster Irish)<br />
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732764925994336406/TYI_MilesDillon_1961_Scanned.pdf Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Scanned] (dialectal Munster Irish)<br />
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732765118319820840/TYI_mp3.zip Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Audio] (dialectal Munster Irish)<br />
The retypeset version of Teach Yourself Irish has the audio built in and more reliable search, but it also has typos.<br />
<br />
==Video series==<br />
* Now You're Talking (Ulster Irish)<br />
** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7nz--LpYC30 Video series on Youtube]<br />
** [https://eolas38.wixsite.com/ultach/copy-of-aonad-1 Textbook + Audio + Video]<br />
* [http://www.ceimaraghaidh.ie/don-fhoghlaimeoir/ Céim Ar Aghaidh] (Ulster Irish, for advanced learners)<br />
<br />
==Podcasts==<br />
* [http://culturlann.org/beginner%20podcast Beginner Podcast series from Cultúrlann Uí Chanáin] (Ulster Irish)<br />
<br />
==Spelling and Pronunciation==<br />
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oIokUII7LX0 Introduction to the Irish spelling] (Video)<br />
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120321160459/http://www.ultach.dsl.pipex.com/ForLearners/UIPron.doc Ulster Irish, A Pronunciation Guide]<br />
* [http://www.fuaimeanna.ie/en/ Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge] (Sounds of Irish with sample recordings in three dialects)<br />
** A site to go along with the book ''Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge''. Contains recordings from native speakers of each main dialect area (specifically, Gaoth Dobhair in Donegal, An Ceathrú Rua in Connemara and Corca Dhuibhne in Kerry) pronouncing each phoneme in the language. The book contains lists of minimal pairs as well.<br />
* [https://www.cogg.ie/wp-content/uploads/Understanding-Irish-Spelling-A-Handbook-for-Teachers-and-Learners-by-Dr.-Nancy-Stenson-and-Dr.-Tina-Hickey-1.pdf Understanding Irish Spelling: A Handbook for Teachers and Learners]<br />
* [https://www.forasnagaeilge.ie/about/an-gum/focloir-poca/?lang=en Foclóir Póca - Description and Phonetic Guide] pdf and audio files containing an introduction to the standardised system of pronunciation sometimes known as "lárchanúint" (central dialect) devised by Dónall Ó Baoill<br />
<br />
==Dictionaries (with pronunciation)==<br />
* [https://www.teanglann.ie/en Teanglann]<br />
** An online version of de Bhaldraithe's English-Irish Dictionary (EID) and Ó Dónall's Foclór Gaeilge-Béarla (FGB), as well as An Foclóir Beag and a grammar tab and pronunciation tab. Very handy to look up words.<br />
* [https://www.focloir.ie/ New English-Irish Dictionary (NEID)]<br />
<br />
==Grammar==<br />
* Gramadach na Gaeilge (GnaG): An online grammar covering just about anything you can think of for Irish. Does contain some mistakes, but the most comprehensive free grammar you can find. (Sometimes a bit technical, but if you can deal with grammar terminology, very useful)<br />
** [http://nualeargais.ie/gnag/gramadac.htm English translation of an older version]<br />
** [http://braesicke.de/gramadac.htm German original version]<br />
* [https://data.oireachtas.ie/ie/oireachtas/caighdeanOifigiul/2017/2017-08-03_an-caighdean-oifigiuil-2017_en.pdf An Caighdeán Oifigiúil] (the official standard; written in Irish)<br />
* [http://www.reimnigh.com/ Réimnigh]: Conjugation tables for common verbs (standard and all three major dialects)<br />
<br />
==Media==<br />
=== Raidió na Gaeltachta (RnaG) ===<br />
[https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/ Raidió na Gaeltachta] is an Irish-language radio station. They broadcast a wide variety of programmes, including:<br />
<br />
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/adhmhaidin/ Adhmhaidin]: A(n) (inter)national current affairs show, with speakers from '''all over Ireland'''<br />
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/an-saol-o-dheas/ An Saol Ó Dheas]: Current affairs from '''Munster''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included<br />
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/barrscealta/ Barrscéalta]: Current affairs in '''Donegal''', usually with presenters from Gaoth Dobhair<br />
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/iris-aniar/ Iris Aniar]: Current affairs in '''Connacht''' and '''Meath''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included<br />
<br />
=== TG4 ===<br />
[https://www.tg4.ie TG4] is the Irish-language television station. Plays a variety of programmes from a variety of different topics. Most programmes only contain burnt-in English subs, but this is changing recently. Various recommended programmes include: <br />
<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/lifestyle-tv-shows/?series=Comhr%C3%A1&genre=Saolchlar Comhrá]: A regular conversation show between iconic host Máirtín Tom Sheáinín and a different guest where he talks with them about their life experiences<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/childrens-tv-shows/ Cúla4]: Kids programming on TG4. Good for children or those who want to practice with vocabulary/structures aimed at a child's ability. Might be boring for adults.<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=Nuacht%20TG4&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Nuacht TG4]: The daily news show. High quality presenters. Contains no subtitles.<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/drama-tv-shows/?series=Ros%20na%20R%C3%BAn%20(S25)&genre=Drama Ros na Rún]: An Irish-language soap opera, running since 1996 with over 1500 episodes. Later seasons have options for English subs or Irish subs. Earlier seasons and episodes can be found on YouTube.<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=7%20L%C3%A1&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Seacht Lá]: Politics and the economy, regional, national and international affairs. Live debate on the major issues of the day with a panel of analysts, experts and political pundits. No subtitles.<br />
<br />
=== Vifax ===<br />
[https://vifax.maynoothuniversity.ie/ Vifax] is a website created and updated by Maynooth University, which takes clips from Nuacht TG4 and transcribes them. They also include questions at various levels (beginner, intermediate, advanced) to help guide listening and focus on listening ability. Very useful resource to practice listening ability.<br />
<br />
There is also a helpful blog post about [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/how-to-best-use-vifax-at-any-level/ how to use Vifax at varying levels].<br />
<br />
==Apps==<br />
As for Duolingo, it's all right when you have the right expectations. I found it useful for vocabulary and just practice in general, but I wouldn't recommend it as the only thing to use.<br />
<br />
==Blogs==<br />
Most of these blogs focus on specific regional dialects.<br />
<br />
===Southern Scotland and East Ulster===<br />
<br />
* [http://dalriada.scot/ dalriada.scot]: "Dail Riada" (Central Argyll), Southern Scotland<br />
