Celtic Languages - User contributions [en]

Irish/Resources

2026-01-06T23:10:44Z

Caoimhín: /* Short stories */

=Free resources on the internet=

==Textbooks==
* [https://bhillers.pages.iu.edu/buntus.html Buntús na Gaeilge] (mostly Standard Irish with a preference for Ulster options, dialect differences are noted)
* [https://drive.google.com/file/d/14r6uOpc_RgNdyccwTle7-9y6NbGh4sqN/view?usp=sharing Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Retypeset] (dialectal Munster Irish)
* [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1f3cOHk6-GClmUBkPpw4x85ZtlHoO0nQV/view?usp=sharing Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Scanned] (dialectal Munster Irish)
* [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1mXWSqVhYtVCcZa3hG5CGhXz-DIzdyZ_e/view?usp=sharing Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Audio] (dialectal Munster Irish)
The retypeset version of Teach Yourself Irish has the audio built in and more reliable search, but it also has typos and even stunning errors where the retypesetter has added incorrect footnotes.

==Video series==
* Now You're Talking (Ulster Irish)
** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7nz--LpYC30 Video series on Youtube]
** [https://eolas38.wixsite.com/ultach/copy-of-aonad-1 Textbook + Audio + Video]
* [http://www.ceimaraghaidh.ie/don-fhoghlaimeoir/ Céim Ar Aghaidh] (Ulster Irish, for advanced learners)

==Podcasts==
* [http://culturlann.org/beginner%20podcast Beginner Podcast series from Cultúrlann Uí Chanáin] (Ulster Irish)
* [https://an-la-ban.com/ Go dtí an lá bán]: Short stories read by native speakers, as audio-only podcast or on its own website accompanied with text (Ulster Irish)

==Spelling and Pronunciation==
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oIokUII7LX0 Introduction to the Irish spelling] (Video)
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120321160459/http://www.ultach.dsl.pipex.com/ForLearners/UIPron.doc Ulster Irish, A Pronunciation Guide]
* [http://www.fuaimeanna.ie/en/ Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge] (Sounds of Irish with sample recordings in three dialects)
** A site to go along with the book ''Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge''. Contains recordings from native speakers of each main dialect area (specifically, Gaoth Dobhair in Donegal, An Ceathrú Rua in Connemara and Corca Dhuibhne in Kerry) pronouncing each phoneme in the language. The book contains lists of minimal pairs as well.
* [https://www.cogg.ie/wp-content/uploads/Understanding-Irish-Spelling-A-Handbook-for-Teachers-and-Learners-by-Dr.-Nancy-Stenson-and-Dr.-Tina-Hickey-1.pdf Understanding Irish Spelling: A Handbook for Teachers and Learners]
* [https://www.forasnagaeilge.ie/about/an-gum/focloir-poca/?lang=en Foclóir Póca - Description and Phonetic Guide] pdf and audio files containing an introduction to the standardised system of pronunciation sometimes known as "lárchanúint" (central dialect) devised by Dónall Ó Baoill

==Dictionaries (with pronunciation)==
* [https://www.teanglann.ie/en Teanglann]
** An online version of de Bhaldraithe's English-Irish Dictionary (EID) and Ó Dónall's Foclór Gaeilge-Béarla (FGB), as well as An Foclóir Beag and a grammar tab and pronunciation tab. Very handy to look up words.
* [https://www.focloir.ie/ New English-Irish Dictionary (NEID)]

==Grammar==
* Gramadach na Gaeilge (GnaG): An online grammar covering just about anything you can think of for Irish. Does contain some mistakes, but the most comprehensive free grammar you can find. (Sometimes a bit technical, but if you can deal with grammar terminology, very useful)
** [https://cuplamilefocal.github.io/gnag/ English translation]
** [https://web.archive.org/web/20240305051354fw_/http://www.nualeargais.ie/gnag/gramadac.htm Backup English translation of an older version]
** [http://braesicke.de/gramadac.htm German original version]
* [https://data.oireachtas.ie/ie/oireachtas/caighdeanOifigiul/2017/2017-08-03_an-caighdean-oifigiuil-2017_en.pdf An Caighdeán Oifigiúil] (the official standard; written in Irish)
* [http://www.reimnigh.com/ Réimnigh]: Conjugation tables for common verbs (standard and all three major dialects)

==Word games==
* [https://www.foclach.com/ Foclach]: Wordle in Irish
* [https://www.litreach.ie/ Litreach]: Spell the words you hear
* [https://cadhan.com/beach/ga/index.html# Cíor Thuathail]: Find as many Irish words as you can
* [https://seafóid.com/ Seafóid!] An Irish adaption of the Waffle game

==Media==
=== Raidió na Gaeltachta (RnaG) ===
[https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/ Raidió na Gaeltachta] is an Irish-language radio station. They broadcast a wide variety of programmes, including:

* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/adhmhaidin/ Adhmhaidin]: A(n) (inter)national current affairs show, with speakers from '''all over Ireland'''
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/an-saol-o-dheas/ An Saol Ó Dheas]: Current affairs from '''Munster''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/barrscealta/ Barrscéalta]: Current affairs in '''Donegal''', usually with presenters from Gaoth Dobhair
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/iris-aniar/ Iris Aniar]: Current affairs in '''Connacht''' and '''Meath''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included

=== TG4 ===
[https://www.tg4.ie TG4] is the Irish-language television station. Plays a variety of programmes from a variety of different topics. Most programmes only contain burnt-in English subs, but this is changing recently. Various recommended programmes include:

* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/lifestyle-tv-shows/?series=Comhr%C3%A1&genre=Saolchlar Comhrá]: A regular conversation show between iconic host Máirtín Tom Sheáinín and a different guest where he talks with them about their life experiences
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/childrens-tv-shows/ Cúla4]: Kids programming on TG4. Good for children or those who want to practice with vocabulary/structures aimed at a child's ability. Might be boring for adults.
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=Nuacht%20TG4&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Nuacht TG4]: The daily news show. High quality presenters. Contains no subtitles.
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/drama-tv-shows/?series=Ros%20na%20R%C3%BAn%20(S25)&genre=Drama Ros na Rún]: An Irish-language soap opera, running since 1996 with over 1500 episodes. Later seasons have options for English subs or Irish subs. Earlier seasons and episodes can be found on YouTube.
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=7%20L%C3%A1&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Seacht Lá]: Politics and the economy, regional, national and international affairs. Live debate on the major issues of the day with a panel of analysts, experts and political pundits. No subtitles.

=== Vifax ===
[https://vifax.maynoothuniversity.ie/ Vifax] is a website created and updated by Maynooth University, which takes clips from Nuacht TG4 and transcribes them. They also include questions at various levels (beginner, intermediate, advanced) to help guide listening and focus on listening ability. Very useful resource to practice listening ability.

There is also a helpful blog post about [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/how-to-best-use-vifax-at-any-level/ how to use Vifax at varying levels].

=== Short stories ===
* [https://www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk/oduibhin/sf/ Sgéilíní na Finne] (Ulster)
* [https://an-la-ban.com/ Go dtí an lá bán] (Collection of short stories with audio, Ulster)
* [https://blath-na-dtulach.com/ Bláth na dTulach] (Collection of short stories with audio/podcast, Ulster)

==Apps==
* [http://www.duolingo.com Duolingo]: It's all right when you have the right expectations. I found it useful for vocabulary and just practice in general, but I wouldn't recommend it as the only thing to use.
** The mobile apps don't provide to the tips page that each skill has in the web version. You can refer to [https://duome.eu/tips/en/ga duome.eu] to read them on mobile.

==Blogs and other dialectal resources==
Most of these blogs focus on specific regional dialects.

===Southern Scotland and East Ulster===

* [http://dalriada.scot/ dalriada.scot]: "Dail Riada" (Central Argyll), Southern Scotland
* [https://gaidhligarainn.blogspot.com/ gaidhligarainn.blogspot]: Arran, Southern Scotland
* [http://rathlingaelic.blogspot.com/ rathlingaelic.blogspot]: Rathlin
* [https://gaedhilgreachraidh.blogspot.com/ gaedhilgreachraidh.blogspot]: Rathlin
* [http://cluaindaimh.blogspot.com/ cluaindaimh.blogspot]: Cluain Daimh (Clonduff), co. Down
* [http://irishofthefews.blogspot.com/ irishofthefews.blogspot]: the Fews, south co. Armagh
* [http://oirialla.blogspot.com/ oirialla.blogspot]: Oriel
* [https://archive.org/details/mionaintnamieag00dubhgoog/ Mion-ċaint na Miḋe agus Ulaḋ (Pádraig Ó Dubhthaigh)]: a book from 1905 with information on the extinct Meath dialect
* [https://gaeltachtnaspeirini.blogspot.com/ gaeltachtnaspeirini.blogspot]: the Sperrins, co. Tyrone
* [https://inishowenirish.blogspot.com/ inishowenirish.blogspot]: Inishowen, co. Donegal

===West Ulster===

* [https://gaedhilgthoraighe.blogspot.com/ gaedhilgthoraighe.blogspot]: Tory, co. Donegal
* [https://ramasbearoide.blogspot.com/ ramasbearoide.blogspot]: mostly north co. Donegal
* [http://www.rannnafeirste.com/ rannnafeirste.com]: Rann na Feirste, co. Donegal

===Connaught===

* [http://gaeilgeiorrais.ie/index.php/canuinti-local-dialects gaeilgeiorrais.ie]: some resources for Iorras, co. Mayo
* [https://www.irishlanguageincountymayo.com/ irishlanguageincountymayo.com]: co. Mayo
* [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/ gaeilgechonamara.com]: Conamara, co. Galway
* [https://gaeiglenalachan.wordpress.com/ gaeiglenalachan.wordpress]: Mionlach, co. Galway

===West Munster===

* [https://corkirish.wordpress.com/ corkirish.wordpress]: co. Cork
* [https://muiris.net/ muiris.net]: most Cléire (Cape Clear), co. Cork

===East Munster===

* [https://tonyofloinn.weebly.com/gaelainn-oirthear-chorcaiacute.html/ tonyofloinn.weebly]: East Cork

===Leinster===

* [http://kilkennyirish.blogspot.com/ kilkennyirish.blogspot]: co. Kilkenny
* [https://gaeiligchillechoinnigh.blogspot.com/ gaeiligchillechoinnigh.blogspot]: co. Kilkenny
* [http://dublingaelic.blogspot.com/ dublingaelic.blogspot]: Dublin (the historical dialects, not post-revival)

===General===

* [https://www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk/oduibhin/index.htm Gaelic Resources - Ciarán Ó Duibhín] mostly West Ulster, some East Ulster and Scottish stuff
* [https://duilinn.github.io/lasid-viewer LASID viewer]

==Misc==
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262774160294412288/1009119722702385193/Bealoideas_Index.pdf Béaloideas index]

[[Category:Irish]]

Irish/Resources

2025-02-09T16:22:09Z

Caoimhín:

=Free resources on the internet=

==Textbooks==
* [https://bhillers.pages.iu.edu/buntus.html Buntús na Gaeilge] (mostly Standard Irish with a preference for Ulster options, dialect differences are noted)
* [https://drive.google.com/file/d/14r6uOpc_RgNdyccwTle7-9y6NbGh4sqN/view?usp=sharing Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Retypeset] (dialectal Munster Irish)
* [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1f3cOHk6-GClmUBkPpw4x85ZtlHoO0nQV/view?usp=sharing Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Scanned] (dialectal Munster Irish)
* [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1mXWSqVhYtVCcZa3hG5CGhXz-DIzdyZ_e/view?usp=sharing Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Audio] (dialectal Munster Irish)
The retypeset version of Teach Yourself Irish has the audio built in and more reliable search, but it also has typos and even stunning errors where the retypesetter has added incorrect footnotes.

==Video series==
* Now You're Talking (Ulster Irish)
** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7nz--LpYC30 Video series on Youtube]
** [https://eolas38.wixsite.com/ultach/copy-of-aonad-1 Textbook + Audio + Video]
* [http://www.ceimaraghaidh.ie/don-fhoghlaimeoir/ Céim Ar Aghaidh] (Ulster Irish, for advanced learners)

==Podcasts==
* [http://culturlann.org/beginner%20podcast Beginner Podcast series from Cultúrlann Uí Chanáin] (Ulster Irish)
* [https://an-la-ban.com/ Go dtí an lá bán]: Short stories read by native speakers, as audio-only podcast or on its own website accompanied with text (Ulster Irish)

==Spelling and Pronunciation==
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oIokUII7LX0 Introduction to the Irish spelling] (Video)
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120321160459/http://www.ultach.dsl.pipex.com/ForLearners/UIPron.doc Ulster Irish, A Pronunciation Guide]
* [http://www.fuaimeanna.ie/en/ Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge] (Sounds of Irish with sample recordings in three dialects)
** A site to go along with the book ''Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge''. Contains recordings from native speakers of each main dialect area (specifically, Gaoth Dobhair in Donegal, An Ceathrú Rua in Connemara and Corca Dhuibhne in Kerry) pronouncing each phoneme in the language. The book contains lists of minimal pairs as well.
* [https://www.cogg.ie/wp-content/uploads/Understanding-Irish-Spelling-A-Handbook-for-Teachers-and-Learners-by-Dr.-Nancy-Stenson-and-Dr.-Tina-Hickey-1.pdf Understanding Irish Spelling: A Handbook for Teachers and Learners]
* [https://www.forasnagaeilge.ie/about/an-gum/focloir-poca/?lang=en Foclóir Póca - Description and Phonetic Guide] pdf and audio files containing an introduction to the standardised system of pronunciation sometimes known as "lárchanúint" (central dialect) devised by Dónall Ó Baoill

==Dictionaries (with pronunciation)==
* [https://www.teanglann.ie/en Teanglann]
** An online version of de Bhaldraithe's English-Irish Dictionary (EID) and Ó Dónall's Foclór Gaeilge-Béarla (FGB), as well as An Foclóir Beag and a grammar tab and pronunciation tab. Very handy to look up words.
* [https://www.focloir.ie/ New English-Irish Dictionary (NEID)]

==Grammar==
* Gramadach na Gaeilge (GnaG): An online grammar covering just about anything you can think of for Irish. Does contain some mistakes, but the most comprehensive free grammar you can find. (Sometimes a bit technical, but if you can deal with grammar terminology, very useful)
** [https://web.archive.org/web/20240305051354fw_/http://www.nualeargais.ie/gnag/gramadac.htm English translation of an older version]
** [http://braesicke.de/gramadac.htm German original version]
* [https://data.oireachtas.ie/ie/oireachtas/caighdeanOifigiul/2017/2017-08-03_an-caighdean-oifigiuil-2017_en.pdf An Caighdeán Oifigiúil] (the official standard; written in Irish)
* [http://www.reimnigh.com/ Réimnigh]: Conjugation tables for common verbs (standard and all three major dialects)

==Word games==
* [https://www.foclach.com/ Foclach]: Wordle in Irish
* [https://www.litreach.ie/ Litreach]: Spell the words you hear
* [https://cadhan.com/beach/ga/index.html# Cíor Thuathail]: Find as many Irish words as you can
* [https://seafóid.com/ Seafóid!] An Irish adaption of the Waffle game

==Media==
=== Raidió na Gaeltachta (RnaG) ===
[https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/ Raidió na Gaeltachta] is an Irish-language radio station. They broadcast a wide variety of programmes, including:

* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/adhmhaidin/ Adhmhaidin]: A(n) (inter)national current affairs show, with speakers from '''all over Ireland'''
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/an-saol-o-dheas/ An Saol Ó Dheas]: Current affairs from '''Munster''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/barrscealta/ Barrscéalta]: Current affairs in '''Donegal''', usually with presenters from Gaoth Dobhair
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/iris-aniar/ Iris Aniar]: Current affairs in '''Connacht''' and '''Meath''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included

=== TG4 ===
[https://www.tg4.ie TG4] is the Irish-language television station. Plays a variety of programmes from a variety of different topics. Most programmes only contain burnt-in English subs, but this is changing recently. Various recommended programmes include:

* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/lifestyle-tv-shows/?series=Comhr%C3%A1&genre=Saolchlar Comhrá]: A regular conversation show between iconic host Máirtín Tom Sheáinín and a different guest where he talks with them about their life experiences
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/childrens-tv-shows/ Cúla4]: Kids programming on TG4. Good for children or those who want to practice with vocabulary/structures aimed at a child's ability. Might be boring for adults.
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=Nuacht%20TG4&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Nuacht TG4]: The daily news show. High quality presenters. Contains no subtitles.
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/drama-tv-shows/?series=Ros%20na%20R%C3%BAn%20(S25)&genre=Drama Ros na Rún]: An Irish-language soap opera, running since 1996 with over 1500 episodes. Later seasons have options for English subs or Irish subs. Earlier seasons and episodes can be found on YouTube.
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=7%20L%C3%A1&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Seacht Lá]: Politics and the economy, regional, national and international affairs. Live debate on the major issues of the day with a panel of analysts, experts and political pundits. No subtitles.

=== Vifax ===
[https://vifax.maynoothuniversity.ie/ Vifax] is a website created and updated by Maynooth University, which takes clips from Nuacht TG4 and transcribes them. They also include questions at various levels (beginner, intermediate, advanced) to help guide listening and focus on listening ability. Very useful resource to practice listening ability.

There is also a helpful blog post about [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/how-to-best-use-vifax-at-any-level/ how to use Vifax at varying levels].

=== Short stories ===
* [https://www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk/oduibhin/sf/ Sgéilíní na Finne] (Ulster)
* [https://an-la-ban.com/ Go dtí an lá bán] (Collection of short stories with audio, Ulster)

==Apps==
* [http://www.duolingo.com Duolingo]: It's all right when you have the right expectations. I found it useful for vocabulary and just practice in general, but I wouldn't recommend it as the only thing to use.
** The mobile apps don't provide to the tips page that each skill has in the web version. You can refer to [https://duome.eu/tips/en/ga duome.eu] to read them on mobile.

==Blogs and other dialectal resources==
Most of these blogs focus on specific regional dialects.