* [https://gaidhligarainn.blogspot.com/ gaidhligarainn.blogspot]: Arran, Southern Scotland<br />
* [http://rathlingaelic.blogspot.com/ rathlingaelic.blogspot]: Rathlin<br />
* [https://gaedhilgreachraidh.blogspot.com/ gaedhilgreachraidh.blogspot]: Rathlin<br />
* [http://cluaindaimh.blogspot.com/ cluaindaimh.blogspot]: Cluain Daimh (Clonduff), co. Down<br />
* [http://irishofthefews.blogspot.com/ irishofthefews.blogspot]: the Fews, south co. Armagh<br />
* [http://oirialla.blogspot.com/ oirialla.blogspot]: Oriel<br />
* [https://gaeltachtnaspeirini.blogspot.com/ gaeltachtnaspeirini.blogspot]: the Sperrins, co. Tyrone<br />
* [https://inishowenirish.blogspot.com/ inishowenirish.blogspot]: Inishowen, co. Donegal<br />
<br />
===West Ulster===<br />
<br />
* [https://gaedhilgthoraighe.blogspot.com/ gaedhilgthoraighe.blogspot]: Tory, co. Donegal<br />
* [https://ramasbearoide.blogspot.com/ ramasbearoide.blogspot]: mostly north co. Donegal<br />
* [http://www.rannnafeirste.com/ rannnafeirste.com]: Rann na Feirste, co. Donegal<br />
<br />
===Connaught===<br />
<br />
* [http://gaeilgeiorrais.ie/index.php/canuinti-local-dialects gaeilgeiorrais.ie]: some resources for Iorras, co. Mayo<br />
* [https://www.irishlanguageincountymayo.com/ irishlanguageincountymayo.com]: co. Mayo<br />
* [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/ gaeilgechonamara.com]: Conamara, co. Galway<br />
* [https://gaeiglenalachan.wordpress.com/ gaeiglenalachan.wordpress]: Mionlach, co. Galway<br />
<br />
===Munster===<br />
<br />
* [https://corkirish.wordpress.com/ corkirish.wordpress]: co. Cork<br />
* [https://muiris.net/ muiris.net]: most Cléire (Cape Clear), co. Cork<br />
<br />
===Leinster===<br />
<br />
* [http://kilkennyirish.blogspot.com/ kilkennyirish.blogspot]: co. Kilkenny<br />
* [https://gaeiligchillechoinnigh.blogspot.com/ gaeiligchillechoinnigh.blogspot]: co. Kilkenny<br />
* [http://dublingaelic.blogspot.com/ dublingaelic.blogspot]: Dublin (the historical dialects, not post-revival)<br />
<br />
===General===<br />
<br />
* [https://www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk/oduibhin/index.htm Gaelic Resources - Ciarán Ó Duibhín] mostly West Ulster, some East Ulster and Scottish stuff<br />
<br />
[[Category:Irish]]</div>Beroidhttps://www.celtic-languages.org/index.php?title=Irish/Resources&diff=39Irish/Resources2021-09-11T15:40:38Z<p>Beroid: /* Spelling and Pronunciation */ added lárchanúint</p>
<hr />
<div>=Free resources on the internet=<br />
<br />
==Textbooks==<br />
* [http://pages.iu.edu/~bhillers/buntus.html Buntús na Gaeilge] (mostly Standard Irish with a preference for Ulster options, dialect differences are noted)<br />
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732765046152888321/TYI_MilesDillion_1961_Retypeset.pdf Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Retypeset] (dialectal Munster Irish)<br />
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732764925994336406/TYI_MilesDillon_1961_Scanned.pdf Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Scanned] (dialectal Munster Irish)<br />
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732765118319820840/TYI_mp3.zip Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Audio] (dialectal Munster Irish)<br />
The retypeset version of Teach Yourself Irish has the audio built in and more reliable search, but it also has typos.<br />
<br />
==Video series==<br />
* Now You're Talking (Ulster Irish)<br />
** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7nz--LpYC30 Video series on Youtube]<br />
** [https://eolas38.wixsite.com/ultach/copy-of-aonad-1 Textbook + Audio + Video]<br />
* [http://www.ceimaraghaidh.ie/don-fhoghlaimeoir/ Céim Ar Aghaidh] (Ulster Irish, for advanced learners)<br />
<br />
==Podcasts==<br />
* [http://culturlann.org/beginner%20podcast Beginner Podcast series from Cultúrlann Uí Chanáin] (Ulster Irish)<br />
<br />
==Spelling and Pronunciation==<br />
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oIokUII7LX0 Introduction to the Irish spelling] (Video)<br />
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120321160459/http://www.ultach.dsl.pipex.com/ForLearners/UIPron.doc Ulster Irish, A Pronunciation Guide]<br />
* [http://www.fuaimeanna.ie/en/ Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge] (Sounds of Irish with sample recordings in three dialects)<br />
** A site to go along with the book ''Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge''. Contains recordings from native speakers of each main dialect area (specifically, Gaoth Dobhair in Donegal, An Ceathrú Rua in Connemara and Corca Dhuibhne in Kerry) pronouncing each phoneme in the language. The book contains lists of minimal pairs as well.<br />
* [https://www.cogg.ie/wp-content/uploads/Understanding-Irish-Spelling-A-Handbook-for-Teachers-and-Learners-by-Dr.-Nancy-Stenson-and-Dr.-Tina-Hickey-1.pdf Understanding Irish Spelling: A Handbook for Teachers and Learners]<br />
* [https://www.forasnagaeilge.ie/about/an-gum/focloir-poca/?lang=en Foclóir Póca - Descriptionand Phonetic Guide] pdf and audio files containing an introduction to the standardised system of pronunciation sometimes known as "lárchanúint" (central dialect) devised by Dónall Ó Baoill<br />
<br />
==Dictionaries (with pronunciation)==<br />
* [https://www.teanglann.ie/en Teanglann]<br />
** An online version of de Bhaldraithe's English-Irish Dictionary (EID) and Ó Dónall's Foclór Gaeilge-Béarla (FGB), as well as An Foclóir Beag and a grammar tab and pronunciation tab. Very handy to look up words.<br />
* [https://www.focloir.ie/ New English-Irish Dictionary (NEID)]<br />
<br />
==Grammar==<br />
* Gramadach na Gaeilge (GnaG): An online grammar covering just about anything you can think of for Irish. Does contain some mistakes, but the most comprehensive free grammar you can find. (Sometimes a bit technical, but if you can deal with grammar terminology, very useful)<br />
** [http://nualeargais.ie/gnag/gramadac.htm English translation of an older version]<br />
** [http://braesicke.de/gramadac.htm German original version]<br />
* [https://data.oireachtas.ie/ie/oireachtas/caighdeanOifigiul/2017/2017-08-03_an-caighdean-oifigiuil-2017_en.pdf An Caighdeán Oifigiúil] (the official standard; written in Irish)<br />
* [http://www.reimnigh.com/ Réimnigh]: Conjugation tables for common verbs (standard and all three major dialects)<br />
<br />
==Media==<br />
=== Raidió na Gaeltachta (RnaG) ===<br />
[https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/ Raidió na Gaeltachta] is an Irish-language radio station. They broadcast a wide variety of programmes, including:<br />
<br />
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/adhmhaidin/ Adhmhaidin]: A(n) (inter)national current affairs show, with speakers from '''all over Ireland'''<br />
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/an-saol-o-dheas/ An Saol Ó Dheas]: Current affairs from '''Munster''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included<br />
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/barrscealta/ Barrscéalta]: Current affairs in '''Donegal''', usually with presenters from Gaoth Dobhair<br />