===Southern Scotland and East Ulster===

* [http://dalriada.scot/ dalriada.scot]: "Dail Riada" (Central Argyll), Southern Scotland
* [https://gaidhligarainn.blogspot.com/ gaidhligarainn.blogspot]: Arran, Southern Scotland
* [http://rathlingaelic.blogspot.com/ rathlingaelic.blogspot]: Rathlin
* [https://gaedhilgreachraidh.blogspot.com/ gaedhilgreachraidh.blogspot]: Rathlin
* [http://cluaindaimh.blogspot.com/ cluaindaimh.blogspot]: Cluain Daimh (Clonduff), co. Down
* [http://irishofthefews.blogspot.com/ irishofthefews.blogspot]: the Fews, south co. Armagh
* [http://oirialla.blogspot.com/ oirialla.blogspot]: Oriel
* [https://archive.org/details/mionaintnamieag00dubhgoog/ Mion-ċaint na Miḋe agus Ulaḋ (Pádraig Ó Dubhthaigh)]: a book from 1905 with information on the extinct Meath dialect
* [https://gaeltachtnaspeirini.blogspot.com/ gaeltachtnaspeirini.blogspot]: the Sperrins, co. Tyrone
* [https://inishowenirish.blogspot.com/ inishowenirish.blogspot]: Inishowen, co. Donegal

===West Ulster===

* [https://gaedhilgthoraighe.blogspot.com/ gaedhilgthoraighe.blogspot]: Tory, co. Donegal
* [https://ramasbearoide.blogspot.com/ ramasbearoide.blogspot]: mostly north co. Donegal
* [http://www.rannnafeirste.com/ rannnafeirste.com]: Rann na Feirste, co. Donegal

===Connaught===

* [http://gaeilgeiorrais.ie/index.php/canuinti-local-dialects gaeilgeiorrais.ie]: some resources for Iorras, co. Mayo
* [https://www.irishlanguageincountymayo.com/ irishlanguageincountymayo.com]: co. Mayo
* [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/ gaeilgechonamara.com]: Conamara, co. Galway
* [https://gaeiglenalachan.wordpress.com/ gaeiglenalachan.wordpress]: Mionlach, co. Galway

===West Munster===

* [https://corkirish.wordpress.com/ corkirish.wordpress]: co. Cork
* [https://muiris.net/ muiris.net]: most Cléire (Cape Clear), co. Cork

===East Munster===

* [https://tonyofloinn.weebly.com/gaelainn-oirthear-chorcaiacute.html/ tonyofloinn.weebly]: East Cork

===Leinster===

* [http://kilkennyirish.blogspot.com/ kilkennyirish.blogspot]: co. Kilkenny
* [https://gaeiligchillechoinnigh.blogspot.com/ gaeiligchillechoinnigh.blogspot]: co. Kilkenny
* [http://dublingaelic.blogspot.com/ dublingaelic.blogspot]: Dublin (the historical dialects, not post-revival)

===General===

* [https://www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk/oduibhin/index.htm Gaelic Resources - Ciarán Ó Duibhín] mostly West Ulster, some East Ulster and Scottish stuff
* [https://duilinn.github.io/lasid-viewer LASID viewer]

==Misc==
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262774160294412288/1009119722702385193/Bealoideas_Index.pdf Béaloideas index]

[[Category:Irish]]

Irish/Resources

2025-02-09T16:21:33Z

Caoimhín: Added section for short stories

=Free resources on the internet=

==Textbooks==
* [https://bhillers.pages.iu.edu/buntus.html Buntús na Gaeilge] (mostly Standard Irish with a preference for Ulster options, dialect differences are noted)
* [https://drive.google.com/file/d/14r6uOpc_RgNdyccwTle7-9y6NbGh4sqN/view?usp=sharing Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Retypeset] (dialectal Munster Irish)
* [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1f3cOHk6-GClmUBkPpw4x85ZtlHoO0nQV/view?usp=sharing Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Scanned] (dialectal Munster Irish)
* [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1mXWSqVhYtVCcZa3hG5CGhXz-DIzdyZ_e/view?usp=sharing Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Audio] (dialectal Munster Irish)
The retypeset version of Teach Yourself Irish has the audio built in and more reliable search, but it also has typos and even stunning errors where the retypesetter has added incorrect footnotes.

==Video series==
* Now You're Talking (Ulster Irish)
** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7nz--LpYC30 Video series on Youtube]
** [https://eolas38.wixsite.com/ultach/copy-of-aonad-1 Textbook + Audio + Video]
* [http://www.ceimaraghaidh.ie/don-fhoghlaimeoir/ Céim Ar Aghaidh] (Ulster Irish, for advanced learners)

==Podcasts==
* [http://culturlann.org/beginner%20podcast Beginner Podcast series from Cultúrlann Uí Chanáin] (Ulster Irish)
* [https://an-la-ban.com/ Go dtí an lá bán]: Short stories read by native speakers, as audio-only podcast or on its own website accompanied with text (Ulster Irish)

==Spelling and Pronunciation==
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oIokUII7LX0 Introduction to the Irish spelling] (Video)
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120321160459/http://www.ultach.dsl.pipex.com/ForLearners/UIPron.doc Ulster Irish, A Pronunciation Guide]
* [http://www.fuaimeanna.ie/en/ Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge] (Sounds of Irish with sample recordings in three dialects)
** A site to go along with the book ''Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge''. Contains recordings from native speakers of each main dialect area (specifically, Gaoth Dobhair in Donegal, An Ceathrú Rua in Connemara and Corca Dhuibhne in Kerry) pronouncing each phoneme in the language. The book contains lists of minimal pairs as well.
* [https://www.cogg.ie/wp-content/uploads/Understanding-Irish-Spelling-A-Handbook-for-Teachers-and-Learners-by-Dr.-Nancy-Stenson-and-Dr.-Tina-Hickey-1.pdf Understanding Irish Spelling: A Handbook for Teachers and Learners]
* [https://www.forasnagaeilge.ie/about/an-gum/focloir-poca/?lang=en Foclóir Póca - Description and Phonetic Guide] pdf and audio files containing an introduction to the standardised system of pronunciation sometimes known as "lárchanúint" (central dialect) devised by Dónall Ó Baoill

==Dictionaries (with pronunciation)==
* [https://www.teanglann.ie/en Teanglann]
** An online version of de Bhaldraithe's English-Irish Dictionary (EID) and Ó Dónall's Foclór Gaeilge-Béarla (FGB), as well as An Foclóir Beag and a grammar tab and pronunciation tab. Very handy to look up words.
* [https://www.focloir.ie/ New English-Irish Dictionary (NEID)]

==Grammar==
* Gramadach na Gaeilge (GnaG): An online grammar covering just about anything you can think of for Irish. Does contain some mistakes, but the most comprehensive free grammar you can find. (Sometimes a bit technical, but if you can deal with grammar terminology, very useful)
** [https://web.archive.org/web/20240305051354fw_/http://www.nualeargais.ie/gnag/gramadac.htm English translation of an older version]
** [http://braesicke.de/gramadac.htm German original version]
* [https://data.oireachtas.ie/ie/oireachtas/caighdeanOifigiul/2017/2017-08-03_an-caighdean-oifigiuil-2017_en.pdf An Caighdeán Oifigiúil] (the official standard; written in Irish)
* [http://www.reimnigh.com/ Réimnigh]: Conjugation tables for common verbs (standard and all three major dialects)

==Word games==
* [https://www.foclach.com/ Foclach]: Wordle in Irish
* [https://www.litreach.ie/ Litreach]: Spell the words you hear
* [https://cadhan.com/beach/ga/index.html# Cíor Thuathail]: Find as many Irish words as you can
* [https://seafóid.com/ Seafóid!] An Irish adaption of the Waffle game

==Media==
=== Raidió na Gaeltachta (RnaG) ===
[https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/ Raidió na Gaeltachta] is an Irish-language radio station. They broadcast a wide variety of programmes, including:

* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/adhmhaidin/ Adhmhaidin]: A(n) (inter)national current affairs show, with speakers from '''all over Ireland'''
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/an-saol-o-dheas/ An Saol Ó Dheas]: Current affairs from '''Munster''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/barrscealta/ Barrscéalta]: Current affairs in '''Donegal''', usually with presenters from Gaoth Dobhair
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/iris-aniar/ Iris Aniar]: Current affairs in '''Connacht''' and '''Meath''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included

=== TG4 ===
[https://www.tg4.ie TG4] is the Irish-language television station. Plays a variety of programmes from a variety of different topics. Most programmes only contain burnt-in English subs, but this is changing recently. Various recommended programmes include:

* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/lifestyle-tv-shows/?series=Comhr%C3%A1&genre=Saolchlar Comhrá]: A regular conversation show between iconic host Máirtín Tom Sheáinín and a different guest where he talks with them about their life experiences
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/childrens-tv-shows/ Cúla4]: Kids programming on TG4. Good for children or those who want to practice with vocabulary/structures aimed at a child's ability. Might be boring for adults.
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=Nuacht%20TG4&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Nuacht TG4]: The daily news show. High quality presenters. Contains no subtitles.
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/drama-tv-shows/?series=Ros%20na%20R%C3%BAn%20(S25)&genre=Drama Ros na Rún]: An Irish-language soap opera, running since 1996 with over 1500 episodes. Later seasons have options for English subs or Irish subs. Earlier seasons and episodes can be found on YouTube.
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=7%20L%C3%A1&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Seacht Lá]: Politics and the economy, regional, national and international affairs. Live debate on the major issues of the day with a panel of analysts, experts and political pundits. No subtitles.

=== Vifax ===
[https://vifax.maynoothuniversity.ie/ Vifax] is a website created and updated by Maynooth University, which takes clips from Nuacht TG4 and transcribes them. They also include questions at various levels (beginner, intermediate, advanced) to help guide listening and focus on listening ability. Very useful resource to practice listening ability.

There is also a helpful blog post about [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/how-to-best-use-vifax-at-any-level/ how to use Vifax at varying levels].

==Short stories==
* [https://www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk/oduibhin/sf/ Sgéilíní na Finne] (Ulster)
* [https://an-la-ban.com/ Go dtí an lá bán] (Collection of short stories with audio, Ulster)

==Apps==
* [http://www.duolingo.com Duolingo]: It's all right when you have the right expectations. I found it useful for vocabulary and just practice in general, but I wouldn't recommend it as the only thing to use.
** The mobile apps don't provide to the tips page that each skill has in the web version. You can refer to [https://duome.eu/tips/en/ga duome.eu] to read them on mobile.

==Blogs and other dialectal resources==
Most of these blogs focus on specific regional dialects.

===Southern Scotland and East Ulster===

* [http://dalriada.scot/ dalriada.scot]: "Dail Riada" (Central Argyll), Southern Scotland
* [https://gaidhligarainn.blogspot.com/ gaidhligarainn.blogspot]: Arran, Southern Scotland
* [http://rathlingaelic.blogspot.com/ rathlingaelic.blogspot]: Rathlin
* [https://gaedhilgreachraidh.blogspot.com/ gaedhilgreachraidh.blogspot]: Rathlin
* [http://cluaindaimh.blogspot.com/ cluaindaimh.blogspot]: Cluain Daimh (Clonduff), co. Down
* [http://irishofthefews.blogspot.com/ irishofthefews.blogspot]: the Fews, south co. Armagh
* [http://oirialla.blogspot.com/ oirialla.blogspot]: Oriel
* [https://archive.org/details/mionaintnamieag00dubhgoog/ Mion-ċaint na Miḋe agus Ulaḋ (Pádraig Ó Dubhthaigh)]: a book from 1905 with information on the extinct Meath dialect
* [https://gaeltachtnaspeirini.blogspot.com/ gaeltachtnaspeirini.blogspot]: the Sperrins, co. Tyrone
* [https://inishowenirish.blogspot.com/ inishowenirish.blogspot]: Inishowen, co. Donegal

===West Ulster===

* [https://gaedhilgthoraighe.blogspot.com/ gaedhilgthoraighe.blogspot]: Tory, co. Donegal
* [https://ramasbearoide.blogspot.com/ ramasbearoide.blogspot]: mostly north co. Donegal
* [http://www.rannnafeirste.com/ rannnafeirste.com]: Rann na Feirste, co. Donegal

===Connaught===

* [http://gaeilgeiorrais.ie/index.php/canuinti-local-dialects gaeilgeiorrais.ie]: some resources for Iorras, co. Mayo
* [https://www.irishlanguageincountymayo.com/ irishlanguageincountymayo.com]: co. Mayo
* [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/ gaeilgechonamara.com]: Conamara, co. Galway
* [https://gaeiglenalachan.wordpress.com/ gaeiglenalachan.wordpress]: Mionlach, co. Galway

===West Munster===

* [https://corkirish.wordpress.com/ corkirish.wordpress]: co. Cork
* [https://muiris.net/ muiris.net]: most Cléire (Cape Clear), co. Cork

===East Munster===

* [https://tonyofloinn.weebly.com/gaelainn-oirthear-chorcaiacute.html/ tonyofloinn.weebly]: East Cork

===Leinster===

* [http://kilkennyirish.blogspot.com/ kilkennyirish.blogspot]: co. Kilkenny
* [https://gaeiligchillechoinnigh.blogspot.com/ gaeiligchillechoinnigh.blogspot]: co. Kilkenny
* [http://dublingaelic.blogspot.com/ dublingaelic.blogspot]: Dublin (the historical dialects, not post-revival)

===General===

* [https://www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk/oduibhin/index.htm Gaelic Resources - Ciarán Ó Duibhín] mostly West Ulster, some East Ulster and Scottish stuff
* [https://duilinn.github.io/lasid-viewer LASID viewer]

==Misc==
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262774160294412288/1009119722702385193/Bealoideas_Index.pdf Béaloideas index]

[[Category:Irish]]

Irish/Resources

2024-11-19T09:40:32Z

Caoimhín: /* Podcasts */ Go dtí an lá bán

=Free resources on the internet=

==Textbooks==
* [https://bhillers.pages.iu.edu/buntus.html Buntús na Gaeilge] (mostly Standard Irish with a preference for Ulster options, dialect differences are noted)
* [https://drive.google.com/file/d/14r6uOpc_RgNdyccwTle7-9y6NbGh4sqN/view?usp=sharing Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Retypeset] (dialectal Munster Irish)
* [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1f3cOHk6-GClmUBkPpw4x85ZtlHoO0nQV/view?usp=sharing Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Scanned] (dialectal Munster Irish)
* [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1mXWSqVhYtVCcZa3hG5CGhXz-DIzdyZ_e/view?usp=sharing Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Audio] (dialectal Munster Irish)
The retypeset version of Teach Yourself Irish has the audio built in and more reliable search, but it also has typos and even stunning errors where the retypesetter has added incorrect footnotes.

==Video series==
* Now You're Talking (Ulster Irish)
** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7nz--LpYC30 Video series on Youtube]
** [https://eolas38.wixsite.com/ultach/copy-of-aonad-1 Textbook + Audio + Video]
* [http://www.ceimaraghaidh.ie/don-fhoghlaimeoir/ Céim Ar Aghaidh] (Ulster Irish, for advanced learners)

==Podcasts==
* [http://culturlann.org/beginner%20podcast Beginner Podcast series from Cultúrlann Uí Chanáin] (Ulster Irish)
* [https://an-la-ban.com/ Go dtí an lá bán]: Short stories read by native speakers, as audio-only podcast or on its own website accompanied with text (Ulster Irish)

==Spelling and Pronunciation==
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oIokUII7LX0 Introduction to the Irish spelling] (Video)
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120321160459/http://www.ultach.dsl.pipex.com/ForLearners/UIPron.doc Ulster Irish, A Pronunciation Guide]
* [http://www.fuaimeanna.ie/en/ Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge] (Sounds of Irish with sample recordings in three dialects)
** A site to go along with the book ''Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge''. Contains recordings from native speakers of each main dialect area (specifically, Gaoth Dobhair in Donegal, An Ceathrú Rua in Connemara and Corca Dhuibhne in Kerry) pronouncing each phoneme in the language. The book contains lists of minimal pairs as well.
* [https://www.cogg.ie/wp-content/uploads/Understanding-Irish-Spelling-A-Handbook-for-Teachers-and-Learners-by-Dr.-Nancy-Stenson-and-Dr.-Tina-Hickey-1.pdf Understanding Irish Spelling: A Handbook for Teachers and Learners]
* [https://www.forasnagaeilge.ie/about/an-gum/focloir-poca/?lang=en Foclóir Póca - Description and Phonetic Guide] pdf and audio files containing an introduction to the standardised system of pronunciation sometimes known as "lárchanúint" (central dialect) devised by Dónall Ó Baoill

==Dictionaries (with pronunciation)==
* [https://www.teanglann.ie/en Teanglann]
** An online version of de Bhaldraithe's English-Irish Dictionary (EID) and Ó Dónall's Foclór Gaeilge-Béarla (FGB), as well as An Foclóir Beag and a grammar tab and pronunciation tab. Very handy to look up words.
* [https://www.focloir.ie/ New English-Irish Dictionary (NEID)]

==Grammar==
* Gramadach na Gaeilge (GnaG): An online grammar covering just about anything you can think of for Irish. Does contain some mistakes, but the most comprehensive free grammar you can find. (Sometimes a bit technical, but if you can deal with grammar terminology, very useful)
** [https://web.archive.org/web/20240305051354fw_/http://www.nualeargais.ie/gnag/gramadac.htm English translation of an older version]
** [http://braesicke.de/gramadac.htm German original version]
* [https://data.oireachtas.ie/ie/oireachtas/caighdeanOifigiul/2017/2017-08-03_an-caighdean-oifigiuil-2017_en.pdf An Caighdeán Oifigiúil] (the official standard; written in Irish)
* [http://www.reimnigh.com/ Réimnigh]: Conjugation tables for common verbs (standard and all three major dialects)

==Word games==
* [https://www.foclach.com/ Foclach]: Wordle in Irish
* [https://www.litreach.ie/ Litreach]: Spell the words you hear
* [https://cadhan.com/beach/ga/index.html# Cíor Thuathail]: Find as many Irish words as you can
* [https://seafóid.com/ Seafóid!] An Irish adaption of the Waffle game

==Media==
=== Raidió na Gaeltachta (RnaG) ===
[https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/ Raidió na Gaeltachta] is an Irish-language radio station. They broadcast a wide variety of programmes, including:

* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/adhmhaidin/ Adhmhaidin]: A(n) (inter)national current affairs show, with speakers from '''all over Ireland'''
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/an-saol-o-dheas/ An Saol Ó Dheas]: Current affairs from '''Munster''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/barrscealta/ Barrscéalta]: Current affairs in '''Donegal''', usually with presenters from Gaoth Dobhair
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/iris-aniar/ Iris Aniar]: Current affairs in '''Connacht''' and '''Meath''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included

=== TG4 ===
[https://www.tg4.ie TG4] is the Irish-language television station. Plays a variety of programmes from a variety of different topics. Most programmes only contain burnt-in English subs, but this is changing recently. Various recommended programmes include:

* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/lifestyle-tv-shows/?series=Comhr%C3%A1&genre=Saolchlar Comhrá]: A regular conversation show between iconic host Máirtín Tom Sheáinín and a different guest where he talks with them about their life experiences
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/childrens-tv-shows/ Cúla4]: Kids programming on TG4. Good for children or those who want to practice with vocabulary/structures aimed at a child's ability. Might be boring for adults.
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=Nuacht%20TG4&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Nuacht TG4]: The daily news show. High quality presenters. Contains no subtitles.
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/drama-tv-shows/?series=Ros%20na%20R%C3%BAn%20(S25)&genre=Drama Ros na Rún]: An Irish-language soap opera, running since 1996 with over 1500 episodes. Later seasons have options for English subs or Irish subs. Earlier seasons and episodes can be found on YouTube.
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=7%20L%C3%A1&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Seacht Lá]: Politics and the economy, regional, national and international affairs. Live debate on the major issues of the day with a panel of analysts, experts and political pundits. No subtitles.

=== Vifax ===
[https://vifax.maynoothuniversity.ie/ Vifax] is a website created and updated by Maynooth University, which takes clips from Nuacht TG4 and transcribes them. They also include questions at various levels (beginner, intermediate, advanced) to help guide listening and focus on listening ability. Very useful resource to practice listening ability.

There is also a helpful blog post about [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/how-to-best-use-vifax-at-any-level/ how to use Vifax at varying levels].

==Apps==
* [http://www.duolingo.com Duolingo]: It's all right when you have the right expectations. I found it useful for vocabulary and just practice in general, but I wouldn't recommend it as the only thing to use.
** The mobile apps don't provide to the tips page that each skill has in the web version. You can refer to [https://duome.eu/tips/en/ga duome.eu] to read them on mobile.

==Blogs and other dialectal resources==
Most of these blogs focus on specific regional dialects.

===Southern Scotland and East Ulster===

* [http://dalriada.scot/ dalriada.scot]: "Dail Riada" (Central Argyll), Southern Scotland
* [https://gaidhligarainn.blogspot.com/ gaidhligarainn.blogspot]: Arran, Southern Scotland
* [http://rathlingaelic.blogspot.com/ rathlingaelic.blogspot]: Rathlin
* [https://gaedhilgreachraidh.blogspot.com/ gaedhilgreachraidh.blogspot]: Rathlin
* [http://cluaindaimh.blogspot.com/ cluaindaimh.blogspot]: Cluain Daimh (Clonduff), co. Down
* [http://irishofthefews.blogspot.com/ irishofthefews.blogspot]: the Fews, south co. Armagh
* [http://oirialla.blogspot.com/ oirialla.blogspot]: Oriel
* [https://archive.org/details/mionaintnamieag00dubhgoog/ Mion-ċaint na Miḋe agus Ulaḋ (Pádraig Ó Dubhthaigh)]: a book from 1905 with information on the extinct Meath dialect
* [https://gaeltachtnaspeirini.blogspot.com/ gaeltachtnaspeirini.blogspot]: the Sperrins, co. Tyrone
* [https://inishowenirish.blogspot.com/ inishowenirish.blogspot]: Inishowen, co. Donegal

===West Ulster===

* [https://gaedhilgthoraighe.blogspot.com/ gaedhilgthoraighe.blogspot]: Tory, co. Donegal
* [https://ramasbearoide.blogspot.com/ ramasbearoide.blogspot]: mostly north co. Donegal
* [http://www.rannnafeirste.com/ rannnafeirste.com]: Rann na Feirste, co. Donegal

===Connaught===

* [http://gaeilgeiorrais.ie/index.php/canuinti-local-dialects gaeilgeiorrais.ie]: some resources for Iorras, co. Mayo
* [https://www.irishlanguageincountymayo.com/ irishlanguageincountymayo.com]: co. Mayo
* [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/ gaeilgechonamara.com]: Conamara, co. Galway
* [https://gaeiglenalachan.wordpress.com/ gaeiglenalachan.wordpress]: Mionlach, co. Galway

===West Munster===

* [https://corkirish.wordpress.com/ corkirish.wordpress]: co. Cork
* [https://muiris.net/ muiris.net]: most Cléire (Cape Clear), co. Cork

===East Munster===

* [https://tonyofloinn.weebly.com/gaelainn-oirthear-chorcaiacute.html/ tonyofloinn.weebly]: East Cork

===Leinster===

* [http://kilkennyirish.blogspot.com/ kilkennyirish.blogspot]: co. Kilkenny
* [https://gaeiligchillechoinnigh.blogspot.com/ gaeiligchillechoinnigh.blogspot]: co. Kilkenny
* [http://dublingaelic.blogspot.com/ dublingaelic.blogspot]: Dublin (the historical dialects, not post-revival)

===General===

* [https://www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk/oduibhin/index.htm Gaelic Resources - Ciarán Ó Duibhín] mostly West Ulster, some East Ulster and Scottish stuff
* [https://duilinn.github.io/lasid-viewer LASID viewer]

==Misc==
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262774160294412288/1009119722702385193/Bealoideas_Index.pdf Béaloideas index]

[[Category:Irish]]

Irish/Resources

2024-09-11T22:42:34Z

Caoimhín: /* General */

=Free resources on the internet=

==Textbooks==
* [https://bhillers.pages.iu.edu/buntus.html Buntús na Gaeilge] (mostly Standard Irish with a preference for Ulster options, dialect differences are noted)
* [https://drive.google.com/file/d/14r6uOpc_RgNdyccwTle7-9y6NbGh4sqN/view?usp=sharing Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Retypeset] (dialectal Munster Irish)
* [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1f3cOHk6-GClmUBkPpw4x85ZtlHoO0nQV/view?usp=sharing Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Scanned] (dialectal Munster Irish)
* [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1mXWSqVhYtVCcZa3hG5CGhXz-DIzdyZ_e/view?usp=sharing Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Audio] (dialectal Munster Irish)
The retypeset version of Teach Yourself Irish has the audio built in and more reliable search, but it also has typos and even stunning errors where the retypesetter has added incorrect footnotes.

==Video series==
* Now You're Talking (Ulster Irish)
** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7nz--LpYC30 Video series on Youtube]
** [https://eolas38.wixsite.com/ultach/copy-of-aonad-1 Textbook + Audio + Video]
* [http://www.ceimaraghaidh.ie/don-fhoghlaimeoir/ Céim Ar Aghaidh] (Ulster Irish, for advanced learners)

==Podcasts==
* [http://culturlann.org/beginner%20podcast Beginner Podcast series from Cultúrlann Uí Chanáin] (Ulster Irish)

==Spelling and Pronunciation==
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oIokUII7LX0 Introduction to the Irish spelling] (Video)
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120321160459/http://www.ultach.dsl.pipex.com/ForLearners/UIPron.doc Ulster Irish, A Pronunciation Guide]
* [http://www.fuaimeanna.ie/en/ Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge] (Sounds of Irish with sample recordings in three dialects)
** A site to go along with the book ''Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge''. Contains recordings from native speakers of each main dialect area (specifically, Gaoth Dobhair in Donegal, An Ceathrú Rua in Connemara and Corca Dhuibhne in Kerry) pronouncing each phoneme in the language. The book contains lists of minimal pairs as well.
* [https://www.cogg.ie/wp-content/uploads/Understanding-Irish-Spelling-A-Handbook-for-Teachers-and-Learners-by-Dr.-Nancy-Stenson-and-Dr.-Tina-Hickey-1.pdf Understanding Irish Spelling: A Handbook for Teachers and Learners]
* [https://www.forasnagaeilge.ie/about/an-gum/focloir-poca/?lang=en Foclóir Póca - Description and Phonetic Guide] pdf and audio files containing an introduction to the standardised system of pronunciation sometimes known as "lárchanúint" (central dialect) devised by Dónall Ó Baoill

==Dictionaries (with pronunciation)==
* [https://www.teanglann.ie/en Teanglann]
** An online version of de Bhaldraithe's English-Irish Dictionary (EID) and Ó Dónall's Foclór Gaeilge-Béarla (FGB), as well as An Foclóir Beag and a grammar tab and pronunciation tab. Very handy to look up words.
* [https://www.focloir.ie/ New English-Irish Dictionary (NEID)]

==Grammar==
* Gramadach na Gaeilge (GnaG): An online grammar covering just about anything you can think of for Irish. Does contain some mistakes, but the most comprehensive free grammar you can find. (Sometimes a bit technical, but if you can deal with grammar terminology, very useful)
** [https://web.archive.org/web/20240305051354fw_/http://www.nualeargais.ie/gnag/gramadac.htm English translation of an older version]
** [http://braesicke.de/gramadac.htm German original version]
* [https://data.oireachtas.ie/ie/oireachtas/caighdeanOifigiul/2017/2017-08-03_an-caighdean-oifigiuil-2017_en.pdf An Caighdeán Oifigiúil] (the official standard; written in Irish)
* [http://www.reimnigh.com/ Réimnigh]: Conjugation tables for common verbs (standard and all three major dialects)

==Word games==
* [https://www.foclach.com/ Foclach]: Wordle in Irish
* [https://www.litreach.ie/ Litreach]: Spell the words you hear
* [https://cadhan.com/beach/ga/index.html# Cíor Thuathail]: Find as many Irish words as you can
* [https://seafóid.com/ Seafóid!] An Irish adaption of the Waffle game

==Media==
=== Raidió na Gaeltachta (RnaG) ===
[https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/ Raidió na Gaeltachta] is an Irish-language radio station. They broadcast a wide variety of programmes, including:

* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/adhmhaidin/ Adhmhaidin]: A(n) (inter)national current affairs show, with speakers from '''all over Ireland'''
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/an-saol-o-dheas/ An Saol Ó Dheas]: Current affairs from '''Munster''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/barrscealta/ Barrscéalta]: Current affairs in '''Donegal''', usually with presenters from Gaoth Dobhair
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/iris-aniar/ Iris Aniar]: Current affairs in '''Connacht''' and '''Meath''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included

=== TG4 ===
[https://www.tg4.ie TG4] is the Irish-language television station. Plays a variety of programmes from a variety of different topics. Most programmes only contain burnt-in English subs, but this is changing recently. Various recommended programmes include:

* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/lifestyle-tv-shows/?series=Comhr%C3%A1&genre=Saolchlar Comhrá]: A regular conversation show between iconic host Máirtín Tom Sheáinín and a different guest where he talks with them about their life experiences
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/childrens-tv-shows/ Cúla4]: Kids programming on TG4. Good for children or those who want to practice with vocabulary/structures aimed at a child's ability. Might be boring for adults.
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=Nuacht%20TG4&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Nuacht TG4]: The daily news show. High quality presenters. Contains no subtitles.
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/drama-tv-shows/?series=Ros%20na%20R%C3%BAn%20(S25)&genre=Drama Ros na Rún]: An Irish-language soap opera, running since 1996 with over 1500 episodes. Later seasons have options for English subs or Irish subs. Earlier seasons and episodes can be found on YouTube.
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=7%20L%C3%A1&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Seacht Lá]: Politics and the economy, regional, national and international affairs. Live debate on the major issues of the day with a panel of analysts, experts and political pundits. No subtitles.

=== Vifax ===
[https://vifax.maynoothuniversity.ie/ Vifax] is a website created and updated by Maynooth University, which takes clips from Nuacht TG4 and transcribes them. They also include questions at various levels (beginner, intermediate, advanced) to help guide listening and focus on listening ability. Very useful resource to practice listening ability.

There is also a helpful blog post about [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/how-to-best-use-vifax-at-any-level/ how to use Vifax at varying levels].

==Apps==
* [http://www.duolingo.com Duolingo]: It's all right when you have the right expectations. I found it useful for vocabulary and just practice in general, but I wouldn't recommend it as the only thing to use.
** The mobile apps don't provide to the tips page that each skill has in the web version. You can refer to [https://duome.eu/tips/en/ga duome.eu] to read them on mobile.

==Blogs and other dialectal resources==
Most of these blogs focus on specific regional dialects.

===Southern Scotland and East Ulster===

* [http://dalriada.scot/ dalriada.scot]: "Dail Riada" (Central Argyll), Southern Scotland
* [https://gaidhligarainn.blogspot.com/ gaidhligarainn.blogspot]: Arran, Southern Scotland
* [http://rathlingaelic.blogspot.com/ rathlingaelic.blogspot]: Rathlin
* [https://gaedhilgreachraidh.blogspot.com/ gaedhilgreachraidh.blogspot]: Rathlin
* [http://cluaindaimh.blogspot.com/ cluaindaimh.blogspot]: Cluain Daimh (Clonduff), co. Down
* [http://irishofthefews.blogspot.com/ irishofthefews.blogspot]: the Fews, south co. Armagh
* [http://oirialla.blogspot.com/ oirialla.blogspot]: Oriel
* [https://archive.org/details/mionaintnamieag00dubhgoog/ Mion-ċaint na Miḋe agus Ulaḋ (Pádraig Ó Dubhthaigh)]: a book from 1905 with information on the extinct Meath dialect
* [https://gaeltachtnaspeirini.blogspot.com/ gaeltachtnaspeirini.blogspot]: the Sperrins, co. Tyrone
* [https://inishowenirish.blogspot.com/ inishowenirish.blogspot]: Inishowen, co. Donegal

===West Ulster===

* [https://gaedhilgthoraighe.blogspot.com/ gaedhilgthoraighe.blogspot]: Tory, co. Donegal
* [https://ramasbearoide.blogspot.com/ ramasbearoide.blogspot]: mostly north co. Donegal
* [http://www.rannnafeirste.com/ rannnafeirste.com]: Rann na Feirste, co. Donegal

===Connaught===

* [http://gaeilgeiorrais.ie/index.php/canuinti-local-dialects gaeilgeiorrais.ie]: some resources for Iorras, co. Mayo
* [https://www.irishlanguageincountymayo.com/ irishlanguageincountymayo.com]: co. Mayo
* [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/ gaeilgechonamara.com]: Conamara, co. Galway
* [https://gaeiglenalachan.wordpress.com/ gaeiglenalachan.wordpress]: Mionlach, co. Galway

===West Munster===

* [https://corkirish.wordpress.com/ corkirish.wordpress]: co. Cork
* [https://muiris.net/ muiris.net]: most Cléire (Cape Clear), co. Cork

===East Munster===

* [https://tonyofloinn.weebly.com/gaelainn-oirthear-chorcaiacute.html/ tonyofloinn.weebly]: East Cork

===Leinster===

* [http://kilkennyirish.blogspot.com/ kilkennyirish.blogspot]: co. Kilkenny
* [https://gaeiligchillechoinnigh.blogspot.com/ gaeiligchillechoinnigh.blogspot]: co. Kilkenny
* [http://dublingaelic.blogspot.com/ dublingaelic.blogspot]: Dublin (the historical dialects, not post-revival)

===General===

* [https://www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk/oduibhin/index.htm Gaelic Resources - Ciarán Ó Duibhín] mostly West Ulster, some East Ulster and Scottish stuff
* [https://duilinn.github.io/lasid-viewer LASID viewer]

==Misc==
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262774160294412288/1009119722702385193/Bealoideas_Index.pdf Béaloideas index]

[[Category:Irish]]

Irish/Resources

2024-08-31T13:37:30Z

Caoimhín: /* Grammar */ Change English GnaG link to web.archive.org

=Free resources on the internet=

==Textbooks==
* [https://bhillers.pages.iu.edu/buntus.html Buntús na Gaeilge] (mostly Standard Irish with a preference for Ulster options, dialect differences are noted)
* [https://drive.google.com/file/d/14r6uOpc_RgNdyccwTle7-9y6NbGh4sqN/view?usp=sharing Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Retypeset] (dialectal Munster Irish)
* [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1f3cOHk6-GClmUBkPpw4x85ZtlHoO0nQV/view?usp=sharing Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Scanned] (dialectal Munster Irish)
* [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1mXWSqVhYtVCcZa3hG5CGhXz-DIzdyZ_e/view?usp=sharing Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Audio] (dialectal Munster Irish)
The retypeset version of Teach Yourself Irish has the audio built in and more reliable search, but it also has typos and even stunning errors where the retypesetter has added incorrect footnotes.

==Video series==
* Now You're Talking (Ulster Irish)
** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7nz--LpYC30 Video series on Youtube]
** [https://eolas38.wixsite.com/ultach/copy-of-aonad-1 Textbook + Audio + Video]
* [http://www.ceimaraghaidh.ie/don-fhoghlaimeoir/ Céim Ar Aghaidh] (Ulster Irish, for advanced learners)

==Podcasts==
* [http://culturlann.org/beginner%20podcast Beginner Podcast series from Cultúrlann Uí Chanáin] (Ulster Irish)

==Spelling and Pronunciation==
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oIokUII7LX0 Introduction to the Irish spelling] (Video)
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120321160459/http://www.ultach.dsl.pipex.com/ForLearners/UIPron.doc Ulster Irish, A Pronunciation Guide]
* [http://www.fuaimeanna.ie/en/ Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge] (Sounds of Irish with sample recordings in three dialects)
** A site to go along with the book ''Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge''. Contains recordings from native speakers of each main dialect area (specifically, Gaoth Dobhair in Donegal, An Ceathrú Rua in Connemara and Corca Dhuibhne in Kerry) pronouncing each phoneme in the language. The book contains lists of minimal pairs as well.
* [https://www.cogg.ie/wp-content/uploads/Understanding-Irish-Spelling-A-Handbook-for-Teachers-and-Learners-by-Dr.-Nancy-Stenson-and-Dr.-Tina-Hickey-1.pdf Understanding Irish Spelling: A Handbook for Teachers and Learners]
* [https://www.forasnagaeilge.ie/about/an-gum/focloir-poca/?lang=en Foclóir Póca - Description and Phonetic Guide] pdf and audio files containing an introduction to the standardised system of pronunciation sometimes known as "lárchanúint" (central dialect) devised by Dónall Ó Baoill

==Dictionaries (with pronunciation)==
* [https://www.teanglann.ie/en Teanglann]
** An online version of de Bhaldraithe's English-Irish Dictionary (EID) and Ó Dónall's Foclór Gaeilge-Béarla (FGB), as well as An Foclóir Beag and a grammar tab and pronunciation tab. Very handy to look up words.
* [https://www.focloir.ie/ New English-Irish Dictionary (NEID)]

==Grammar==
* Gramadach na Gaeilge (GnaG): An online grammar covering just about anything you can think of for Irish. Does contain some mistakes, but the most comprehensive free grammar you can find. (Sometimes a bit technical, but if you can deal with grammar terminology, very useful)
** [https://web.archive.org/web/20240305051354fw_/http://www.nualeargais.ie/gnag/gramadac.htm English translation of an older version]
** [http://braesicke.de/gramadac.htm German original version]
* [https://data.oireachtas.ie/ie/oireachtas/caighdeanOifigiul/2017/2017-08-03_an-caighdean-oifigiuil-2017_en.pdf An Caighdeán Oifigiúil] (the official standard; written in Irish)
* [http://www.reimnigh.com/ Réimnigh]: Conjugation tables for common verbs (standard and all three major dialects)

==Word games==
* [https://www.foclach.com/ Foclach]: Wordle in Irish
* [https://www.litreach.ie/ Litreach]: Spell the words you hear
* [https://cadhan.com/beach/ga/index.html# Cíor Thuathail]: Find as many Irish words as you can
* [https://seafóid.com/ Seafóid!] An Irish adaption of the Waffle game

==Media==
=== Raidió na Gaeltachta (RnaG) ===
[https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/ Raidió na Gaeltachta] is an Irish-language radio station. They broadcast a wide variety of programmes, including:

* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/adhmhaidin/ Adhmhaidin]: A(n) (inter)national current affairs show, with speakers from '''all over Ireland'''
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/an-saol-o-dheas/ An Saol Ó Dheas]: Current affairs from '''Munster''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/barrscealta/ Barrscéalta]: Current affairs in '''Donegal''', usually with presenters from Gaoth Dobhair
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/iris-aniar/ Iris Aniar]: Current affairs in '''Connacht''' and '''Meath''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included

=== TG4 ===
[https://www.tg4.ie TG4] is the Irish-language television station. Plays a variety of programmes from a variety of different topics. Most programmes only contain burnt-in English subs, but this is changing recently. Various recommended programmes include:

* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/lifestyle-tv-shows/?series=Comhr%C3%A1&genre=Saolchlar Comhrá]: A regular conversation show between iconic host Máirtín Tom Sheáinín and a different guest where he talks with them about their life experiences
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/childrens-tv-shows/ Cúla4]: Kids programming on TG4. Good for children or those who want to practice with vocabulary/structures aimed at a child's ability. Might be boring for adults.
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=Nuacht%20TG4&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Nuacht TG4]: The daily news show. High quality presenters. Contains no subtitles.
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/drama-tv-shows/?series=Ros%20na%20R%C3%BAn%20(S25)&genre=Drama Ros na Rún]: An Irish-language soap opera, running since 1996 with over 1500 episodes. Later seasons have options for English subs or Irish subs. Earlier seasons and episodes can be found on YouTube.
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=7%20L%C3%A1&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Seacht Lá]: Politics and the economy, regional, national and international affairs. Live debate on the major issues of the day with a panel of analysts, experts and political pundits. No subtitles.