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/iris-aniar/ Iris Aniar]: Current affairs in '''Connacht''' and '''Meath''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included<br />
<br />
=== TG4 ===<br />
[https://www.tg4.ie TG4] is the Irish-language television station. Plays a variety of programmes from a variety of different topics. Most programmes only contain burnt-in English subs, but this is changing recently. Various recommended programmes include: <br />
<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/lifestyle-tv-shows/?series=Comhr%C3%A1&genre=Saolchlar Comhrá]: A regular conversation show between iconic host Máirtín Tom Sheáinín and a different guest where he talks with them about their life experiences<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/childrens-tv-shows/ Cúla4]: Kids programming on TG4. Good for children or those who want to practice with vocabulary/structures aimed at a child's ability. Might be boring for adults.<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=Nuacht%20TG4&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Nuacht TG4]: The daily news show. High quality presenters. Contains no subtitles.<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/drama-tv-shows/?series=Ros%20na%20R%C3%BAn%20(S25)&genre=Drama Ros na Rún]: An Irish-language soap opera, running since 1996 with over 1500 episodes. Later seasons have options for English subs or Irish subs. Earlier seasons and episodes can be found on YouTube.<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=7%20L%C3%A1&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Seacht Lá]: Politics and the economy, regional, national and international affairs. Live debate on the major issues of the day with a panel of analysts, experts and political pundits. No subtitles.<br />
<br />
=== Vifax ===<br />
[https://vifax.maynoothuniversity.ie/ Vifax] is a website created and updated by Maynooth University, which takes clips from Nuacht TG4 and transcribes them. They also include questions at various levels (beginner, intermediate, advanced) to help guide listening and focus on listening ability. Very useful resource to practice listening ability.<br />
<br />
There is also a helpful blog post about [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/how-to-best-use-vifax-at-any-level/ how to use Vifax at varying levels].<br />
<br />
==Apps==<br />
As for Duolingo, it's all right when you have the right expectations. I found it useful for vocabulary and just practice in general, but I wouldn't recommend it as the only thing to use.<br />
<br />
==Blogs==<br />
Most of these blogs focus on specific regional dialects.<br />
<br />
===Southern Scotland and East Ulster===<br />
<br />
* [http://dalriada.scot/ dalriada.scot]: "Dail Riada" (Central Argyll), Southern Scotland<br />
* [https://gaidhligarainn.blogspot.com/ gaidhligarainn.blogspot]: Arran, Southern Scotland<br />
* [http://rathlingaelic.blogspot.com/ rathlingaelic.blogspot]: Rathlin<br />
* [https://gaedhilgreachraidh.blogspot.com/ gaedhilgreachraidh.blogspot]: Rathlin<br />
* [http://cluaindaimh.blogspot.com/ cluaindaimh.blogspot]: Cluain Daimh (Clonduff), co. Down<br />
* [http://irishofthefews.blogspot.com/ irishofthefews.blogspot]: the Fews, south co. Armagh<br />
* [http://oirialla.blogspot.com/ oirialla.blogspot]: Oriel<br />
* [https://gaeltachtnaspeirini.blogspot.com/ gaeltachtnaspeirini.blogspot]: the Sperrins, co. Tyrone<br />
* [https://inishowenirish.blogspot.com/ inishowenirish.blogspot]: Inishowen, co. Donegal<br />
<br />
===West Ulster===<br />
<br />
* [https://gaedhilgthoraighe.blogspot.com/ gaedhilgthoraighe.blogspot]: Tory, co. Donegal<br />
* [https://ramasbearoide.blogspot.com/ ramasbearoide.blogspot]: mostly north co. Donegal<br />
* [http://www.rannnafeirste.com/ rannnafeirste.com]: Rann na Feirste, co. Donegal<br />
<br />
===Connaught===<br />
<br />
* [http://gaeilgeiorrais.ie/index.php/canuinti-local-dialects gaeilgeiorrais.ie]: some resources for Iorras, co. Mayo<br />
* [https://www.irishlanguageincountymayo.com/ irishlanguageincountymayo.com]: co. Mayo<br />
* [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/ gaeilgechonamara.com]: Conamara, co. Galway<br />
* [https://gaeiglenalachan.wordpress.com/ gaeiglenalachan.wordpress]: Mionlach, co. Galway<br />
<br />
===Munster===<br />
<br />
* [https://corkirish.wordpress.com/ corkirish.wordpress]: co. Cork<br />
* [https://muiris.net/ muiris.net]: most Cléire (Cape Clear), co. Cork<br />
<br />
===Leinster===<br />
<br />
* [http://kilkennyirish.blogspot.com/ kilkennyirish.blogspot]: co. Kilkenny<br />
* [https://gaeiligchillechoinnigh.blogspot.com/ gaeiligchillechoinnigh.blogspot]: co. Kilkenny<br />
* [http://dublingaelic.blogspot.com/ dublingaelic.blogspot]: Dublin (the historical dialects, not post-revival)<br />
<br />
===General===<br />
<br />
* [https://www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk/oduibhin/index.htm Gaelic Resources - Ciarán Ó Duibhín] mostly West Ulster, some East Ulster and Scottish stuff<br />
<br />
[[Category:Irish]]</div>Beroidhttps://www.celtic-languages.org/index.php?title=Irish/Resources&diff=38Irish/Resources2021-09-11T15:34:00Z<p>Beroid: /* Blogs */</p>
<hr />
<div>=Free resources on the internet=<br />
<br />
==Textbooks==<br />
* [http://pages.iu.edu/~bhillers/buntus.html Buntús na Gaeilge] (mostly Standard Irish with a preference for Ulster options, dialect differences are noted)<br />
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732765046152888321/TYI_MilesDillion_1961_Retypeset.pdf Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Retypeset] (dialectal Munster Irish)<br />
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732764925994336406/TYI_MilesDillon_1961_Scanned.pdf Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Scanned] (dialectal Munster Irish)<br />
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732765118319820840/TYI_mp3.zip Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Audio] (dialectal Munster Irish)<br />
The retypeset version of Teach Yourself Irish has the audio built in and more reliable search, but it also has typos.<br />
<br />
==Video series==<br />
* Now You're Talking (Ulster Irish)<br />
** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7nz--LpYC30 Video series on Youtube]<br />
** [https://eolas38.wixsite.com/ultach/copy-of-aonad-1 Textbook + Audio + Video]<br />
* [http://www.ceimaraghaidh.ie/don-fhoghlaimeoir/ Céim Ar Aghaidh] (Ulster Irish, for advanced learners)<br />
<br />
==Podcasts==<br />
* [http://culturlann.org/beginner%20podcast Beginner Podcast series from Cultúrlann Uí Chanáin] (Ulster Irish)<br />
<br />
==Spelling and Pronunciation==<br />
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oIokUII7LX0 Introduction to the Irish spelling] (Video)<br />
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120321160459/http://www.ultach.dsl.pipex.com/ForLearners/UIPron.doc Ulster Irish, A Pronunciation Guide]<br />
* [http://www.fuaimeanna.ie/en/ Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge] (Sounds of Irish with sample recordings in three dialects)<br />