=== Vifax ===
[https://vifax.maynoothuniversity.ie/ Vifax] is a website created and updated by Maynooth University, which takes clips from Nuacht TG4 and transcribes them. They also include questions at various levels (beginner, intermediate, advanced) to help guide listening and focus on listening ability. Very useful resource to practice listening ability.

There is also a helpful blog post about [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/how-to-best-use-vifax-at-any-level/ how to use Vifax at varying levels].

==Apps==
* [http://www.duolingo.com Duolingo]: It's all right when you have the right expectations. I found it useful for vocabulary and just practice in general, but I wouldn't recommend it as the only thing to use.
** The mobile apps don't provide to the tips page that each skill has in the web version. You can refer to [https://duome.eu/tips/en/ga duome.eu] to read them on mobile.

==Blogs and other dialectal resources==
Most of these blogs focus on specific regional dialects.

===Southern Scotland and East Ulster===

* [http://dalriada.scot/ dalriada.scot]: "Dail Riada" (Central Argyll), Southern Scotland
* [https://gaidhligarainn.blogspot.com/ gaidhligarainn.blogspot]: Arran, Southern Scotland
* [http://rathlingaelic.blogspot.com/ rathlingaelic.blogspot]: Rathlin
* [https://gaedhilgreachraidh.blogspot.com/ gaedhilgreachraidh.blogspot]: Rathlin
* [http://cluaindaimh.blogspot.com/ cluaindaimh.blogspot]: Cluain Daimh (Clonduff), co. Down
* [http://irishofthefews.blogspot.com/ irishofthefews.blogspot]: the Fews, south co. Armagh
* [http://oirialla.blogspot.com/ oirialla.blogspot]: Oriel
* [https://archive.org/details/mionaintnamieag00dubhgoog/ Mion-ċaint na Miḋe agus Ulaḋ (Pádraig Ó Dubhthaigh)]: a book from 1905 with information on the extinct Meath dialect
* [https://gaeltachtnaspeirini.blogspot.com/ gaeltachtnaspeirini.blogspot]: the Sperrins, co. Tyrone
* [https://inishowenirish.blogspot.com/ inishowenirish.blogspot]: Inishowen, co. Donegal

===West Ulster===

* [https://gaedhilgthoraighe.blogspot.com/ gaedhilgthoraighe.blogspot]: Tory, co. Donegal
* [https://ramasbearoide.blogspot.com/ ramasbearoide.blogspot]: mostly north co. Donegal
* [http://www.rannnafeirste.com/ rannnafeirste.com]: Rann na Feirste, co. Donegal

===Connaught===

* [http://gaeilgeiorrais.ie/index.php/canuinti-local-dialects gaeilgeiorrais.ie]: some resources for Iorras, co. Mayo
* [https://www.irishlanguageincountymayo.com/ irishlanguageincountymayo.com]: co. Mayo
* [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/ gaeilgechonamara.com]: Conamara, co. Galway
* [https://gaeiglenalachan.wordpress.com/ gaeiglenalachan.wordpress]: Mionlach, co. Galway

===West Munster===

* [https://corkirish.wordpress.com/ corkirish.wordpress]: co. Cork
* [https://muiris.net/ muiris.net]: most Cléire (Cape Clear), co. Cork

===East Munster===

* [https://tonyofloinn.weebly.com/gaelainn-oirthear-chorcaiacute.html/ tonyofloinn.weebly]: East Cork

===Leinster===

* [http://kilkennyirish.blogspot.com/ kilkennyirish.blogspot]: co. Kilkenny
* [https://gaeiligchillechoinnigh.blogspot.com/ gaeiligchillechoinnigh.blogspot]: co. Kilkenny
* [http://dublingaelic.blogspot.com/ dublingaelic.blogspot]: Dublin (the historical dialects, not post-revival)

===General===

* [https://www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk/oduibhin/index.htm Gaelic Resources - Ciarán Ó Duibhín] mostly West Ulster, some East Ulster and Scottish stuff

==Misc==
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262774160294412288/1009119722702385193/Bealoideas_Index.pdf Béaloideas index]

[[Category:Irish]]

Breton/Resources

2024-08-27T17:16:42Z

Caoimhín: /* Breton vannetais */ Added title to links

== Resources in English ==

=== Textbooks and textbook-like online courses ===
* [http://www.kervarker.org/en/lessons_01_toc.html A course adapted from the book "Ni a gomz brezhoneg"]
* [https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Brezhoneg_Unan Wikiversity course] (link to first lesson)
* Colloquial Breton:
** [https://archive.org/details/ColloquialBreton Textbook]
** [https://www.routledgetextbooks.com/textbooks/colloquial/language/breton.php Audio files]

=== Apps ===
* [https://app.memrise.com/course/735982/brezhoneg-buan-hag-aes-english-complete/ Memrise course]

=== Dictionaries ===
* https://glosbe.com/en/br

=== Misc ===
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breton_mutations Breton mutations (Wikipedia)]
* [https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03094550/document The politeness systems of address, variations across Breton dialects]

== Resources in French ==
=== Online courses ===
* [http://www.kervarker.org/fr/lessons_01_toc.html A course adapted from the book "Ni a gomz brezhoneg"]
* [https://www.loecsen.com/fr/cours-breton loecsen: Cours de breton]

=== Dictionaries ===
* https://glosbe.com/fr/br
* https://geriafurch.bzh/fr?q=&d=frbr (bien, donne plusieurs variantes d'un mot avec des exemples)
* https://displeger.bzh/fr/search_advanced?term_advanced=attacher&language=fr (bien, donne plusieurs variantes d'un mot avec des exemples de situation)
* https://tatoeba.org/de/sentences/search?from=fra&to=bre (donne des exemples de phrases avec le mot recherché)

=== Misc ===
* [https://brezhonegarbobl.forumgratuit.org/t80-leoriou-brezoneg-livres-en-breton List of Breton books]

== Youtube videos and channels ==
=== Breton unifié ===
* https://www.youtube.com/user/francetroisbretagne
* https://www.youtube.com/c/BrezhowebBzh
* https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCOzdjvWQozuRycrvgxikZ9w
* https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCu2898a4ZI4OHV1qrYoDC-A
* https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLoBwP5LS7CTNgvd9UbwU-P6XjpmgPMuBd
* https://youtu.be/bR4Fyvqs928

=== Breton vannetais ===

* [https://www.youtube.com/@le_breton_vannetais_en_vrai Le breton vannetais en vrai]
* [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCne-g9ps6QAhUmd0yrive0g Seongwoo KANG]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8OVZOnm672A Hélène b'ar skol : ne ouie 'met brezhoneg]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZFPcBIvRc_M BNP 05 AD Ár manezioù Gwened / Monts de Vannes]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQ1WwFnzidE&t=90s Penaos seùél ur sonenn de zansal ? (VOSTFR -VOSTBR)]

=== Breton cornouaillais ===
* https://youtu.be/gMCW-0Nr5uk?list=PLka5RgCn3tyTOiImKcYdKNpBB14vUxYz_
* https://youtu.be/QX9jWzPCXY8
* https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCyNL3_-ZMXv60cDdNciDEXg/videos
* https://youtu.be/3dyFtIcv9KE
* https://youtu.be/HAdBrKFfHDU?list=PLka5RgCn3tyTOiImKcYdKNpBB14vUxYz_
* https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCeNSIhoSMIPL_bQXDQb_fgA/videos
* https://youtu.be/LWc2cUSIKbQ
* https://www.youtube.com/c/BrezhonegBew

=== Breton Léonard ===
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0cRPKggxGrw&t=1s
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BtfNGS9nbYo&t=28s
* https://youtu.be/0cRPKggxGrw
* https://youtu.be/G-em3lkml4U

=== Breton Trégorois ===
* https://youtu.be/bLFg2XNOu08
* https://youtu.be/hNxC_sGAeKg
* https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCNDqa1LJkLaPP_x01lbI4kA
* https://youtu.be/2cJnCIEXgOM
* https://youtu.be/my3knvbSfj0
* https://youtu.be/T3eKsNYgAT4?list=PLka5RgCn3tyTOiImKcYdKNpBB14vUxYz_
* https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCMNRBq_tgF5DqcOPKaCmqAA

Breton/Resources

2024-08-27T17:14:37Z

Caoimhín: /* Breton vannetais */ Added "Le breton vannetais en vrai"

== Resources in English ==

=== Textbooks and textbook-like online courses ===
* [http://www.kervarker.org/en/lessons_01_toc.html A course adapted from the book "Ni a gomz brezhoneg"]
* [https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Brezhoneg_Unan Wikiversity course] (link to first lesson)
* Colloquial Breton:
** [https://archive.org/details/ColloquialBreton Textbook]
** [https://www.routledgetextbooks.com/textbooks/colloquial/language/breton.php Audio files]

=== Apps ===
* [https://app.memrise.com/course/735982/brezhoneg-buan-hag-aes-english-complete/ Memrise course]

=== Dictionaries ===
* https://glosbe.com/en/br

=== Misc ===
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breton_mutations Breton mutations (Wikipedia)]
* [https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03094550/document The politeness systems of address, variations across Breton dialects]

== Resources in French ==
=== Online courses ===
* [http://www.kervarker.org/fr/lessons_01_toc.html A course adapted from the book "Ni a gomz brezhoneg"]
* [https://www.loecsen.com/fr/cours-breton loecsen: Cours de breton]

=== Dictionaries ===
* https://glosbe.com/fr/br
* https://geriafurch.bzh/fr?q=&d=frbr (bien, donne plusieurs variantes d'un mot avec des exemples)
* https://displeger.bzh/fr/search_advanced?term_advanced=attacher&language=fr (bien, donne plusieurs variantes d'un mot avec des exemples de situation)
* https://tatoeba.org/de/sentences/search?from=fra&to=bre (donne des exemples de phrases avec le mot recherché)

=== Misc ===
* [https://brezhonegarbobl.forumgratuit.org/t80-leoriou-brezoneg-livres-en-breton List of Breton books]

== Youtube videos and channels ==
=== Breton unifié ===
* https://www.youtube.com/user/francetroisbretagne
* https://www.youtube.com/c/BrezhowebBzh
* https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCOzdjvWQozuRycrvgxikZ9w
* https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCu2898a4ZI4OHV1qrYoDC-A
* https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLoBwP5LS7CTNgvd9UbwU-P6XjpmgPMuBd
* https://youtu.be/bR4Fyvqs928

=== Breton vannetais ===

* https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCne-g9ps6QAhUmd0yrive0g
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8OVZOnm672A
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZFPcBIvRc_M
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQ1WwFnzidE&t=90s
* [https://www.youtube.com/@le_breton_vannetais_en_vrai Le breton vannetais en vrai]

=== Breton cornouaillais ===
* https://youtu.be/gMCW-0Nr5uk?list=PLka5RgCn3tyTOiImKcYdKNpBB14vUxYz_
* https://youtu.be/QX9jWzPCXY8
* https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCyNL3_-ZMXv60cDdNciDEXg/videos
* https://youtu.be/3dyFtIcv9KE
* https://youtu.be/HAdBrKFfHDU?list=PLka5RgCn3tyTOiImKcYdKNpBB14vUxYz_
* https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCeNSIhoSMIPL_bQXDQb_fgA/videos
* https://youtu.be/LWc2cUSIKbQ
* https://www.youtube.com/c/BrezhonegBew

=== Breton Léonard ===
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0cRPKggxGrw&t=1s
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BtfNGS9nbYo&t=28s
* https://youtu.be/0cRPKggxGrw
* https://youtu.be/G-em3lkml4U

=== Breton Trégorois ===
* https://youtu.be/bLFg2XNOu08
* https://youtu.be/hNxC_sGAeKg
* https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCNDqa1LJkLaPP_x01lbI4kA
* https://youtu.be/2cJnCIEXgOM
* https://youtu.be/my3knvbSfj0
* https://youtu.be/T3eKsNYgAT4?list=PLka5RgCn3tyTOiImKcYdKNpBB14vUxYz_
* https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCMNRBq_tgF5DqcOPKaCmqAA

Irish/Getting started

2023-09-04T21:04:57Z

Caoimhín: Updated link for Buntús na Gaeilge

== Some useful resources for beginners ==
Different people have different learning styles, but most learners of Irish want to follow some kind of course. You can start with one of the following:

* [https://eolas38.wixsite.com/ultach/copy-of-aonad-1 Now You're Talking] (or [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7nz--LpYC30 just the videos on Youtube]) is centered around videos and a great way to become familiar with actual spoken Irish.
* [https://bhillers.pages.iu.edu/buntus.html Buntús na Gaeilge] is a freely available text book, if you prefer reading instead.

The [[Irish/Resources|full list of resources]] has additional alternatives in case you find you don't like these, or you're interested in a specific other dialect.

If you're new to the Gaelic languages, the Irish spelling might look a bit intimidating at first. It's not inherently hard, and in fact more regular than English spelling, but probably different from what you're used to (and for good reasons - Irish has a lot more consonant sounds than the alphabet has letters, so it had to come up with some solution). So it's a good idea to explicitly learn something about Irish spelling first. You may want to watch this [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oIokUII7LX0 video about the basics of Irish spelling].

Finally, you'll often need a dictionary. [https://www.teanglann.ie/en Teanglann] is generally considered the best online dictionary, which actually contains a digitised version of three different dictionaries. It also has recordings for the pronunciation of many words in the three major dialects.

== Using the language ==
The best way for learning a language is not just getting input, but actively using it, because this forces you to think about how to express things and to look up unknown words. Feel free to join the Celtic Languages Discord server and just start chatting with whatever Irish you have. Of course, you can also ask questions about Irish there.

== The status of the Irish language ==
Something to be aware of when starting to learn Irish is that despite officially being the first language of Ireland and almost half of the Irish population reporting to speak Irish in the census, it really is a small minority language. Most people reporting in the census that they speak Irish aren't proficient speakers, but just learnt it to some level at school, where it is a mandatory subject. This leads to the rather unusual situation that learners outnumber native speakers by far.

What this means for you is that you'll encounter content made by other learners who might not have good Irish themselves. If you're interested in learning good Irish, don't trust random videos about Irish on Youtube. They probably contain errors.

== Dialects and Standard Irish ==
Irish is only a weakly standardised language. In particular, there is only a written standard (called ''An Caighdeán Oifigiúil''), but no standard pronunciation. So you'll always use the [[Irish/Irish Phonology | pronunciation of a particular dialect]], even if you're keeping to the written standard otherwise.

Dialects are often discussed with Irish (especially on the Celtic Languages Discord server), and picking one will make sure that you learn a consistent form of the language. However, if you don't know yet [[Irish/Dialects | which one to pick]], don't worry. It's still one language and the dialects are close enough to each other so that people understand each other. So in this case, it's best to start with the standard and use any pronunciation (as long as it is valid in at least one dialect) - you can always switch to a specific dialect later.

[[Category:Irish]]

Irish/Resources

2023-01-23T22:16:26Z

Caoimhín: Added a few online word games

=Free resources on the internet=

==Textbooks==
* [https://bhillers.pages.iu.edu/buntus.html Buntús na Gaeilge] (mostly Standard Irish with a preference for Ulster options, dialect differences are noted)
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732765046152888321/TYI_MilesDillion_1961_Retypeset.pdf Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Retypeset] (dialectal Munster Irish)
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732764925994336406/TYI_MilesDillon_1961_Scanned.pdf Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Scanned] (dialectal Munster Irish)
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732765118319820840/TYI_mp3.zip Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Audio] (dialectal Munster Irish)
The retypeset version of Teach Yourself Irish has the audio built in and more reliable search, but it also has typos and even stunning errors where the retypesetter has added incorrect footnotes.

==Video series==
* Now You're Talking (Ulster Irish)
** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7nz--LpYC30 Video series on Youtube]
** [https://eolas38.wixsite.com/ultach/copy-of-aonad-1 Textbook + Audio + Video]
* [http://www.ceimaraghaidh.ie/don-fhoghlaimeoir/ Céim Ar Aghaidh] (Ulster Irish, for advanced learners)

==Podcasts==
* [http://culturlann.org/beginner%20podcast Beginner Podcast series from Cultúrlann Uí Chanáin] (Ulster Irish)

==Spelling and Pronunciation==
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oIokUII7LX0 Introduction to the Irish spelling] (Video)
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120321160459/http://www.ultach.dsl.pipex.com/ForLearners/UIPron.doc Ulster Irish, A Pronunciation Guide]
* [http://www.fuaimeanna.ie/en/ Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge] (Sounds of Irish with sample recordings in three dialects)
** A site to go along with the book ''Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge''. Contains recordings from native speakers of each main dialect area (specifically, Gaoth Dobhair in Donegal, An Ceathrú Rua in Connemara and Corca Dhuibhne in Kerry) pronouncing each phoneme in the language. The book contains lists of minimal pairs as well.
* [https://www.cogg.ie/wp-content/uploads/Understanding-Irish-Spelling-A-Handbook-for-Teachers-and-Learners-by-Dr.-Nancy-Stenson-and-Dr.-Tina-Hickey-1.pdf Understanding Irish Spelling: A Handbook for Teachers and Learners]
* [https://www.forasnagaeilge.ie/about/an-gum/focloir-poca/?lang=en Foclóir Póca - Description and Phonetic Guide] pdf and audio files containing an introduction to the standardised system of pronunciation sometimes known as "lárchanúint" (central dialect) devised by Dónall Ó Baoill

==Dictionaries (with pronunciation)==
* [https://www.teanglann.ie/en Teanglann]
** An online version of de Bhaldraithe's English-Irish Dictionary (EID) and Ó Dónall's Foclór Gaeilge-Béarla (FGB), as well as An Foclóir Beag and a grammar tab and pronunciation tab. Very handy to look up words.
* [https://www.focloir.ie/ New English-Irish Dictionary (NEID)]

==Grammar==
* Gramadach na Gaeilge (GnaG): An online grammar covering just about anything you can think of for Irish. Does contain some mistakes, but the most comprehensive free grammar you can find. (Sometimes a bit technical, but if you can deal with grammar terminology, very useful)
** [http://nualeargais.ie/gnag/gramadac.htm English translation of an older version]
** [http://braesicke.de/gramadac.htm German original version]
* [https://data.oireachtas.ie/ie/oireachtas/caighdeanOifigiul/2017/2017-08-03_an-caighdean-oifigiuil-2017_en.pdf An Caighdeán Oifigiúil] (the official standard; written in Irish)
* [http://www.reimnigh.com/ Réimnigh]: Conjugation tables for common verbs (standard and all three major dialects)

==Word games==
* [https://www.foclach.com/ Foclach]: Wordle in Irish
* [https://www.litreach.ie/ Litreach]: Spell the words you hear
* [https://cadhan.com/beach/ga/index.html# Cíor Thuathail]: Find as many Irish words as you can
* [https://seafóid.com/ Seafóid!] An Irish adaption of the Waffle game

==Media==
=== Raidió na Gaeltachta (RnaG) ===
[https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/ Raidió na Gaeltachta] is an Irish-language radio station. They broadcast a wide variety of programmes, including:

* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/adhmhaidin/ Adhmhaidin]: A(n) (inter)national current affairs show, with speakers from '''all over Ireland'''
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/an-saol-o-dheas/ An Saol Ó Dheas]: Current affairs from '''Munster''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/barrscealta/ Barrscéalta]: Current affairs in '''Donegal''', usually with presenters from Gaoth Dobhair
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/iris-aniar/ Iris Aniar]: Current affairs in '''Connacht''' and '''Meath''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included

=== TG4 ===
[https://www.tg4.ie TG4] is the Irish-language television station. Plays a variety of programmes from a variety of different topics. Most programmes only contain burnt-in English subs, but this is changing recently. Various recommended programmes include:

* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/lifestyle-tv-shows/?series=Comhr%C3%A1&genre=Saolchlar Comhrá]: A regular conversation show between iconic host Máirtín Tom Sheáinín and a different guest where he talks with them about their life experiences
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/childrens-tv-shows/ Cúla4]: Kids programming on TG4. Good for children or those who want to practice with vocabulary/structures aimed at a child's ability. Might be boring for adults.
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=Nuacht%20TG4&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Nuacht TG4]: The daily news show. High quality presenters. Contains no subtitles.
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/drama-tv-shows/?series=Ros%20na%20R%C3%BAn%20(S25)&genre=Drama Ros na Rún]: An Irish-language soap opera, running since 1996 with over 1500 episodes. Later seasons have options for English subs or Irish subs. Earlier seasons and episodes can be found on YouTube.
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=7%20L%C3%A1&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Seacht Lá]: Politics and the economy, regional, national and international affairs. Live debate on the major issues of the day with a panel of analysts, experts and political pundits. No subtitles.

=== Vifax ===
[https://vifax.maynoothuniversity.ie/ Vifax] is a website created and updated by Maynooth University, which takes clips from Nuacht TG4 and transcribes them. They also include questions at various levels (beginner, intermediate, advanced) to help guide listening and focus on listening ability. Very useful resource to practice listening ability.

There is also a helpful blog post about [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/how-to-best-use-vifax-at-any-level/ how to use Vifax at varying levels].

==Apps==
* [http://www.duolingo.com Duolingo]: It's all right when you have the right expectations. I found it useful for vocabulary and just practice in general, but I wouldn't recommend it as the only thing to use.
** The mobile apps don't provide to the tips page that each skill has in the web version. You can refer to [https://duome.eu/tips/en/ga duome.eu] to read them on mobile.

==Blogs and other dialectal resources==
Most of these blogs focus on specific regional dialects.

===Southern Scotland and East Ulster===

* [http://dalriada.scot/ dalriada.scot]: "Dail Riada" (Central Argyll), Southern Scotland
* [https://gaidhligarainn.blogspot.com/ gaidhligarainn.blogspot]: Arran, Southern Scotland
* [http://rathlingaelic.blogspot.com/ rathlingaelic.blogspot]: Rathlin
* [https://gaedhilgreachraidh.blogspot.com/ gaedhilgreachraidh.blogspot]: Rathlin
* [http://cluaindaimh.blogspot.com/ cluaindaimh.blogspot]: Cluain Daimh (Clonduff), co. Down
* [http://irishofthefews.blogspot.com/ irishofthefews.blogspot]: the Fews, south co. Armagh
* [http://oirialla.blogspot.com/ oirialla.blogspot]: Oriel
* [https://archive.org/details/mionaintnamieag00dubhgoog/ Mion-ċaint na Miḋe agus Ulaḋ (Pádraig Ó Dubhthaigh)]: a book from 1905 with information on the extinct Meath dialect
* [https://gaeltachtnaspeirini.blogspot.com/ gaeltachtnaspeirini.blogspot]: the Sperrins, co. Tyrone
* [https://inishowenirish.blogspot.com/ inishowenirish.blogspot]: Inishowen, co. Donegal

===West Ulster===

* [https://gaedhilgthoraighe.blogspot.com/ gaedhilgthoraighe.blogspot]: Tory, co. Donegal
* [https://ramasbearoide.blogspot.com/ ramasbearoide.blogspot]: mostly north co. Donegal
* [http://www.rannnafeirste.com/ rannnafeirste.com]: Rann na Feirste, co. Donegal

===Connaught===

* [http://gaeilgeiorrais.ie/index.php/canuinti-local-dialects gaeilgeiorrais.ie]: some resources for Iorras, co. Mayo
* [https://www.irishlanguageincountymayo.com/ irishlanguageincountymayo.com]: co. Mayo
* [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/ gaeilgechonamara.com]: Conamara, co. Galway
* [https://gaeiglenalachan.wordpress.com/ gaeiglenalachan.wordpress]: Mionlach, co. Galway

===West Munster===

* [https://corkirish.wordpress.com/ corkirish.wordpress]: co. Cork
* [https://muiris.net/ muiris.net]: most Cléire (Cape Clear), co. Cork

===East Munster===

* [https://tonyofloinn.weebly.com/gaelainn-oirthear-chorcaiacute.html/ tonyofloinn.weebly]: East Cork

===Leinster===

* [http://kilkennyirish.blogspot.com/ kilkennyirish.blogspot]: co. Kilkenny
* [https://gaeiligchillechoinnigh.blogspot.com/ gaeiligchillechoinnigh.blogspot]: co. Kilkenny
* [http://dublingaelic.blogspot.com/ dublingaelic.blogspot]: Dublin (the historical dialects, not post-revival)

===General===

* [https://www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk/oduibhin/index.htm Gaelic Resources - Ciarán Ó Duibhín] mostly West Ulster, some East Ulster and Scottish stuff

==Misc==
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262774160294412288/1009119722702385193/Bealoideas_Index.pdf Béaloideas index]

[[Category:Irish]]

Irish/Resources

2022-08-21T09:41:56Z

Caoimhín: Béaloideas index

=Free resources on the internet=

==Textbooks==
* [https://bhillers.pages.iu.edu/buntus.html Buntús na Gaeilge] (mostly Standard Irish with a preference for Ulster options, dialect differences are noted)
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732765046152888321/TYI_MilesDillion_1961_Retypeset.pdf Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Retypeset] (dialectal Munster Irish)
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732764925994336406/TYI_MilesDillon_1961_Scanned.pdf Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Scanned] (dialectal Munster Irish)
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732765118319820840/TYI_mp3.zip Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Audio] (dialectal Munster Irish)
The retypeset version of Teach Yourself Irish has the audio built in and more reliable search, but it also has typos.

==Video series==
* Now You're Talking (Ulster Irish)
** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7nz--LpYC30 Video series on Youtube]
** [https://eolas38.wixsite.com/ultach/copy-of-aonad-1 Textbook + Audio + Video]
* [http://www.ceimaraghaidh.ie/don-fhoghlaimeoir/ Céim Ar Aghaidh] (Ulster Irish, for advanced learners)

==Podcasts==
* [http://culturlann.org/beginner%20podcast Beginner Podcast series from Cultúrlann Uí Chanáin] (Ulster Irish)

==Spelling and Pronunciation==
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oIokUII7LX0 Introduction to the Irish spelling] (Video)
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120321160459/http://www.ultach.dsl.pipex.com/ForLearners/UIPron.doc Ulster Irish, A Pronunciation Guide]
* [http://www.fuaimeanna.ie/en/ Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge] (Sounds of Irish with sample recordings in three dialects)
** A site to go along with the book ''Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge''. Contains recordings from native speakers of each main dialect area (specifically, Gaoth Dobhair in Donegal, An Ceathrú Rua in Connemara and Corca Dhuibhne in Kerry) pronouncing each phoneme in the language. The book contains lists of minimal pairs as well.
* [https://www.cogg.ie/wp-content/uploads/Understanding-Irish-Spelling-A-Handbook-for-Teachers-and-Learners-by-Dr.-Nancy-Stenson-and-Dr.-Tina-Hickey-1.pdf Understanding Irish Spelling: A Handbook for Teachers and Learners]
* [https://www.forasnagaeilge.ie/about/an-gum/focloir-poca/?lang=en Foclóir Póca - Description and Phonetic Guide] pdf and audio files containing an introduction to the standardised system of pronunciation sometimes known as "lárchanúint" (central dialect) devised by Dónall Ó Baoill

==Dictionaries (with pronunciation)==
* [https://www.teanglann.ie/en Teanglann]
** An online version of de Bhaldraithe's English-Irish Dictionary (EID) and Ó Dónall's Foclór Gaeilge-Béarla (FGB), as well as An Foclóir Beag and a grammar tab and pronunciation tab. Very handy to look up words.
* [https://www.focloir.ie/ New English-Irish Dictionary (NEID)]

==Grammar==
* Gramadach na Gaeilge (GnaG): An online grammar covering just about anything you can think of for Irish. Does contain some mistakes, but the most comprehensive free grammar you can find. (Sometimes a bit technical, but if you can deal with grammar terminology, very useful)
** [http://nualeargais.ie/gnag/gramadac.htm English translation of an older version]
** [http://braesicke.de/gramadac.htm German original version]
* [https://data.oireachtas.ie/ie/oireachtas/caighdeanOifigiul/2017/2017-08-03_an-caighdean-oifigiuil-2017_en.pdf An Caighdeán Oifigiúil] (the official standard; written in Irish)
* [http://www.reimnigh.com/ Réimnigh]: Conjugation tables for common verbs (standard and all three major dialects)

==Media==
=== Raidió na Gaeltachta (RnaG) ===
[https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/ Raidió na Gaeltachta] is an Irish-language radio station. They broadcast a wide variety of programmes, including:

* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/adhmhaidin/ Adhmhaidin]: A(n) (inter)national current affairs show, with speakers from '''all over Ireland'''
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/an-saol-o-dheas/ An Saol Ó Dheas]: Current affairs from '''Munster''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/barrscealta/ Barrscéalta]: Current affairs in '''Donegal''', usually with presenters from Gaoth Dobhair
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/iris-aniar/ Iris Aniar]: Current affairs in '''Connacht''' and '''Meath''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included

=== TG4 ===
[https://www.tg4.ie TG4] is the Irish-language television station. Plays a variety of programmes from a variety of different topics. Most programmes only contain burnt-in English subs, but this is changing recently. Various recommended programmes include:

* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/lifestyle-tv-shows/?series=Comhr%C3%A1&genre=Saolchlar Comhrá]: A regular conversation show between iconic host Máirtín Tom Sheáinín and a different guest where he talks with them about their life experiences
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/childrens-tv-shows/ Cúla4]: Kids programming on TG4. Good for children or those who want to practice with vocabulary/structures aimed at a child's ability. Might be boring for adults.
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=Nuacht%20TG4&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Nuacht TG4]: The daily news show. High quality presenters. Contains no subtitles.
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/drama-tv-shows/?series=Ros%20na%20R%C3%BAn%20(S25)&genre=Drama Ros na Rún]: An Irish-language soap opera, running since 1996 with over 1500 episodes. Later seasons have options for English subs or Irish subs. Earlier seasons and episodes can be found on YouTube.
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=7%20L%C3%A1&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Seacht Lá]: Politics and the economy, regional, national and international affairs. Live debate on the major issues of the day with a panel of analysts, experts and political pundits. No subtitles.

=== Vifax ===
[https://vifax.maynoothuniversity.ie/ Vifax] is a website created and updated by Maynooth University, which takes clips from Nuacht TG4 and transcribes them. They also include questions at various levels (beginner, intermediate, advanced) to help guide listening and focus on listening ability. Very useful resource to practice listening ability.

There is also a helpful blog post about [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/how-to-best-use-vifax-at-any-level/ how to use Vifax at varying levels].

==Apps==
* [http://www.duolingo.com Duolingo]: It's all right when you have the right expectations. I found it useful for vocabulary and just practice in general, but I wouldn't recommend it as the only thing to use.
** The mobile apps don't provide to the tips page that each skill has in the web version. You can refer to [https://duome.eu/tips/en/ga duome.eu] to read them on mobile.

==Blogs==
Most of these blogs focus on specific regional dialects.

===Southern Scotland and East Ulster===

* [http://dalriada.scot/ dalriada.scot]: "Dail Riada" (Central Argyll), Southern Scotland
* [https://gaidhligarainn.blogspot.com/ gaidhligarainn.blogspot]: Arran, Southern Scotland
* [http://rathlingaelic.blogspot.com/ rathlingaelic.blogspot]: Rathlin
* [https://gaedhilgreachraidh.blogspot.com/ gaedhilgreachraidh.blogspot]: Rathlin
* [http://cluaindaimh.blogspot.com/ cluaindaimh.blogspot]: Cluain Daimh (Clonduff), co. Down
* [http://irishofthefews.blogspot.com/ irishofthefews.blogspot]: the Fews, south co. Armagh
* [http://oirialla.blogspot.com/ oirialla.blogspot]: Oriel
* [https://gaeltachtnaspeirini.blogspot.com/ gaeltachtnaspeirini.blogspot]: the Sperrins, co. Tyrone
* [https://inishowenirish.blogspot.com/ inishowenirish.blogspot]: Inishowen, co. Donegal

===West Ulster===

* [https://gaedhilgthoraighe.blogspot.com/ gaedhilgthoraighe.blogspot]: Tory, co. Donegal
* [https://ramasbearoide.blogspot.com/ ramasbearoide.blogspot]: mostly north co. Donegal
* [http://www.rannnafeirste.com/ rannnafeirste.com]: Rann na Feirste, co. Donegal

===Connaught===

* [http://gaeilgeiorrais.ie/index.php/canuinti-local-dialects gaeilgeiorrais.ie]: some resources for Iorras, co. Mayo
* [https://www.irishlanguageincountymayo.com/ irishlanguageincountymayo.com]: co. Mayo
* [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/ gaeilgechonamara.com]: Conamara, co. Galway
* [https://gaeiglenalachan.wordpress.com/ gaeiglenalachan.wordpress]: Mionlach, co. Galway

===West Munster===

* [https://corkirish.wordpress.com/ corkirish.wordpress]: co. Cork
* [https://muiris.net/ muiris.net]: most Cléire (Cape Clear), co. Cork

===East Munster===

* [https://tonyofloinn.weebly.com/gaelainn-oirthear-chorcaiacute.html/ tonyofloinn.weebly]: East Cork

===Leinster===

* [http://kilkennyirish.blogspot.com/ kilkennyirish.blogspot]: co. Kilkenny
* [https://gaeiligchillechoinnigh.blogspot.com/ gaeiligchillechoinnigh.blogspot]: co. Kilkenny
* [http://dublingaelic.blogspot.com/ dublingaelic.blogspot]: Dublin (the historical dialects, not post-revival)

===General===

* [https://www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk/oduibhin/index.htm Gaelic Resources - Ciarán Ó Duibhín] mostly West Ulster, some East Ulster and Scottish stuff

==Misc==
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262774160294412288/1009119722702385193/Bealoideas_Index.pdf Béaloideas index]

[[Category:Irish]]

Breton/Resources

2022-08-21T09:33:39Z

Caoimhín: List of resourced contributed by Salaün

== Resources in English ==

=== Textbooks and textbook-like online courses ===
* [http://www.kervarker.org/en/lessons_01_toc.html A course adapted from the book "Ni a gomz brezhoneg"]
* [https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Brezhoneg_Unan Wikiversity course] (link to first lesson)
* Colloquial Breton:
** [https://archive.org/details/ColloquialBreton Textbook]
** [https://www.routledgetextbooks.com/textbooks/colloquial/language/breton.php Audio files]

=== Apps ===
* [https://app.memrise.com/course/735982/brezhoneg-buan-hag-aes-english-complete/ Memrise course]

=== Dictionaries ===
* https://glosbe.com/en/br

=== Misc ===
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breton_mutations Breton mutations (Wikipedia)]
* [https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03094550/document The politeness systems of address, variations across Breton dialects]

== Resources in French ==
=== Online courses ===
* [http://www.kervarker.org/fr/lessons_01_toc.html A course adapted from the book "Ni a gomz brezhoneg"]
* [https://www.loecsen.com/fr/cours-breton loecsen: Cours de breton]

=== Dictionaries ===
* https://glosbe.com/fr/br
* https://geriafurch.bzh/fr?q=&d=frbr (bien, donne plusieurs variantes d'un mot avec des exemples)
* https://displeger.bzh/fr/search_advanced?term_advanced=attacher&language=fr (bien, donne plusieurs variantes d'un mot avec des exemples de situation)
* https://tatoeba.org/de/sentences/search?from=fra&to=bre (donne des exemples de phrases avec le mot recherché)

=== Misc ===
* [https://brezhonegarbobl.forumgratuit.org/t80-leoriou-brezoneg-livres-en-breton List of Breton books]

== Youtube videos and channels ==
=== Breton unifié ===
* https://www.youtube.com/user/francetroisbretagne
* https://www.youtube.com/c/BrezhowebBzh
* https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCOzdjvWQozuRycrvgxikZ9w
* https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCu2898a4ZI4OHV1qrYoDC-A
* https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLoBwP5LS7CTNgvd9UbwU-P6XjpmgPMuBd
* https://youtu.be/bR4Fyvqs928