** A site to go along with the book ''Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge''. Contains recordings from native speakers of each main dialect area (specifically, Gaoth Dobhair in Donegal, An Ceathrú Rua in Connemara and Corca Dhuibhne in Kerry) pronouncing each phoneme in the language. The book contains lists of minimal pairs as well.<br />
* [https://www.cogg.ie/wp-content/uploads/Understanding-Irish-Spelling-A-Handbook-for-Teachers-and-Learners-by-Dr.-Nancy-Stenson-and-Dr.-Tina-Hickey-1.pdf Understanding Irish Spelling: A Handbook for Teachers and Learners]<br />
<br />
==Dictionaries (with pronunciation)==<br />
* [https://www.teanglann.ie/en Teanglann]<br />
** An online version of de Bhaldraithe's English-Irish Dictionary (EID) and Ó Dónall's Foclór Gaeilge-Béarla (FGB), as well as An Foclóir Beag and a grammar tab and pronunciation tab. Very handy to look up words.<br />
* [https://www.focloir.ie/ New English-Irish Dictionary (NEID)]<br />
<br />
==Grammar==<br />
* Gramadach na Gaeilge (GnaG): An online grammar covering just about anything you can think of for Irish. Does contain some mistakes, but the most comprehensive free grammar you can find. (Sometimes a bit technical, but if you can deal with grammar terminology, very useful)<br />
** [http://nualeargais.ie/gnag/gramadac.htm English translation of an older version]<br />
** [http://braesicke.de/gramadac.htm German original version]<br />
* [https://data.oireachtas.ie/ie/oireachtas/caighdeanOifigiul/2017/2017-08-03_an-caighdean-oifigiuil-2017_en.pdf An Caighdeán Oifigiúil] (the official standard; written in Irish)<br />
* [http://www.reimnigh.com/ Réimnigh]: Conjugation tables for common verbs (standard and all three major dialects)<br />
<br />
==Media==<br />
=== Raidió na Gaeltachta (RnaG) ===<br />
[https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/ Raidió na Gaeltachta] is an Irish-language radio station. They broadcast a wide variety of programmes, including:<br />
<br />
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/adhmhaidin/ Adhmhaidin]: A(n) (inter)national current affairs show, with speakers from '''all over Ireland'''<br />
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/an-saol-o-dheas/ An Saol Ó Dheas]: Current affairs from '''Munster''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included<br />
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/barrscealta/ Barrscéalta]: Current affairs in '''Donegal''', usually with presenters from Gaoth Dobhair<br />
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/iris-aniar/ Iris Aniar]: Current affairs in '''Connacht''' and '''Meath''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included<br />
<br />
=== TG4 ===<br />
[https://www.tg4.ie TG4] is the Irish-language television station. Plays a variety of programmes from a variety of different topics. Most programmes only contain burnt-in English subs, but this is changing recently. Various recommended programmes include: <br />
<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/lifestyle-tv-shows/?series=Comhr%C3%A1&genre=Saolchlar Comhrá]: A regular conversation show between iconic host Máirtín Tom Sheáinín and a different guest where he talks with them about their life experiences<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/childrens-tv-shows/ Cúla4]: Kids programming on TG4. Good for children or those who want to practice with vocabulary/structures aimed at a child's ability. Might be boring for adults.<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=Nuacht%20TG4&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Nuacht TG4]: The daily news show. High quality presenters. Contains no subtitles.<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/drama-tv-shows/?series=Ros%20na%20R%C3%BAn%20(S25)&genre=Drama Ros na Rún]: An Irish-language soap opera, running since 1996 with over 1500 episodes. Later seasons have options for English subs or Irish subs. Earlier seasons and episodes can be found on YouTube.<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=7%20L%C3%A1&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Seacht Lá]: Politics and the economy, regional, national and international affairs. Live debate on the major issues of the day with a panel of analysts, experts and political pundits. No subtitles.<br />
<br />
=== Vifax ===<br />
[https://vifax.maynoothuniversity.ie/ Vifax] is a website created and updated by Maynooth University, which takes clips from Nuacht TG4 and transcribes them. They also include questions at various levels (beginner, intermediate, advanced) to help guide listening and focus on listening ability. Very useful resource to practice listening ability.<br />
<br />
There is also a helpful blog post about [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/how-to-best-use-vifax-at-any-level/ how to use Vifax at varying levels].<br />
<br />
==Apps==<br />
As for Duolingo, it's all right when you have the right expectations. I found it useful for vocabulary and just practice in general, but I wouldn't recommend it as the only thing to use.<br />
<br />
==Blogs==<br />
Most of these blogs focus on specific regional dialects.<br />
<br />
===Southern Scotland and East Ulster===<br />
<br />
* [http://dalriada.scot/ dalriada.scot]: "Dail Riada" (Central Argyll), Southern Scotland<br />
* [https://gaidhligarainn.blogspot.com/ gaidhligarainn.blogspot]: Arran, Southern Scotland<br />
* [http://rathlingaelic.blogspot.com/ rathlingaelic.blogspot]: Rathlin<br />
* [https://gaedhilgreachraidh.blogspot.com/ gaedhilgreachraidh.blogspot]: Rathlin<br />
* [http://cluaindaimh.blogspot.com/ cluaindaimh.blogspot]: Cluain Daimh (Clonduff), co. Down<br />
* [http://irishofthefews.blogspot.com/ irishofthefews.blogspot]: the Fews, south co. Armagh<br />
* [http://oirialla.blogspot.com/ oirialla.blogspot]: Oriel<br />
* [https://gaeltachtnaspeirini.blogspot.com/ gaeltachtnaspeirini.blogspot]: the Sperrins, co. Tyrone<br />
* [https://inishowenirish.blogspot.com/ inishowenirish.blogspot]: Inishowen, co. Donegal<br />
<br />
===West Ulster===<br />
<br />
* [https://gaedhilgthoraighe.blogspot.com/ gaedhilgthoraighe.blogspot]: Tory, co. Donegal<br />
* [https://ramasbearoide.blogspot.com/ ramasbearoide.blogspot]: mostly north co. Donegal<br />
* [http://www.rannnafeirste.com/ rannnafeirste.com]: Rann na Feirste, co. Donegal<br />
<br />
===Connaught===<br />
<br />
* [http://gaeilgeiorrais.ie/index.php/canuinti-local-dialects gaeilgeiorrais.ie]: some resources for Iorras, co. Mayo<br />
* [https://www.irishlanguageincountymayo.com/ irishlanguageincountymayo.com]: co. Mayo<br />
* [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/ gaeilgechonamara.com]: Conamara, co. Galway<br />
* [https://gaeiglenalachan.wordpress.com/ gaeiglenalachan.wordpress]: Mionlach, co. Galway<br />
<br />
===Munster===<br />
<br />
* [https://corkirish.wordpress.com/ corkirish.wordpress]: co. Cork<br />
* [https://muiris.net/ muiris.net]: most Cléire (Cape Clear), co. Cork<br />
<br />
===Leinster===<br />
<br />
* [http://kilkennyirish.blogspot.com/ kilkennyirish.blogspot]: co. Kilkenny<br />
* [https://gaeiligchillechoinnigh.blogspot.com/ gaeiligchillechoinnigh.blogspot]: co. Kilkenny<br />
* [http://dublingaelic.blogspot.com/ dublingaelic.blogspot]: Dublin (the historical dialects, not post-revival)<br />
<br />
===General===<br />
<br />
* [https://www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk/oduibhin/index.htm Gaelic Resources - Ciarán Ó Duibhín] mostly West Ulster, some East Ulster and Scottish stuff<br />
<br />
[[Category:Irish]]</div>Beroidhttps://www.celtic-languages.org/index.php?title=Irish/Resources&diff=37Irish/Resources2021-09-11T15:29:57Z<p>Beroid: /* Scotland and East Ulster */</p>
<hr />
<div>=Free resources on the internet=<br />
<br />
==Textbooks==<br />
* [http://pages.iu.edu/~bhillers/buntus.html Buntús na Gaeilge] (mostly Standard Irish with a preference for Ulster options, dialect differences are noted)<br />
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732765046152888321/TYI_MilesDillion_1961_Retypeset.pdf Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Retypeset] (dialectal Munster Irish)<br />
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732764925994336406/TYI_MilesDillon_1961_Scanned.pdf Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Scanned] (dialectal Munster Irish)<br />
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732765118319820840/TYI_mp3.zip Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Audio] (dialectal Munster Irish)<br />
The retypeset version of Teach Yourself Irish has the audio built in and more reliable search, but it also has typos.<br />
<br />
==Video series==<br />
* Now You're Talking (Ulster Irish)<br />
** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7nz--LpYC30 Video series on Youtube]<br />
** [https://eolas38.wixsite.com/ultach/copy-of-aonad-1 Textbook + Audio + Video]<br />
* [http://www.ceimaraghaidh.ie/don-fhoghlaimeoir/ Céim Ar Aghaidh] (Ulster Irish, for advanced learners)<br />
<br />
==Podcasts==<br />
* [http://culturlann.org/beginner%20podcast Beginner Podcast series from Cultúrlann Uí Chanáin] (Ulster Irish)<br />
<br />
==Spelling and Pronunciation==<br />
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oIokUII7LX0 Introduction to the Irish spelling] (Video)<br />
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120321160459/http://www.ultach.dsl.pipex.com/ForLearners/UIPron.doc Ulster Irish, A Pronunciation Guide]<br />
* [http://www.fuaimeanna.ie/en/ Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge] (Sounds of Irish with sample recordings in three dialects)<br />
** A site to go along with the book ''Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge''. Contains recordings from native speakers of each main dialect area (specifically, Gaoth Dobhair in Donegal, An Ceathrú Rua in Connemara and Corca Dhuibhne in Kerry) pronouncing each phoneme in the language. The book contains lists of minimal pairs as well.<br />
* [https://www.cogg.ie/wp-content/uploads/Understanding-Irish-Spelling-A-Handbook-for-Teachers-and-Learners-by-Dr.-Nancy-Stenson-and-Dr.-Tina-Hickey-1.pdf Understanding Irish Spelling: A Handbook for Teachers and Learners]<br />
<br />
==Dictionaries (with pronunciation)==<br />
* [https://www.teanglann.ie/en Teanglann]<br />
** An online version of de Bhaldraithe's English-Irish Dictionary (EID) and Ó Dónall's Foclór Gaeilge-Béarla (FGB), as well as An Foclóir Beag and a grammar tab and pronunciation tab. Very handy to look up words.<br />
* [https://www.focloir.ie/ New English-Irish Dictionary (NEID)]<br />
<br />
==Grammar==<br />
* Gramadach na Gaeilge (GnaG): An online grammar covering just about anything you can think of for Irish. Does contain some mistakes, but the most comprehensive free grammar you can find. (Sometimes a bit technical, but if you can deal with grammar terminology, very useful)<br />
** [http://nualeargais.ie/gnag/gramadac.htm English translation of an older version]<br />
** [http://braesicke.de/gramadac.htm German original version]<br />
* [https://data.oireachtas.ie/ie/oireachtas/caighdeanOifigiul/2017/2017-08-03_an-caighdean-oifigiuil-2017_en.pdf An Caighdeán Oifigiúil] (the official standard; written in Irish)<br />
* [http://www.reimnigh.com/ Réimnigh]: Conjugation tables for common verbs (standard and all three major dialects)<br />
<br />
==Media==<br />
=== Raidió na Gaeltachta (RnaG) ===<br />
[https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/ Raidió na Gaeltachta] is an Irish-language radio station. They broadcast a wide variety of programmes, including:<br />
<br />
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/adhmhaidin/ Adhmhaidin]: A(n) (inter)national current affairs show, with speakers from '''all over Ireland'''<br />
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/an-saol-o-dheas/ An Saol Ó Dheas]: Current affairs from '''Munster''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included<br />
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/barrscealta/ Barrscéalta]: Current affairs in '''Donegal''', usually with presenters from Gaoth Dobhair<br />
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/iris-aniar/ Iris Aniar]: Current affairs in '''Connacht''' and '''Meath''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included<br />
<br />
=== TG4 ===<br />
[https://www.tg4.ie TG4] is the Irish-language television station. Plays a variety of programmes from a variety of different topics. Most programmes only contain burnt-in English subs, but this is changing recently. Various recommended programmes include: <br />
<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/lifestyle-tv-shows/?series=Comhr%C3%A1&genre=Saolchlar Comhrá]: A regular conversation show between iconic host Máirtín Tom Sheáinín and a different guest where he talks with them about their life experiences<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/childrens-tv-shows/ Cúla4]: Kids programming on TG4. Good for children or those who want to practice with vocabulary/structures aimed at a child's ability. Might be boring for adults.<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=Nuacht%20TG4&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Nuacht TG4]: The daily news show. High quality presenters. Contains no subtitles.<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/drama-tv-shows/?series=Ros%20na%20R%C3%BAn%20(S25)&genre=Drama Ros na Rún]: An Irish-language soap opera, running since 1996 with over 1500 episodes. Later seasons have options for English subs or Irish subs. Earlier seasons and episodes can be found on YouTube.<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=7%20L%C3%A1&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Seacht Lá]: Politics and the economy, regional, national and international affairs. Live debate on the major issues of the day with a panel of analysts, experts and political pundits. No subtitles.<br />
<br />
=== Vifax ===<br />