=== Breton vannetais ===

* https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCne-g9ps6QAhUmd0yrive0g
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8OVZOnm672A
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZFPcBIvRc_M
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQ1WwFnzidE&t=90s

=== Breton cornouaillais ===
* https://youtu.be/gMCW-0Nr5uk?list=PLka5RgCn3tyTOiImKcYdKNpBB14vUxYz_
* https://youtu.be/QX9jWzPCXY8
* https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCyNL3_-ZMXv60cDdNciDEXg/videos
* https://youtu.be/3dyFtIcv9KE
* https://youtu.be/HAdBrKFfHDU?list=PLka5RgCn3tyTOiImKcYdKNpBB14vUxYz_
* https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCeNSIhoSMIPL_bQXDQb_fgA/videos
* https://youtu.be/LWc2cUSIKbQ
* https://www.youtube.com/c/BrezhonegBew

=== Breton Léonard ===
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0cRPKggxGrw&t=1s
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BtfNGS9nbYo&t=28s
* https://youtu.be/0cRPKggxGrw
* https://youtu.be/G-em3lkml4U

=== Breton Trégorois ===
* https://youtu.be/bLFg2XNOu08
* https://youtu.be/hNxC_sGAeKg
* https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCNDqa1LJkLaPP_x01lbI4kA
* https://youtu.be/2cJnCIEXgOM
* https://youtu.be/my3knvbSfj0
* https://youtu.be/T3eKsNYgAT4?list=PLka5RgCn3tyTOiImKcYdKNpBB14vUxYz_
* https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCMNRBq_tgF5DqcOPKaCmqAA

Breton/Pronunciation

2022-08-11T21:13:15Z

Caoimhín: Contributed by Salaün

= distagadur / pronunciation =

== Heñcher-API / IPA guide ==

https://www.internationalphoneticassociation.org/IPAcharts/inter_chart_2018/IPA_2018.html

== Brezhoneg e tu gwalarn Breizh: North West Breton pronunciation (summary). ==

=== Recall the phonetic signs of Breton ===

* simple: [b] [p] [g] [k] [d] [t] [v] [f] [h] [z] [s] [l] [m] [n] [w] and [i]
* ambiguous: most vowels + the nasals [~] and [ɥ]
* other signs: [ŋ] [ɲ] [χ] [ʎ] [ʃ] [ʒ] [j] [œ] [ø] [ɛ] [r] [ʁ]

Basic rules:
* Long vowel + short consonant = same time as short vowel + long consonant = same length
* long consonant = same length

=== Consonants ===

* Consonant pairs
** [b] and [p]
** [v] and [f]
** [g] and [k]
** [z] and [s]
** [d] and [t]
** [ʒ] and [ʃ]
** [χ] and [h]

* single consonants: [l] [m] and [n], as well as [ʎ] (written ill/ilh) , [ŋ] (e.g. ''frank, rank, ingal -ing/ink''), [ɲ]

=== Vowels ===

Apart from [ə] which is always short, all vowels can be long or short
Pronunciation of simple and complex letters and delicate groupings
(excluding diphthongs)

=== Sounds of the letters ===

* '''a''': [a] or [ɑ] (which is more often long as in bagoù)
* '''b''': [b] or [p] (in absolute finals = end of phrase or pause)
(when there is a "sneaky" couple in common compound sets, like ''pemp *pl(o)as'' instead of ''pemp bloaz'',
''me ga*f*-din'' instead of ''me gav din'' (more like in Leon), ''be' ploas'' instead of ''bep bloaz'',
''ma'-pihan'' instead of ''map bihan'').

* '''d''': [d] or [t] (in absolute finals + phenomenon of "sneaky" couples)
* '''e''': [e] or [ɛ] (in absolute finals)
* '''f''': [f] or [v] by adoussisant mutation: e.g. ''Fouilhez'', ''ar Vouilhe(z)''
* '''g''': [g] or [k] by hardening in the final absolute and during pauses + phenomenon of "sneaky" couples
* '''h''': [h] (most c'h's are pronounced as such) or mute.

* '''i''': [i] or [j]:
** When it is a syllable separated by a vowel that follows (e.g. ''Skïant'' (science), ''alïes'' (often), ''Studïañ'' (study))
** When "i" is after another vowel: If the vowel is unmistakable, the "i" is usually pronounced [j] (half-consonant when counting syllables): ''deiz'' (day) ''kreiz'' (centre) ''eiz'' (eight)<br/>But this is not always the case -> e.g. radicals followed by a suffix: if it's -ig, i -> [i] or [j]. We have ''roit'' ['roit] as well as ['roɛt], pronounced quickly we hear ['rojt].
** If the preceding vowel is a semi-consonant, the "i" can only be a vowel, e.g. ''mui'' (plus) ['mɥi] but the comparative sup. ''muioc'h'' is pronounced either ['mɥiɔχ] or ['myjɔχ] depending on the dialects and individuals as well as the superlative ''muañ'' ("most") and ''peurvuiañ'' ("most")
* '''j''': [ʒ] or [ʃ] depending on the dialect, in absolute final, "sneaky" couple...
* '''k''': [k] or [g] depending on the syllables, the place in the sentence
* '''l''': [l] long or short: pronunciation difference between ''-el'' and ''-ell'' suffixes e.g. ''Mel'' (in French ''miel'') [Me:l] "e" long and "l" short, and in ''Mell'' (French ''ball, mêlée, soule, articulation'') [mɛl'] "e" short and "l" long
** A muffle in final position is optional: [l̼]
* '''m''': always [m]:
** [m] before "a "s are always nasalized, examples: ''Mamm'' (mother) ['mãm:].
** The "o" are half nasalized or not nasalized at all: ''tomm'' (hot)
** The "e's" are not nasalised at all: ''lemm'' (sharp) ['lɛmː].
** e's are always short before "m/mm" ['lɛmː] ['lɛmː]
* '''n''': always [n] except when followed by "k" or "g" where it can be [ŋ]
** [n] note: before a single "n" (i.e. a short "n") the preceding vowel is entirely nasal [ã] or [ã:], [õ] or [õ:], [ẽ] or [ẽ:]
** On the other hand, in front of 2 n ("nn") the nasalization is less advanced -> e.g.: ''kan'' ['kãːn] (song) and ''kann'' [kãnː] (bright white, white glow)
* '''o''': [ɔ] or [o], sometimes [w] and [u] depending on the dialect, preceding and following vowels, consonants.
* '''p''': [p] or [b] by softening mutation, by syllable phenomenon.
* '''r''': often [ʁ] rarely [r] (especially in Leon), sometimes softened in final [ʁ̯] or [r̯].
* '''s''': [s] or [z] by softening mutation
* '''u''': always [y]
* '''w''': [w] [v] in leonard initial, sometimes [o] and [u].
* '''y''': always [y]
* '''z''': [z] or [s] but elided in some dialects
(especially Cornouaillais, Trégorois and Vannetais, and replaced by
an h in writing: e.g. ''neuhe'' instead of ''neuze'', ''behañ'' instead of ''bezañ'')

'''Note:''' This summary is not yet complete and will be updated regularly.

[[Category:Breton]]

MediaWiki:Common.css

2022-07-29T22:33:51Z

Caoimhín: Apparently Chromium doesn't understand font-feature-settings in @font-face

/* CSS placed here will be applied to all skins */
.IPA, .IPAchar {
font-family: Gentium,'Gentium Plus',GentiumAlt,'DejaVu Sans','Segoe UI','Lucida Grande','Charis SIL','Doulos SIL','TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Code2000','Lucida Sans Unicode',sans-serif;
font-size: 110%;
font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures;
}

@font-face {
font-family: "Bunchlo GC";
font-feature-settings: "ss01";
src: url("fonts/bungc.woff2");
}

.seanchlo {
font-family: "Bunchlo GC";
font-feature-settings: "ss01";
font-size: 110%;
}

MediaWiki:Common.css

2022-07-29T22:07:46Z

Caoimhín:

MediaWiki:Common.css

2022-07-29T21:40:50Z

Caoimhín: Added .seanchlo CSS class

/* CSS placed here will be applied to all skins */
.IPA, .IPAchar {
font-family: Gentium,'Gentium Plus',GentiumAlt,'DejaVu Sans','Segoe UI','Lucida Grande','Charis SIL','Doulos SIL','TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Code2000','Lucida Sans Unicode',sans-serif;
font-size: 110%;
font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures;
}

@font-face {
font-family: 'Bunchlo GC';
src: url(fonts/bungc.woff2);
}

.seanchlo {
font-family: 'Bunchlo GC';
}

Irish/Prepositions

2022-07-28T22:31:21Z

Caoimhín: Link for dialectal forms

The following tables show the most common Irish prepositions, the initial mutations they cause on the following word, and how they combine with personal pronouns. It is based on Standard Irish, the details vary in dialects.

For mutations after a preposition and the singular article "an", the official standard contains two different systems. The tables below include both variants. You can freely choose which one to use, but you should stay consistent and pick only one of them.
* CL: The ''Córas Lárnach'' is closer to the dialects in Connacht and Munster (mostly eclipses, but lenites for some prepositions)
* CS: The ''Córas an tSéimhithe'' is closer to the dialects in Ulster (only lenites, never eclipses)

The possible mutations on the following word are displayed in the table as follows:
* '''L''': Lenition (séimhiú)
* '''E''': Eclipsis (urú)
* '''ts''': Words that begin with "s" are prefixed with a "t". In the mutated word, the "s" is written only to show the base form of the word, but it is silent (i.e. only "t" is pronounced).
* '''ts (fem.)''': Same as above, but only for feminine nouns. Masculine nouns stay unmutated.
* '''- (d, t)''': Words beginning with "d" or "t" are not mutated.
* '''hV''': Words that begin with a vowel are prefixed with a "h".

{| class="wikitable"
! Irish !! ag !! ar !! as !! chuig !! de !! do !! faoi
|- style="background-color:#dddddd"
! English
| ''at'' || ''on'' || ''from''/''out of'' || ''to'' || ''of''/''off'' || ''to''/''for'' || ''under''/''about''
|-
! Special form before vowel sounds <ref group="note">This includes words starting with a vowel letter as well as words that start with a silent "fh" followed by a vowel</ref>
| - || - || - || - || d' || d' || -
|-
! Mutations without article
| - || L || - || - || L || L || L
|- style="background-color:#dddddd"
! Form with article
| ag an || ar an || as an || chuig an || den || don || faoin
|- style="background-color:#dddddd"
! Mutations with article (CL)
| E, ts (fem.), - (d, t) || E, ts (fem.), - (d, t) || E, ts (fem.), - (d, t) || E, ts (fem.), - (d, t) || L, ts (fem.), - (d, t) || L, ts (fem.), - (d, t) || E, ts (fem.), - (d, t)
|- style="background-color:#dddddd"
! Mutations with article (CS)
| L, ts, - (d, t) || L, ts, - (d, t) || L, ts, - (d, t) || L, ts, - (d, t) || L, ts, - (d, t) || L, ts, - (d, t) || L, ts, - (d, t)
|-
! + mé
| agam || orm || asam || chugam || díom || dom || fúm
|-
! + tú
| agat || ort || asat || chugat || díot || duit || fút
|-
! + sé
| aige || air || as || chuige || de || dó || faoi
|-
! + sí
| aici || uirthi || aisti || chuici || di || dí || fúithi
|-
! + muid/sinn
| againn || orainn || asainn || chugainn || dínn || dúinn || fúinn
|-
! + sibh
| agaibh || oraibh || asaibh || chugaibh || díbh || daoibh || fúibh
|-
! + siad
| acu || orthu || astu || chucu || díobh || dóibh || fúthu
|}

{| class="wikitable"
! Irish !! gan !! i !! idir !! le !! ó !! roimh !! thar !! trí
|- style="background-color:#dddddd"
! English
| ''without'' || ''in'' || ''between'' || ''with'' || ''from'' || ''before'' || ''over''/''past'' || ''through''
|-
! Special form before vowel sounds <ref group="note">This includes words starting with a vowel letter as well as words that start with a silent "fh" followed by a vowel</ref>
| - || in || - || - || - || - || - || -
|-
! Mutations without article
| (L) || E || (L) || hV || L || L || L || L
|- style="background-color:#dddddd"
! Form with article
| gan an || sa, san <ref group="note">"san" is used before a vowel sound</ref> || idir an || leis an || ón || roimh an || thar an || tríd an
|- style="background-color:#dddddd"
! Mutations with article (CL)
| - || L, ts (f), - (d, t) || - || E, ts (fem.), - (d, t) || E, ts (fem.), - (d, t) || E, ts (fem.), - (d, t) || E, ts (fem.), - (d, t) || E, ts (fem.), - (d, t)
|- style="background-color:#dddddd"
! Mutations with article (CS)
| - || L, ts, - (d, t) || - || L, ts, - (d, t) || L, ts, - (d, t) || L, ts, - (d, t) || L, ts, - (d, t) || L, ts, - (d, t)
|-
! + mé
| - || ionam || - || liom || uaim || romham || tharam || tríom
|-
! + tú
| - || ionat || - || leat || uait || romhat || tharat || tríot
|-
! + sé
| - || ann || - || leis || uaidh || roimhe || thairis || tríd
|-
! + sí
| - || inti || - || léi || uaithi || roimpi || thairti || tríthi
|-
! + muid/sinn
| - || ionainn || eadrainn || linn || uainn || romhainn || tharainn || trínn
|-
! + sibh
| - || ionaibh || eadraibh || libh || uaibh || romhaibh || tharaibh || tríbh
|-
! + siad
| - || iontu || eatarthu || leo || uathu || rompu || thartu || tríothu
|}

<references group="note" />

== External links ==
* [http://nualeargais.ie/gnag/praepos.htm Gramadach na Gaeilge: The prepositions]
* [http://annexedicoirlandais.free.fr/pronprep.html Prepositional pronouns in dialects]

[[Category:Irish]]

Irish/Prepositions

2022-07-28T22:29:27Z

Caoimhín: Created page with "The following tables show the most common Irish prepositions, the initial mutations they cause on the following word, and how they combine with personal pronouns. It is based..."

Welsh/Conjugations

2022-06-25T22:08:52Z

Caoimhín: Category Welsh

Similar to other Celtic languages and languages such as French, Spanish and German, verbs in Welsh are '''conjugated''' or inflected based on both tense and person.
This means that suffixes which are added at the end of the stem of the word transmits information about who and when the verb is referring to.
Compared to English, Welsh has generally very few irregular verbs.
Due to this, conjugations in Welsh is fairly straight forward.

= Irregular verbs =
This section will contain a brief overview of the 5 most irregular verbs in Welsh.
All of these 5 verbs are very common and their conjugated forms are used all the time.
=== Bod (to be) ===
=== Cael (to have) ===
=== Dod (to come) ===
=== Mynd (to go) ===
=== Gwneud (to do) ===

= Regular verbs =
=== Suffix table ===

{| class=wikitable
! Tense
! S1
! S2
! S3
! P1
! P2
! P3
|-
! Past
| -ais
| -aist
| -odd
| -on
| -och
| -on
|-
! Future
| -af/-a
| -i
| -iff/-ith
| -wn
| -wch
| -an
|-
! Conditional
| -wn
| -et
| -ai
| -en
| -ech
| -en
|-
! Imperative
|
| -a
|
|
| -wch
|
|}

=== Example ===

Here is the conjugation table for the verb '''gweld''' meaning ''to see''.

{| class=wikitable
! Tense
! S1
! S2
! S3
! P1
! P2
! P3
|-
! Past
| gwelais
| gwelaist
| gwelodd
| gwelon
| gweloch
| gwelon
|-
! Future
| gwelaf/gwela
| gweli
| gweliff/gwelith
| gwelwn
| gwelwch
| gwelan
|-
! Conditional
| gwelwn
| gwelet
| gwelai
| gwelen
| gwelech
| gwelen
|-
! Imperative
|
| gwela
|
|
| gwelwch
|
|}

= Tenses =
In this article we will go over the most common conjugations and paraphrastic ways of indicating the tense.
In spoken Welsh, using axillary verbs like bod and gwneud is more common than in formal written Welsh.

While more tenses are available, especially in written Welsh, this article will describe the most common ones:
present, past, future, conditional, and imperative as well as some available paraphrastic patterns.

== Particles ==
=== Yn / 'n ===
=== Wedi ===

== Present tense ==
In Welsh, present tense if formed using a paraphrastic pattern using the verb '''bod''' (to be) as an auxiliary verb.
This is the equivalent of using the verb to be in English, for example ''I '''am''' going''.
Bod is highly irregular, but for present tense these are some of the most common variants:

{| class="wikitable"
! colspan=3 | Welsh
! rowspan=2 | English
|-
! Affirmative
! Interrogative
! Negative
|-
| colspan=3 | Dw i
| rowspan=2 | I am
|-
| Rydw i
| Ydw i
| Dydw i
|-
| Rwyt ti
| Wyt ti
| Dwyt ti
| You are (singular)
|-
| Mae e/o/hi
| Ydy e/o/hi
| Dydy/Dyw e/o/hi
| He/she is
|-
| colspan=3 | Dyn/Dan ni
| We are
|-
| colspan=3 | Dych/Dach chi
| You are (plural)
|-
| Maen nhw
| Ydyn nhw
| Dydyn nhw
| They are
|-

|}

For a full overview of possible conjugations of bod, please consult the article specifically about bod.

By using a conjugation of bod, either yn or wedi, and a verb, we can form a pattern that indicate that something is taking place in the present time.
So for example:
: Rwyt ti'n mynd
: ''You are going''

: Mae hi'n mynd
: ''She is going''

Note that yn gets merged with the vowel in front and becomes ''''n'''

By using the particle wedi instead we get:
: Rwyt ti wedi mynd
: ''You have gone'''

=== Negative statements ===
If we want to negate the sentence, we need to insert the word '''ddim'' between a negative conjugation of bod and the particle we are using.
: Dwyt ti ddim yn mynd
: ''You are not going''

=== Questions ===
If we want to ask a question we simply replace the conjugation of bod with its interrogative version like:
: Wyt ti'n mynd?
: ''Are you going?''

== Past tense ==

=== Imperfect ===
=== Using gwneud ===

== Future tense ==
=== I will (bod) ===
=== I am going to (mynd i)===

== Conditional ==
== Imperative tense ==

[[Category:Welsh]]

Irish/Present tense in -idh

2022-06-25T22:07:05Z

Caoimhín: Category Irish

== Present tense forms in -idh ==

In older forms of the language the 3rd person present verb forms were in -idh, e.g. ''féadaidh sé'', ''ólaidh sé''. These forms are still used in certain dialects and contexts.
In Teileann they remain as normal present tense forms, in free variation with forms in -ann<ref>Wagner, H., 1979. ''Gaeilge Theilinn'' §277.</ref>. Further north they appear to be only used as a "historical present" in a narrative register.

== The historical present ==

The forms in -idh can be used in the narrative register to refer to past actions, for example:

<blockquote>Ach goidé a rinne sé ach ar bhfeiceáil ar thógáil ruball Árd-na-gaoithe dó, agus '''pillidh sé'''.<ref>Ó Grianna, S., 1927. ''Cioth is Dealán'' p. 91.</ref></blockquote>

These forms have been recorded in Toraigh <ref>Hamilton, J. N., 1974. ''A phonetic study of the Irish of Tory Island, Co. Donegal'' p. 172 §f.</ref>

== See Also ==

http://www.nualeargais.ie/gnag/verbend.htm §present tense

== References ==

[[Category:Irish]]

Irish/Resources

2021-10-17T13:02:01Z

Caoimhín: Update Buntús na Gaeilge links; add duome.eu

=Free resources on the internet=

==Textbooks==
* [https://bhillers.pages.iu.edu/buntus.html Buntús na Gaeilge] (mostly Standard Irish with a preference for Ulster options, dialect differences are noted)
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732765046152888321/TYI_MilesDillion_1961_Retypeset.pdf Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Retypeset] (dialectal Munster Irish)
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732764925994336406/TYI_MilesDillon_1961_Scanned.pdf Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Scanned] (dialectal Munster Irish)
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732765118319820840/TYI_mp3.zip Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Audio] (dialectal Munster Irish)
The retypeset version of Teach Yourself Irish has the audio built in and more reliable search, but it also has typos.

==Video series==
* Now You're Talking (Ulster Irish)
** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7nz--LpYC30 Video series on Youtube]
** [https://eolas38.wixsite.com/ultach/copy-of-aonad-1 Textbook + Audio + Video]
* [http://www.ceimaraghaidh.ie/don-fhoghlaimeoir/ Céim Ar Aghaidh] (Ulster Irish, for advanced learners)

==Podcasts==
* [http://culturlann.org/beginner%20podcast Beginner Podcast series from Cultúrlann Uí Chanáin] (Ulster Irish)

==Spelling and Pronunciation==
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oIokUII7LX0 Introduction to the Irish spelling] (Video)
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120321160459/http://www.ultach.dsl.pipex.com/ForLearners/UIPron.doc Ulster Irish, A Pronunciation Guide]
* [http://www.fuaimeanna.ie/en/ Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge] (Sounds of Irish with sample recordings in three dialects)
** A site to go along with the book ''Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge''. Contains recordings from native speakers of each main dialect area (specifically, Gaoth Dobhair in Donegal, An Ceathrú Rua in Connemara and Corca Dhuibhne in Kerry) pronouncing each phoneme in the language. The book contains lists of minimal pairs as well.
* [https://www.cogg.ie/wp-content/uploads/Understanding-Irish-Spelling-A-Handbook-for-Teachers-and-Learners-by-Dr.-Nancy-Stenson-and-Dr.-Tina-Hickey-1.pdf Understanding Irish Spelling: A Handbook for Teachers and Learners]
* [https://www.forasnagaeilge.ie/about/an-gum/focloir-poca/?lang=en Foclóir Póca - Description and Phonetic Guide] pdf and audio files containing an introduction to the standardised system of pronunciation sometimes known as "lárchanúint" (central dialect) devised by Dónall Ó Baoill

==Dictionaries (with pronunciation)==
* [https://www.teanglann.ie/en Teanglann]
** An online version of de Bhaldraithe's English-Irish Dictionary (EID) and Ó Dónall's Foclór Gaeilge-Béarla (FGB), as well as An Foclóir Beag and a grammar tab and pronunciation tab. Very handy to look up words.
* [https://www.focloir.ie/ New English-Irish Dictionary (NEID)]

==Grammar==
* Gramadach na Gaeilge (GnaG): An online grammar covering just about anything you can think of for Irish. Does contain some mistakes, but the most comprehensive free grammar you can find. (Sometimes a bit technical, but if you can deal with grammar terminology, very useful)
** [http://nualeargais.ie/gnag/gramadac.htm English translation of an older version]
** [http://braesicke.de/gramadac.htm German original version]
* [https://data.oireachtas.ie/ie/oireachtas/caighdeanOifigiul/2017/2017-08-03_an-caighdean-oifigiuil-2017_en.pdf An Caighdeán Oifigiúil] (the official standard; written in Irish)
* [http://www.reimnigh.com/ Réimnigh]: Conjugation tables for common verbs (standard and all three major dialects)

==Media==
=== Raidió na Gaeltachta (RnaG) ===
[https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/ Raidió na Gaeltachta] is an Irish-language radio station. They broadcast a wide variety of programmes, including:

* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/adhmhaidin/ Adhmhaidin]: A(n) (inter)national current affairs show, with speakers from '''all over Ireland'''
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/an-saol-o-dheas/ An Saol Ó Dheas]: Current affairs from '''Munster''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/barrscealta/ Barrscéalta]: Current affairs in '''Donegal''', usually with presenters from Gaoth Dobhair
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/iris-aniar/ Iris Aniar]: Current affairs in '''Connacht''' and '''Meath''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included

=== TG4 ===
[https://www.tg4.ie TG4] is the Irish-language television station. Plays a variety of programmes from a variety of different topics. Most programmes only contain burnt-in English subs, but this is changing recently. Various recommended programmes include:

* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/lifestyle-tv-shows/?series=Comhr%C3%A1&genre=Saolchlar Comhrá]: A regular conversation show between iconic host Máirtín Tom Sheáinín and a different guest where he talks with them about their life experiences
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/childrens-tv-shows/ Cúla4]: Kids programming on TG4. Good for children or those who want to practice with vocabulary/structures aimed at a child's ability. Might be boring for adults.
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=Nuacht%20TG4&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Nuacht TG4]: The daily news show. High quality presenters. Contains no subtitles.
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/drama-tv-shows/?series=Ros%20na%20R%C3%BAn%20(S25)&genre=Drama Ros na Rún]: An Irish-language soap opera, running since 1996 with over 1500 episodes. Later seasons have options for English subs or Irish subs. Earlier seasons and episodes can be found on YouTube.
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=7%20L%C3%A1&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Seacht Lá]: Politics and the economy, regional, national and international affairs. Live debate on the major issues of the day with a panel of analysts, experts and political pundits. No subtitles.

=== Vifax ===
[https://vifax.maynoothuniversity.ie/ Vifax] is a website created and updated by Maynooth University, which takes clips from Nuacht TG4 and transcribes them. They also include questions at various levels (beginner, intermediate, advanced) to help guide listening and focus on listening ability. Very useful resource to practice listening ability.

There is also a helpful blog post about [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/how-to-best-use-vifax-at-any-level/ how to use Vifax at varying levels].

==Apps==
* [http://www.duolingo.com Duolingo]: It's all right when you have the right expectations. I found it useful for vocabulary and just practice in general, but I wouldn't recommend it as the only thing to use.
** The mobile apps don't provide to the tips page that each skill has in the web version. You can refer to [https://duome.eu/tips/en/ga duome.eu] to read them on mobile.

==Blogs==
Most of these blogs focus on specific regional dialects.

===Southern Scotland and East Ulster===

* [http://dalriada.scot/ dalriada.scot]: "Dail Riada" (Central Argyll), Southern Scotland
* [https://gaidhligarainn.blogspot.com/ gaidhligarainn.blogspot]: Arran, Southern Scotland
* [http://rathlingaelic.blogspot.com/ rathlingaelic.blogspot]: Rathlin
* [https://gaedhilgreachraidh.blogspot.com/ gaedhilgreachraidh.blogspot]: Rathlin
* [http://cluaindaimh.blogspot.com/ cluaindaimh.blogspot]: Cluain Daimh (Clonduff), co. Down
* [http://irishofthefews.blogspot.com/ irishofthefews.blogspot]: the Fews, south co. Armagh
* [http://oirialla.blogspot.com/ oirialla.blogspot]: Oriel
* [https://gaeltachtnaspeirini.blogspot.com/ gaeltachtnaspeirini.blogspot]: the Sperrins, co. Tyrone
* [https://inishowenirish.blogspot.com/ inishowenirish.blogspot]: Inishowen, co. Donegal

===West Ulster===

* [https://gaedhilgthoraighe.blogspot.com/ gaedhilgthoraighe.blogspot]: Tory, co. Donegal
* [https://ramasbearoide.blogspot.com/ ramasbearoide.blogspot]: mostly north co. Donegal
* [http://www.rannnafeirste.com/ rannnafeirste.com]: Rann na Feirste, co. Donegal

===Connaught===

* [http://gaeilgeiorrais.ie/index.php/canuinti-local-dialects gaeilgeiorrais.ie]: some resources for Iorras, co. Mayo
* [https://www.irishlanguageincountymayo.com/ irishlanguageincountymayo.com]: co. Mayo
* [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/ gaeilgechonamara.com]: Conamara, co. Galway
* [https://gaeiglenalachan.wordpress.com/ gaeiglenalachan.wordpress]: Mionlach, co. Galway

===West Munster===

* [https://corkirish.wordpress.com/ corkirish.wordpress]: co. Cork
* [https://muiris.net/ muiris.net]: most Cléire (Cape Clear), co. Cork

===East Munster===

* [https://tonyofloinn.weebly.com/gaelainn-oirthear-chorcaiacute.html/ tonyofloinn.weebly]: East Cork

===Leinster===

* [http://kilkennyirish.blogspot.com/ kilkennyirish.blogspot]: co. Kilkenny
* [https://gaeiligchillechoinnigh.blogspot.com/ gaeiligchillechoinnigh.blogspot]: co. Kilkenny
* [http://dublingaelic.blogspot.com/ dublingaelic.blogspot]: Dublin (the historical dialects, not post-revival)

===General===

* [https://www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk/oduibhin/index.htm Gaelic Resources - Ciarán Ó Duibhín] mostly West Ulster, some East Ulster and Scottish stuff

[[Category:Irish]]

MediaWiki:Common.css

2021-10-06T13:01:00Z

Caoimhín: Add CSS for .IPA and .IPAchar classes

MediaWiki:Useragreement

2021-09-10T21:44:14Z

Caoimhín: Created page with "This is the wiki for the Celtic Languages Discord server. Please keep your contributions on topic, i.e. they should be related either to the community or to Celtic languages...."

This is the wiki for the Celtic Languages Discord server. Please keep your contributions on topic, i.e. they should be related either to the community or to Celtic languages. On your user page, some off-topic information in your introduction is acceptable.

For all of your contributions, make sure that you own all necessary rights, don't violate rights of others and the contribution isn't illegal for other reasons under German or your local law. In particular, you agree that all of your contributions will be made available under a Creative Commons license and that you will only contribute content for which you either own the copyright or can otherwise legally grant the license to others. Adding external links to obviously pirated or otherwise illegal content is not a workaround and may still have legal consequences, so don't do that either.

Please respect the server rules of the Discord server here on the wiki as well.

Celtic Languages:About

2021-09-06T22:29:44Z

Caoimhín: Protected "Celtic Languages:About" ([Edit=Allow only administrators] (indefinite) [Move=Allow only administrators] (indefinite))

== Impressum ==
This website is operated by:<br />
''Diese Webseite wird betrieben von:''

Kevin Wolf<br />
c/o Block Services<br />
Stuttgarter Str. 106<br />
70736 Fellbach<br />
Germany

Phone: +49 1579 2349726<br />
Email: webmaster&<nowiki />#64;celtic<span>-</span>languages&<nowiki />#46;org

This information is made available only for the purpose of allowing you to contact the webmaster for legal or administrative issues. Use for other purposes, including advertisement and passing the information to third parties, is prohibited.
__NOINDEX__

Celtic Languages:About

2021-09-06T22:29:34Z

Caoimhín: Created page with "== Impressum == This website is operated by:<br /> ''Diese Webseite wird betrieben von:'' Kevin Wolf<br /> c/o Block Services<br /> Stuttgarter Str. 106<br /> 70736 Fellbach<..."

Celtic Languages:Privacy policy

2021-09-06T22:25:37Z

Caoimhín:

Personal data (usually referred to just as "data" below) will only be processed by us to the extent necessary and for the purpose of providing a functional and user-friendly website, including its contents, and the services offered there.

Per Art. 4 No. 1 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679, i.e. the General Data Protection Regulation (hereinafter referred to as the "GDPR"), "processing" refers to any operation or set of operations such as collection, recording, organization, structuring, storage, adaptation, alteration, retrieval, consultation, use, disclosure by transmission, dissemination, or otherwise making available, alignment, or combination, restriction, erasure, or destruction performed on personal data, whether by automated means or not.

The following privacy policy is intended to inform you in particular about the type, scope, purpose, duration, and legal basis for the processing of such data either under our own control or in conjunction with others. We also inform you below about the third-party components we use to optimize our website and improve the user experience which may result in said third parties also processing data they collect and control.

Our privacy policy is structured as follows:

== Information about us as controllers of your data ==

The party responsible for this website (the "controller") for purposes of data protection law is:

Kevin Wolf<br />
c/o Block Services<br />
Stuttgarter Str. 106<br />
70736 Fellbach<br />
Germany

Phone: +49 1579 2349726<br />
Email: webmaster&<nowiki />#64;celtic<span>-</span>languages&<nowiki />#46;org

This information is made available only for the purpose of allowing you to contact the webmaster regarding data protection. Use for other purposes, including advertisement and passing the information to third parties, is prohibited.
__NOINDEX__

== The rights of users and data subjects ==

With regard to the data processing to be described in more detail below, users and data subjects have the right

* to confirmation of whether data concerning them is being processed, information about the data being processed, further information about the nature of the data processing, and copies of the data (cf. also Art. 15 GDPR);
* to correct or complete incorrect or incomplete data (cf. also Art. 16 GDPR);
* to the immediate deletion of data concerning them (cf. also Art. 17 DSGVO), or, alternatively, if further processing is necessary as stipulated in Art. 17 Para. 3 GDPR, to restrict said processing per Art. 18 GDPR;
* to receive copies of the data concerning them and/or provided by them and to have the same transmitted to other providers/controllers (cf. also Art. 20 GDPR);
* to file complaints with the supervisory authority if they believe that data concerning them is being processed by the controller in breach of data protection provisions (see also Art. 77 GDPR).

In addition, the controller is obliged to inform all recipients to whom it discloses data of any such corrections, deletions, or restrictions placed on processing the same per Art. 16, 17 Para. 1, 18 GDPR. However, this obligation does not apply if such notification is impossible or involves a disproportionate effort. Nevertheless, users have a right to information about these recipients.

Likewise, under Art. 21 GDPR, users and data subjects have the right to object to the controller's future processing of their data pursuant to Art. 6 Para. 1 lit. f) GDPR. In particular, an objection to data processing for the purpose of direct advertising is permissible.

== Information about the data processing ==

Your data processed when using our website will be deleted or blocked as soon as the purpose for its storage ceases to apply, provided the deletion of the same is not in breach of any statutory storage obligations or unless otherwise stipulated below.

=== Server data ===

For technical reasons, the following data sent by your internet browser to us or to our server provider will be collected, especially to ensure a secure and stable website: These server log files record the type and version of your browser, operating system, the website from which you came (referrer URL), the webpages on our site visited, the date and time of your visit, as well as the IP address from which you visited our site.

The data thus collected will be temporarily stored, but not in association with any other of your data.

The basis for this storage is Art. 6 Para. 1 lit. f) GDPR. Our legitimate interest lies in the improvement, stability, functionality, and security of our website.

The data will be deleted within no more than seven days, unless continued storage is required for evidentiary purposes. In which case, all or part of the data will be excluded from deletion until the investigation of the relevant incident is finally resolved.

=== Cookies ===
==== Session cookies ====

We use cookies on our website. Cookies are small text files or other storage technologies stored on your computer by your browser. These cookies process certain specific information about you, such as your browser, location data, or IP address.

This processing makes our website more user-friendly, efficient, and secure, allowing us, for example, to display our website in different languages or to offer a login function.

The legal basis for such processing is Art. 6 Para. 1 lit. b) GDPR, insofar as these cookies are used to collect data to initiate or process contractual relationships.

If the processing does not serve to initiate or process a contract, our legitimate interest lies in improving the functionality of our website. The legal basis is then Art. 6 Para. 1 lit. f) GDPR.

==== Disabling cookies ====

You can refuse the use of cookies by changing the settings on your browser. Likewise, you can use the browser to delete cookies that have already been stored. However, the steps and measures required vary, depending on the browser you use. If you have any questions, please use the help function or consult the documentation for your browser or contact its maker for support. Browser settings cannot prevent so-called flash cookies from being set. Instead, you will need to change the setting of your Flash player. The steps and measures required for this also depend on the Flash player you are using. If you have any questions, please use the help function or consult the documentation for your Flash player or contact its maker for support.

If you prevent or restrict the installation of cookies, not all of the functions on our site may be fully usable.

=== User account/registration ===

If you create a user account with us, the only data strictly required is your user name (which will be publicly visible) and a password. You may choose to provide an email address as well which we may use for contacting you, e.g. to recover your account when you forgot your password. Optionally, you can provide more information about yourself (such as your real name or gender), which will be displayed publicly.

We also store your IP address and the date and time of your registration.

During the registration process, your consent will be obtained for this processing of your data, with reference made to this privacy policy. The data collected by us will be used exclusively to provide your user account.

If you give your consent to this processing, Art. 6 Para. 1 lit. a) GDPR is the legal basis for this processing.

If the opening of the user account is also intended to lead to the initiation of a contractual relationship with us or to fulfill an existing contract with us, the legal basis for this processing is also Art. 6 Para. 1 lit. b) GDPR.

You may revoke your prior consent to the processing of your personal data at any time under Art. 7 Para. 3 GDPR with future effect. All you have to do is inform us that you are revoking your consent.

The data previously collected will then be deleted as soon as processing is no longer necessary. However, we must observe any retention periods required under tax and commercial law.

=== User contributions ===

We offer you the opportunity to make contributions to the wiki (e.g. to create and edit articles, discussion and user pages). When you make use of this opportunity, you create a permanent public record of the content you added, changed or deleted. The page history will show when you submitted the contribution and the user name you may have used. If you are not logged in, your IP address is stored and displayed publicly instead of a user name.

The legal basis for this is Art. 6 Para. 1 lit. a) GDPR. You may revoke your prior consent under Art. 7 Para. 3 GDPR with future effect. All you have to do is inform us that you are revoking your consent.

In addition, we will also process your IP address. The IP address is processed because we might have a legitimate interest in taking or supporting further action if your contribution infringes the rights of third parties and/or is otherwise unlawful.

In this case, the legal basis is Art. 6 Para. 1 lit. f) GDPR. Our legitimate interest lies in any legal defense we may have to mount.