[https://vifax.maynoothuniversity.ie/ Vifax] is a website created and updated by Maynooth University, which takes clips from Nuacht TG4 and transcribes them. They also include questions at various levels (beginner, intermediate, advanced) to help guide listening and focus on listening ability. Very useful resource to practice listening ability.<br />
<br />
There is also a helpful blog post about [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/how-to-best-use-vifax-at-any-level/ how to use Vifax at varying levels].<br />
<br />
==Apps==<br />
As for Duolingo, it's all right when you have the right expectations. I found it useful for vocabulary and just practice in general, but I wouldn't recommend it as the only thing to use.<br />
<br />
==Blogs==<br />
Most of these blogs focus on specific regional dialects.<br />
<br />
===Southern Scotland and East Ulster===<br />
<br />
* [http://dalriada.scot/ dalriada.scot]: "Dail Riada" (Central Argyll), Southern Scotland<br />
* [https://gaidhligarainn.blogspot.com/ gaidhligarainn.blogspot]: Arran, Southern Scotland<br />
* [http://rathlingaelic.blogspot.com/ rathlingaelic.blogspot]: Rathlin<br />
* [https://gaedhilgreachraidh.blogspot.com/ gaedhilgreachraidh.blogspot]: Rathlin<br />
* [http://cluaindaimh.blogspot.com/ cluaindaimh.blogspot]: Cluain Daimh (Clonduff), co. Down<br />
* [http://irishofthefews.blogspot.com/ irishofthefews.blogspot]: the Fews, south co. Armagh<br />
* [http://oirialla.blogspot.com/ oirialla.blogspot]: Oriel<br />
* [https://gaeltachtnaspeirini.blogspot.com/ gaeltachtnaspeirini.blogspot]: the Sperrins, co. Tyrone<br />
* [https://inishowenirish.blogspot.com/ inishowenirish.blogspot]: Inishowen, co. Donegal<br />
<br />
===West Ulster===<br />
<br />
* [https://gaedhilgthoraighe.blogspot.com/ gaedhilgthoraighe.blogspot]: Tory, co. Donegal<br />
* [https://ramasbearoide.blogspot.com/ ramasbearoide.blogspot]: mostly north co. Donegal<br />
* [http://www.rannnafeirste.com/ rannnafeirste.com]: Rann na Feirste, co. Donegal<br />
<br />
===Connaught===<br />
<br />
* [http://gaeilgeiorrais.ie/index.php/canuinti-local-dialects gaeilgeiorrais.ie]: some resources for Iorras, co. Mayo<br />
* [https://www.irishlanguageincountymayo.com/ irishlanguageincountymayo.com]: co. Mayo<br />
* [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/ gaeilgechonamara.com]: Conamara, co. Galway<br />
* [https://gaeiglenalachan.wordpress.com/ gaeiglenalachan.wordpress]: Mionlach, co. Galway<br />
<br />
===Munster===<br />
<br />
* [https://corkirish.wordpress.com/ corkirish.wordpress]: co. Cork<br />
* [https://muiris.net/ muiris.net]: most Cléire (Cape Clear), co. Cork<br />
<br />
===Leinster===<br />
<br />
* [http://kilkennyirish.blogspot.com/ kilkennyirish.blogspot]: co. Kilkenny<br />
* [https://gaeiligchillechoinnigh.blogspot.com/ gaeiligchillechoinnigh.blogspot]: co. Kilkenny<br />
* [http://dublingaelic.blogspot.com/ dublingaelic.blogspot]: Dublin (the historical dialects, not post-revival)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Irish]]</div>Beroidhttps://www.celtic-languages.org/index.php?title=Irish/Resources&diff=36Irish/Resources2021-09-11T15:23:46Z<p>Beroid: added labels to blogs</p>
<hr />
<div>=Free resources on the internet=<br />
<br />
==Textbooks==<br />
* [http://pages.iu.edu/~bhillers/buntus.html Buntús na Gaeilge] (mostly Standard Irish with a preference for Ulster options, dialect differences are noted)<br />
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732765046152888321/TYI_MilesDillion_1961_Retypeset.pdf Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Retypeset] (dialectal Munster Irish)<br />
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732764925994336406/TYI_MilesDillon_1961_Scanned.pdf Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Scanned] (dialectal Munster Irish)<br />
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732765118319820840/TYI_mp3.zip Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Audio] (dialectal Munster Irish)<br />
The retypeset version of Teach Yourself Irish has the audio built in and more reliable search, but it also has typos.<br />
<br />
==Video series==<br />
* Now You're Talking (Ulster Irish)<br />
** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7nz--LpYC30 Video series on Youtube]<br />
** [https://eolas38.wixsite.com/ultach/copy-of-aonad-1 Textbook + Audio + Video]<br />
* [http://www.ceimaraghaidh.ie/don-fhoghlaimeoir/ Céim Ar Aghaidh] (Ulster Irish, for advanced learners)<br />
<br />
==Podcasts==<br />
* [http://culturlann.org/beginner%20podcast Beginner Podcast series from Cultúrlann Uí Chanáin] (Ulster Irish)<br />
<br />
==Spelling and Pronunciation==<br />
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oIokUII7LX0 Introduction to the Irish spelling] (Video)<br />
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120321160459/http://www.ultach.dsl.pipex.com/ForLearners/UIPron.doc Ulster Irish, A Pronunciation Guide]<br />
* [http://www.fuaimeanna.ie/en/ Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge] (Sounds of Irish with sample recordings in three dialects)<br />
** A site to go along with the book ''Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge''. Contains recordings from native speakers of each main dialect area (specifically, Gaoth Dobhair in Donegal, An Ceathrú Rua in Connemara and Corca Dhuibhne in Kerry) pronouncing each phoneme in the language. The book contains lists of minimal pairs as well.<br />
* [https://www.cogg.ie/wp-content/uploads/Understanding-Irish-Spelling-A-Handbook-for-Teachers-and-Learners-by-Dr.-Nancy-Stenson-and-Dr.-Tina-Hickey-1.pdf Understanding Irish Spelling: A Handbook for Teachers and Learners]<br />
<br />
==Dictionaries (with pronunciation)==<br />
* [https://www.teanglann.ie/en Teanglann]<br />
** An online version of de Bhaldraithe's English-Irish Dictionary (EID) and Ó Dónall's Foclór Gaeilge-Béarla (FGB), as well as An Foclóir Beag and a grammar tab and pronunciation tab. Very handy to look up words.<br />
* [https://www.focloir.ie/ New English-Irish Dictionary (NEID)]<br />
<br />
==Grammar==<br />
* Gramadach na Gaeilge (GnaG): An online grammar covering just about anything you can think of for Irish. Does contain some mistakes, but the most comprehensive free grammar you can find. (Sometimes a bit technical, but if you can deal with grammar terminology, very useful)<br />
** [http://nualeargais.ie/gnag/gramadac.htm English translation of an older version]<br />
** [http://braesicke.de/gramadac.htm German original version]<br />
* [https://data.oireachtas.ie/ie/oireachtas/caighdeanOifigiul/2017/2017-08-03_an-caighdean-oifigiuil-2017_en.pdf An Caighdeán Oifigiúil] (the official standard; written in Irish)<br />
* [http://www.reimnigh.com/ Réimnigh]: Conjugation tables for common verbs (standard and all three major dialects)<br />
<br />
==Media==<br />
=== Raidió na Gaeltachta (RnaG) ===<br />
[https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/ Raidió na Gaeltachta] is an Irish-language radio station. They broadcast a wide variety of programmes, including:<br />
<br />
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/adhmhaidin/ Adhmhaidin]: A(n) (inter)national current affairs show, with speakers from '''all over Ireland'''<br />
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/an-saol-o-dheas/ An Saol Ó Dheas]: Current affairs from '''Munster''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included<br />
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/barrscealta/ Barrscéalta]: Current affairs in '''Donegal''', usually with presenters from Gaoth Dobhair<br />
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/iris-aniar/ Iris Aniar]: Current affairs in '''Connacht''' and '''Meath''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included<br />
<br />
=== TG4 ===<br />
[https://www.tg4.ie TG4] is the Irish-language television station. Plays a variety of programmes from a variety of different topics. Most programmes only contain burnt-in English subs, but this is changing recently. Various recommended programmes include: <br />
<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/lifestyle-tv-shows/?series=Comhr%C3%A1&genre=Saolchlar Comhrá]: A regular conversation show between iconic host Máirtín Tom Sheáinín and a different guest where he talks with them about their life experiences<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/childrens-tv-shows/ Cúla4]: Kids programming on TG4. Good for children or those who want to practice with vocabulary/structures aimed at a child's ability. Might be boring for adults.<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=Nuacht%20TG4&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Nuacht TG4]: The daily news show. High quality presenters. Contains no subtitles.<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/drama-tv-shows/?series=Ros%20na%20R%C3%BAn%20(S25)&genre=Drama Ros na Rún]: An Irish-language soap opera, running since 1996 with over 1500 episodes. Later seasons have options for English subs or Irish subs. Earlier seasons and episodes can be found on YouTube.<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=7%20L%C3%A1&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Seacht Lá]: Politics and the economy, regional, national and international affairs. Live debate on the major issues of the day with a panel of analysts, experts and political pundits. No subtitles.<br />
<br />
=== Vifax ===<br />
[https://vifax.maynoothuniversity.ie/ Vifax] is a website created and updated by Maynooth University, which takes clips from Nuacht TG4 and transcribes them. They also include questions at various levels (beginner, intermediate, advanced) to help guide listening and focus on listening ability. Very useful resource to practice listening ability.<br />
<br />
There is also a helpful blog post about [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/how-to-best-use-vifax-at-any-level/ how to use Vifax at varying levels].<br />
<br />
==Apps==<br />
As for Duolingo, it's all right when you have the right expectations. I found it useful for vocabulary and just practice in general, but I wouldn't recommend it as the only thing to use.<br />
<br />
==Blogs==<br />
Most of these blogs focus on specific regional dialects.<br />
<br />
===Scotland and East Ulster===<br />
<br />
* [http://dalriada.scot/ dalriada.scot]: "Dail Riada" (Central Argyll), Southern Scotland<br />
* [https://gaidhligarainn.blogspot.com/ gaidhligarainn.blogspot]: Arran, Southern Scotland<br />
* [http://rathlingaelic.blogspot.com/ rathlingaelic.blogspot]: Rathlin<br />
* [https://gaedhilgreachraidh.blogspot.com/ gaedhilgreachraidh.blogspot]: Rathlin<br />
* [http://cluaindaimh.blogspot.com/ cluaindaimh.blogspot]: Cluain Daimh (Clonduff), co. Down<br />
* [http://irishofthefews.blogspot.com/ irishofthefews.blogspot]: the Fews, south co. Armagh<br />
* [http://oirialla.blogspot.com/ oirialla.blogspot]: Oriel<br />
* [https://gaeltachtnaspeirini.blogspot.com/ gaeltachtnaspeirini.blogspot]: the Sperrins, co. Tyrone<br />
* [https://inishowenirish.blogspot.com/ inishowenirish.blogspot]: Inishowen, co. Donegal<br />
<br />
===West Ulster===<br />
<br />
* [https://gaedhilgthoraighe.blogspot.com/ gaedhilgthoraighe.blogspot]: Tory, co. Donegal<br />
* [https://ramasbearoide.blogspot.com/ ramasbearoide.blogspot]: mostly north co. Donegal<br />
* [http://www.rannnafeirste.com/ rannnafeirste.com]: Rann na Feirste, co. Donegal<br />
<br />
===Connaught===<br />
<br />
* [http://gaeilgeiorrais.ie/index.php/canuinti-local-dialects gaeilgeiorrais.ie]: some resources for Iorras, co. Mayo<br />
* [https://www.irishlanguageincountymayo.com/ irishlanguageincountymayo.com]: co. Mayo<br />
* [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/ gaeilgechonamara.com]: Conamara, co. Galway<br />
* [https://gaeiglenalachan.wordpress.com/ gaeiglenalachan.wordpress]: Mionlach, co. Galway<br />
<br />
===Munster===<br />
<br />
* [https://corkirish.wordpress.com/ corkirish.wordpress]: co. Cork<br />
* [https://muiris.net/ muiris.net]: most Cléire (Cape Clear), co. Cork<br />
<br />
===Leinster===<br />
<br />
* [http://kilkennyirish.blogspot.com/ kilkennyirish.blogspot]: co. Kilkenny<br />
* [https://gaeiligchillechoinnigh.blogspot.com/ gaeiligchillechoinnigh.blogspot]: co. Kilkenny<br />
* [http://dublingaelic.blogspot.com/ dublingaelic.blogspot]: Dublin (the historical dialects, not post-revival)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Irish]]</div>Beroidhttps://www.celtic-languages.org/index.php?title=Irish/Resources&diff=35Irish/Resources2021-09-11T15:18:36Z<p>Beroid: added blogs</p>
<hr />
<div>=Free resources on the internet=<br />
<br />
==Textbooks==<br />
* [http://pages.iu.edu/~bhillers/buntus.html Buntús na Gaeilge] (mostly Standard Irish with a preference for Ulster options, dialect differences are noted)<br />
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732765046152888321/TYI_MilesDillion_1961_Retypeset.pdf Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Retypeset] (dialectal Munster Irish)<br />
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732764925994336406/TYI_MilesDillon_1961_Scanned.pdf Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Scanned] (dialectal Munster Irish)<br />
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732765118319820840/TYI_mp3.zip Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Audio] (dialectal Munster Irish)<br />
The retypeset version of Teach Yourself Irish has the audio built in and more reliable search, but it also has typos.<br />
<br />
==Video series==<br />
* Now You're Talking (Ulster Irish)<br />
** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7nz--LpYC30 Video series on Youtube]<br />
** [https://eolas38.wixsite.com/ultach/copy-of-aonad-1 Textbook + Audio + Video]<br />
* [http://www.ceimaraghaidh.ie/don-fhoghlaimeoir/ Céim Ar Aghaidh] (Ulster Irish, for advanced learners)<br />
<br />
==Podcasts==<br />
* [http://culturlann.org/beginner%20podcast Beginner Podcast series from Cultúrlann Uí Chanáin] (Ulster Irish)<br />
<br />
==Spelling and Pronunciation==<br />
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oIokUII7LX0 Introduction to the Irish spelling] (Video)<br />
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120321160459/http://www.ultach.dsl.pipex.com/ForLearners/UIPron.doc Ulster Irish, A Pronunciation Guide]<br />
* [http://www.fuaimeanna.ie/en/ Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge] (Sounds of Irish with sample recordings in three dialects)<br />
** A site to go along with the book ''Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge''. Contains recordings from native speakers of each main dialect area (specifically, Gaoth Dobhair in Donegal, An Ceathrú Rua in Connemara and Corca Dhuibhne in Kerry) pronouncing each phoneme in the language. The book contains lists of minimal pairs as well.<br />
* [https://www.cogg.ie/wp-content/uploads/Understanding-Irish-Spelling-A-Handbook-for-Teachers-and-Learners-by-Dr.-Nancy-Stenson-and-Dr.-Tina-Hickey-1.pdf Understanding Irish Spelling: A Handbook for Teachers and Learners]<br />
<br />
==Dictionaries (with pronunciation)==<br />
* [https://www.teanglann.ie/en Teanglann]<br />
** An online version of de Bhaldraithe's English-Irish Dictionary (EID) and Ó Dónall's Foclór Gaeilge-Béarla (FGB), as well as An Foclóir Beag and a grammar tab and pronunciation tab. Very handy to look up words.<br />
* [https://www.focloir.ie/ New English-Irish Dictionary (NEID)]<br />
<br />
==Grammar==<br />
* Gramadach na Gaeilge (GnaG): An online grammar covering just about anything you can think of for Irish. Does contain some mistakes, but the most comprehensive free grammar you can find. (Sometimes a bit technical, but if you can deal with grammar terminology, very useful)<br />
** [http://nualeargais.ie/gnag/gramadac.htm English translation of an older version]<br />
** [http://braesicke.de/gramadac.htm German original version]<br />
* [https://data.oireachtas.ie/ie/oireachtas/caighdeanOifigiul/2017/2017-08-03_an-caighdean-oifigiuil-2017_en.pdf An Caighdeán Oifigiúil] (the official standard; written in Irish)<br />
* [http://www.reimnigh.com/ Réimnigh]: Conjugation tables for common verbs (standard and all three major dialects)<br />
<br />
==Media==<br />
=== Raidió na Gaeltachta (RnaG) ===<br />
[https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/ Raidió na Gaeltachta] is an Irish-language radio station. They broadcast a wide variety of programmes, including:<br />
<br />
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/adhmhaidin/ Adhmhaidin]: A(n) (inter)national current affairs show, with speakers from '''all over Ireland'''<br />
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/an-saol-o-dheas/ An Saol Ó Dheas]: Current affairs from '''Munster''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included<br />
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/barrscealta/ Barrscéalta]: Current affairs in '''Donegal''', usually with presenters from Gaoth Dobhair<br />
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/iris-aniar/ Iris Aniar]: Current affairs in '''Connacht''' and '''Meath''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included<br />
<br />
=== TG4 ===<br />
[https://www.tg4.ie TG4] is the Irish-language television station. Plays a variety of programmes from a variety of different topics. Most programmes only contain burnt-in English subs, but this is changing recently. Various recommended programmes include: <br />
<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/lifestyle-tv-shows/?series=Comhr%C3%A1&genre=Saolchlar Comhrá]: A regular conversation show between iconic host Máirtín Tom Sheáinín and a different guest where he talks with them about their life experiences<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/childrens-tv-shows/ Cúla4]: Kids programming on TG4. Good for children or those who want to practice with vocabulary/structures aimed at a child's ability. Might be boring for adults.<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=Nuacht%20TG4&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Nuacht TG4]: The daily news show. High quality presenters. Contains no subtitles.<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/drama-tv-shows/?series=Ros%20na%20R%C3%BAn%20(S25)&genre=Drama Ros na Rún]: An Irish-language soap opera, running since 1996 with over 1500 episodes. Later seasons have options for English subs or Irish subs. Earlier seasons and episodes can be found on YouTube.<br />
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=7%20L%C3%A1&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Seacht Lá]: Politics and the economy, regional, national and international affairs. Live debate on the major issues of the day with a panel of analysts, experts and political pundits. No subtitles.<br />
<br />
=== Vifax ===<br />
[https://vifax.maynoothuniversity.ie/ Vifax] is a website created and updated by Maynooth University, which takes clips from Nuacht TG4 and transcribes them. They also include questions at various levels (beginner, intermediate, advanced) to help guide listening and focus on listening ability. Very useful resource to practice listening ability.<br />
<br />
There is also a helpful blog post about [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/how-to-best-use-vifax-at-any-level/ how to use Vifax at varying levels].<br />
<br />
==Apps==<br />
As for Duolingo, it's all right when you have the right expectations. I found it useful for vocabulary and just practice in general, but I wouldn't recommend it as the only thing to use.<br />
<br />
==Blogs==<br />
Most of these blogs focus on specific regional dialects.<br />
<br />
===Scotland and East Ulster===<br />
<br />
* [http://dalriada.scot/]: "Dail Riada" (Central Argyll), Southern Scotland<br />
* [https://gaidhligarainn.blogspot.com/]: Arran, Southern Scotland<br />
* [http://rathlingaelic.blogspot.com/]: Rathlin<br />
* [https://gaedhilgreachraidh.blogspot.com/]: Rathlin<br />
* [http://cluaindaimh.blogspot.com/]: Cluain Daimh, co. Down<br />
* [http://irishofthefews.blogspot.com/]: the Fews, south co. Armagh<br />
* [http://oirialla.blogspot.com/]: Oriel<br />
* [https://gaeltachtnaspeirini.blogspot.com/]: the Sperrins, co. Tyrone<br />
* [https://inishowenirish.blogspot.com/]: Inishowen, co. Donegal<br />
<br />
===West Ulster===<br />
<br />
* [https://gaedhilgthoraighe.blogspot.com/]: Tory, co. Donegal<br />
* [https://ramasbearoide.blogspot.com/]: mostly north co. Donegal<br />
* [http://www.rannnafeirste.com/]: Rann na Feirste, co. Donegal<br />
<br />
===Connaught===<br />
<br />
* [http://gaeilgeiorrais.ie/index.php/canuinti-local-dialects]: some resources for Iorras, co. Mayo<br />
* [https://www.irishlanguageincountymayo.com/]: co. Mayo<br />
* [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/]: Conamara, co. Galway<br />
* [https://gaeiglenalachan.wordpress.com/]: Mionlach, co. Galway<br />
<br />
===Munster===<br />
<br />
* [https://corkirish.wordpress.com/]: co. Cork<br />
* [https://muiris.net/]: most Cléire (Cape Clear), co. Cork<br />
<br />
===Leinster===<br />
<br />
* [http://kilkennyirish.blogspot.com/]: co. Kilkenny<br />
* [https://gaeiligchillechoinnigh.blogspot.com/]: co. Kilkenny<br />
* [http://dublingaelic.blogspot.com/]: Dublin (the historical dialects, not post-revival)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Irish]]</div>Beroid