''Based on the [https://www.ratgeberrecht.eu/leistungen/muster-datenschutzerklaerung.html Model Data Protection Statement] for [https://www.ratgeberrecht.eu/ Anwaltskanzlei Weiß & Partner]''

Celtic Languages:Privacy policy

2021-09-06T22:01:39Z

Caoimhín: Protected "Celtic Languages:Privacy policy" ([Edit=Allow only administrators] (indefinite) [Move=Allow only administrators] (indefinite)) [cascading]

Personal data (usually referred to just as "data" below) will only be processed by us to the extent necessary and for the purpose of providing a functional and user-friendly website, including its contents, and the services offered there.

Per Art. 4 No. 1 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679, i.e. the General Data Protection Regulation (hereinafter referred to as the "GDPR"), "processing" refers to any operation or set of operations such as collection, recording, organization, structuring, storage, adaptation, alteration, retrieval, consultation, use, disclosure by transmission, dissemination, or otherwise making available, alignment, or combination, restriction, erasure, or destruction performed on personal data, whether by automated means or not.

The following privacy policy is intended to inform you in particular about the type, scope, purpose, duration, and legal basis for the processing of such data either under our own control or in conjunction with others. We also inform you below about the third-party components we use to optimize our website and improve the user experience which may result in said third parties also processing data they collect and control.

Our privacy policy is structured as follows:

== Information about us as controllers of your data ==

The party responsible for this website (the "controller") for purposes of data protection law is:

Kevin Wolf<br />
c/o Block Services<br />
Stuttgarter Str. 106<br />
70736 Fellbach<br />
Germany

Phone: +49 1579 2349726<br />
Email: webmaster&<nowiki />#64;celtic<span>-</span>languages&<nowiki />#46;org

== The rights of users and data subjects ==

With regard to the data processing to be described in more detail below, users and data subjects have the right

* to confirmation of whether data concerning them is being processed, information about the data being processed, further information about the nature of the data processing, and copies of the data (cf. also Art. 15 GDPR);
* to correct or complete incorrect or incomplete data (cf. also Art. 16 GDPR);
* to the immediate deletion of data concerning them (cf. also Art. 17 DSGVO), or, alternatively, if further processing is necessary as stipulated in Art. 17 Para. 3 GDPR, to restrict said processing per Art. 18 GDPR;
* to receive copies of the data concerning them and/or provided by them and to have the same transmitted to other providers/controllers (cf. also Art. 20 GDPR);
* to file complaints with the supervisory authority if they believe that data concerning them is being processed by the controller in breach of data protection provisions (see also Art. 77 GDPR).

In addition, the controller is obliged to inform all recipients to whom it discloses data of any such corrections, deletions, or restrictions placed on processing the same per Art. 16, 17 Para. 1, 18 GDPR. However, this obligation does not apply if such notification is impossible or involves a disproportionate effort. Nevertheless, users have a right to information about these recipients.

Likewise, under Art. 21 GDPR, users and data subjects have the right to object to the controller's future processing of their data pursuant to Art. 6 Para. 1 lit. f) GDPR. In particular, an objection to data processing for the purpose of direct advertising is permissible.

== Information about the data processing ==

Your data processed when using our website will be deleted or blocked as soon as the purpose for its storage ceases to apply, provided the deletion of the same is not in breach of any statutory storage obligations or unless otherwise stipulated below.

=== Server data ===

For technical reasons, the following data sent by your internet browser to us or to our server provider will be collected, especially to ensure a secure and stable website: These server log files record the type and version of your browser, operating system, the website from which you came (referrer URL), the webpages on our site visited, the date and time of your visit, as well as the IP address from which you visited our site.

The data thus collected will be temporarily stored, but not in association with any other of your data.

The basis for this storage is Art. 6 Para. 1 lit. f) GDPR. Our legitimate interest lies in the improvement, stability, functionality, and security of our website.

The data will be deleted within no more than seven days, unless continued storage is required for evidentiary purposes. In which case, all or part of the data will be excluded from deletion until the investigation of the relevant incident is finally resolved.

=== Cookies ===
==== Session cookies ====

We use cookies on our website. Cookies are small text files or other storage technologies stored on your computer by your browser. These cookies process certain specific information about you, such as your browser, location data, or IP address.

This processing makes our website more user-friendly, efficient, and secure, allowing us, for example, to display our website in different languages or to offer a login function.

The legal basis for such processing is Art. 6 Para. 1 lit. b) GDPR, insofar as these cookies are used to collect data to initiate or process contractual relationships.

If the processing does not serve to initiate or process a contract, our legitimate interest lies in improving the functionality of our website. The legal basis is then Art. 6 Para. 1 lit. f) GDPR.

==== Disabling cookies ====

You can refuse the use of cookies by changing the settings on your browser. Likewise, you can use the browser to delete cookies that have already been stored. However, the steps and measures required vary, depending on the browser you use. If you have any questions, please use the help function or consult the documentation for your browser or contact its maker for support. Browser settings cannot prevent so-called flash cookies from being set. Instead, you will need to change the setting of your Flash player. The steps and measures required for this also depend on the Flash player you are using. If you have any questions, please use the help function or consult the documentation for your Flash player or contact its maker for support.

If you prevent or restrict the installation of cookies, not all of the functions on our site may be fully usable.

=== User account/registration ===

If you create a user account with us, the only data strictly required is your user name (which will be publicly visible) and a password. You may choose to provide an email address as well which we may use for contacting you, e.g. to recover your account when you forgot your password. Optionally, you can provide more information about yourself (such as your real name or gender), which will be displayed publicly.

We also store your IP address and the date and time of your registration.

During the registration process, your consent will be obtained for this processing of your data, with reference made to this privacy policy. The data collected by us will be used exclusively to provide your user account.

If you give your consent to this processing, Art. 6 Para. 1 lit. a) GDPR is the legal basis for this processing.

If the opening of the user account is also intended to lead to the initiation of a contractual relationship with us or to fulfill an existing contract with us, the legal basis for this processing is also Art. 6 Para. 1 lit. b) GDPR.

You may revoke your prior consent to the processing of your personal data at any time under Art. 7 Para. 3 GDPR with future effect. All you have to do is inform us that you are revoking your consent.

The data previously collected will then be deleted as soon as processing is no longer necessary. However, we must observe any retention periods required under tax and commercial law.

=== User contributions ===

We offer you the opportunity to make contributions to the wiki (e.g. to create and edit articles, discussion and user pages). When you make use of this opportunity, you create a permanent public record of the content you added, changed or deleted. The page history will show when you submitted the contribution and the user name you may have used. If you are not logged in, your IP address is stored and displayed publicly instead of a user name.

The legal basis for this is Art. 6 Para. 1 lit. a) GDPR. You may revoke your prior consent under Art. 7 Para. 3 GDPR with future effect. All you have to do is inform us that you are revoking your consent.

In addition, we will also process your IP address. The IP address is processed because we might have a legitimate interest in taking or supporting further action if your contribution infringes the rights of third parties and/or is otherwise unlawful.

In this case, the legal basis is Art. 6 Para. 1 lit. f) GDPR. Our legitimate interest lies in any legal defense we may have to mount.

''Based on the [https://www.ratgeberrecht.eu/leistungen/muster-datenschutzerklaerung.html Model Data Protection Statement] for [https://www.ratgeberrecht.eu/ Anwaltskanzlei Weiß & Partner]''

Celtic Languages:Privacy policy

2021-09-06T22:00:48Z

Caoimhín: Created page with "Personal data (usually referred to just as "data" below) will only be processed by us to the extent necessary and for the purpose of providing a functional and user-friendly w..."

Personal data (usually referred to just as "data" below) will only be processed by us to the extent necessary and for the purpose of providing a functional and user-friendly website, including its contents, and the services offered there.

Per Art. 4 No. 1 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679, i.e. the General Data Protection Regulation (hereinafter referred to as the "GDPR"), "processing" refers to any operation or set of operations such as collection, recording, organization, structuring, storage, adaptation, alteration, retrieval, consultation, use, disclosure by transmission, dissemination, or otherwise making available, alignment, or combination, restriction, erasure, or destruction performed on personal data, whether by automated means or not.

The following privacy policy is intended to inform you in particular about the type, scope, purpose, duration, and legal basis for the processing of such data either under our own control or in conjunction with others. We also inform you below about the third-party components we use to optimize our website and improve the user experience which may result in said third parties also processing data they collect and control.

Our privacy policy is structured as follows:

== Information about us as controllers of your data ==

The party responsible for this website (the "controller") for purposes of data protection law is:

Kevin Wolf<br />
c/o Block Services<br />
Stuttgarter Str. 106<br />
70736 Fellbach<br />
Germany

Phone: +49 1579 2349726<br />
Email: webmaster&<nowiki />#64;celtic<span>-</span>languages&<nowiki />#46;org

== The rights of users and data subjects ==

With regard to the data processing to be described in more detail below, users and data subjects have the right

* to confirmation of whether data concerning them is being processed, information about the data being processed, further information about the nature of the data processing, and copies of the data (cf. also Art. 15 GDPR);
* to correct or complete incorrect or incomplete data (cf. also Art. 16 GDPR);
* to the immediate deletion of data concerning them (cf. also Art. 17 DSGVO), or, alternatively, if further processing is necessary as stipulated in Art. 17 Para. 3 GDPR, to restrict said processing per Art. 18 GDPR;
* to receive copies of the data concerning them and/or provided by them and to have the same transmitted to other providers/controllers (cf. also Art. 20 GDPR);
* to file complaints with the supervisory authority if they believe that data concerning them is being processed by the controller in breach of data protection provisions (see also Art. 77 GDPR).

In addition, the controller is obliged to inform all recipients to whom it discloses data of any such corrections, deletions, or restrictions placed on processing the same per Art. 16, 17 Para. 1, 18 GDPR. However, this obligation does not apply if such notification is impossible or involves a disproportionate effort. Nevertheless, users have a right to information about these recipients.

Likewise, under Art. 21 GDPR, users and data subjects have the right to object to the controller's future processing of their data pursuant to Art. 6 Para. 1 lit. f) GDPR. In particular, an objection to data processing for the purpose of direct advertising is permissible.

== Information about the data processing ==

Your data processed when using our website will be deleted or blocked as soon as the purpose for its storage ceases to apply, provided the deletion of the same is not in breach of any statutory storage obligations or unless otherwise stipulated below.

=== Server data ===

For technical reasons, the following data sent by your internet browser to us or to our server provider will be collected, especially to ensure a secure and stable website: These server log files record the type and version of your browser, operating system, the website from which you came (referrer URL), the webpages on our site visited, the date and time of your visit, as well as the IP address from which you visited our site.

The data thus collected will be temporarily stored, but not in association with any other of your data.

The basis for this storage is Art. 6 Para. 1 lit. f) GDPR. Our legitimate interest lies in the improvement, stability, functionality, and security of our website.

The data will be deleted within no more than seven days, unless continued storage is required for evidentiary purposes. In which case, all or part of the data will be excluded from deletion until the investigation of the relevant incident is finally resolved.

=== Cookies ===
==== Session cookies ====

We use cookies on our website. Cookies are small text files or other storage technologies stored on your computer by your browser. These cookies process certain specific information about you, such as your browser, location data, or IP address.

This processing makes our website more user-friendly, efficient, and secure, allowing us, for example, to display our website in different languages or to offer a login function.

The legal basis for such processing is Art. 6 Para. 1 lit. b) GDPR, insofar as these cookies are used to collect data to initiate or process contractual relationships.

If the processing does not serve to initiate or process a contract, our legitimate interest lies in improving the functionality of our website. The legal basis is then Art. 6 Para. 1 lit. f) GDPR.

==== Disabling cookies ====

You can refuse the use of cookies by changing the settings on your browser. Likewise, you can use the browser to delete cookies that have already been stored. However, the steps and measures required vary, depending on the browser you use. If you have any questions, please use the help function or consult the documentation for your browser or contact its maker for support. Browser settings cannot prevent so-called flash cookies from being set. Instead, you will need to change the setting of your Flash player. The steps and measures required for this also depend on the Flash player you are using. If you have any questions, please use the help function or consult the documentation for your Flash player or contact its maker for support.

If you prevent or restrict the installation of cookies, not all of the functions on our site may be fully usable.

=== User account/registration ===

If you create a user account with us, the only data strictly required is your user name (which will be publicly visible) and a password. You may choose to provide an email address as well which we may use for contacting you, e.g. to recover your account when you forgot your password. Optionally, you can provide more information about yourself (such as your real name or gender), which will be displayed publicly.

We also store your IP address and the date and time of your registration.

During the registration process, your consent will be obtained for this processing of your data, with reference made to this privacy policy. The data collected by us will be used exclusively to provide your user account.

If you give your consent to this processing, Art. 6 Para. 1 lit. a) GDPR is the legal basis for this processing.

If the opening of the user account is also intended to lead to the initiation of a contractual relationship with us or to fulfill an existing contract with us, the legal basis for this processing is also Art. 6 Para. 1 lit. b) GDPR.

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The data previously collected will then be deleted as soon as processing is no longer necessary. However, we must observe any retention periods required under tax and commercial law.

=== User contributions ===

We offer you the opportunity to make contributions to the wiki (e.g. to create and edit articles, discussion and user pages). When you make use of this opportunity, you create a permanent public record of the content you added, changed or deleted. The page history will show when you submitted the contribution and the user name you may have used. If you are not logged in, your IP address is stored and displayed publicly instead of a user name.

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''Based on the [https://www.ratgeberrecht.eu/leistungen/muster-datenschutzerklaerung.html Model Data Protection Statement] for [https://www.ratgeberrecht.eu/ Anwaltskanzlei Weiß & Partner]''

MediaWiki:Aboutsite

2021-09-01T22:22:15Z

Caoimhín: Created page with "About {{SITENAME}}/Impressum"

About {{SITENAME}}/Impressum

MediaWiki:Disclaimers

2021-09-01T22:20:52Z

Caoimhín: Created page with "-"

Main Page

2021-09-01T21:51:43Z

Caoimhín: Flags as images (Breton and Cornish flags don't exist in Unicode)

<div style="padding: 5px; border:solid 2px #8B4500; background-color:#FFF5EE;">

{| border="0" cellpadding="10" style="background-color:#FFF5EE;" width="100%"
|-

| valign="top" width="33%" |
<div style="padding: 4px; text-align: center; font-size:130%; border-bottom: solid 2px #8B4500;">[[File:irish.png|16px|baseline]] [[:Category:Irish | Irish / Gaeilge]]</div>

* [[Irish/Getting started | Getting started]]
* [[Irish/Resources | Resources]]
* [[Irish/Dialects | Dialects of Irish]]

| valign="top" width="33%" |
<div style="padding: 4px; text-align: center; font-size:130%; border-bottom: solid 2px #8B4500;">[[File:scottish.png|16px|baseline]] [[:Category:Gaelic | Scottish Gaelic / Gàidhlig]]</div>

* [[Gaelic/Getting started | Getting started]]
* [[Gaelic/Resources | Resources]]

| valign="top" width="33%" |
<div style="padding: 4px; text-align: center; font-size:130%; border-bottom: solid 2px #8B4500;">[[File:manx.png|16px|baseline]] [[:Category:Manx | Manx / Gaelg]]</div>

* [[Manx/Getting started | Getting started]]
* [[Manx/Resources | Resources]]

|}

{| border="0" cellpadding="10" style="background-color:#FFF5EE;" width="100%"
|-

| valign="top" width="33%" |

<div style="padding: 4px; text-align: center; font-size:130%; border-bottom: solid 2px #8B4500;">[[File:welsh.png|16px|baseline]] [[:Category:Welsh | Welsh / Cymraeg]]</div>

* [[Welsh/Getting started | Getting started]]
* [[Welsh/Resources | Resources]]

| valign="top" width="33%" |

<div style="padding: 4px; text-align: center; font-size:130%; border-bottom: solid 2px #8B4500;">[[File:cornish.png|16px|baseline]] [[:Category:Cornish | Cornish / Kernowek]]</div>

* [[Cornish/Getting started | Getting started]]
* [[Cornish/Resources | Resources]]

| valign="top" width="33%" |
<div style="padding: 4px; text-align: center; font-size:130%; border-bottom: solid 2px #8B4500;">[[File:breton.png|16px|baseline]] [[:Category:Breton | Breton / Brezhoneg]]</div>

* [[Breton/Getting started | Getting started]]
* [[Breton/Resources | Resources]]

|-

| valign="top" width="33%" |

<div style="padding: 4px; text-align: center; font-size:130%; border-bottom: solid 2px #8B4500;">[[:Category:Old Irish | Old Irish]]</div>

* [[Old Irish/Resources | Resources]]

| valign="top" width="33%" |

<div style="padding: 4px; text-align: center; font-size:130%; border-bottom: solid 2px #8B4500;">Community</div>

* [https://discord.gg/Z4z7AmW Discord server]

| valign="top" width="33%" |

|}
</div>

Manx/Getting started

2021-09-01T09:47:49Z

Caoimhín: Category Manx

Manx Gaelic (also known as <em>Gaelg</em> or <em>Gailck</em>) is the native language of the Isle of Man, a rock stranded in the Irish sea. The black sheep of the Gaelic language family, Manx never adopted the Gaelic orthography and "died" in 1974 (with Ned Maddrell, the last native speaker of Manx). These factors can make getting started with the Manx a tad difficult, but these resources and tips will make picking up çhengey nyn mayrey a bit easier.

==Some useful resources for beginners==
Everyone likes to learn languages in their own idiosyncratic ways but collecting a range of resources that have varied activities and modes of delivery never hurts. Here are some of the best learning resources available to get started.

* [https://www.saysomethingin.com/manx/level1/challenge1 Say Something In... Manx] is one of the best resources for starting to loayrt boghtynid around. Created by Ado Cain and the Say Something In... team, Say Something in... Manx is perfect for learning to <em>use</em> Manx as early as you can.

* The [https://learnmanx.com/1000words.html 1,000 words in Manx Challenge] is (as the title suggests) the first 1,000 words you will need to get started with Manx. Tackling the difficult stuff like conjugation and mutations as well as giving you lots of useful words to play with, this is a light course that will give you an excellent start in the world of Manx.

* [https://learnmanx.com/bunneydys_lesson_index.html Bunneydys] is a copy of [http://pages.iu.edu/~bhillers/buntus.html Buntús na Gaeilge] that was made by pioneering Gaelgeyr Brian y Stowell. Although the course lacks grammar explanations, you can pick up useful phrases to start chatting about tea, bad weather, and other standard topics of Manx conversation.

Be sure to <em>ceau sooill</em> on the full list of resources to find other useful resources on Youtube, learnmanx.com, and other places.

Manx spelling can seem like an inconsistent nightmare if you're unfamiliar with it, but learning how to recognize patterns and use them in speech is key. This has led some commentators to say <em>ill-conceived</em> at best and outright offensive things about Manx in the past (isn't that right, [http://akerbeltz.org/index.php?title=A_Word_on_Manx_Spelling Akerbeltz?]). Sadly, there's no shortcut to understanding Manx orthography, but helpful resources like [https://omniglot.com/writing/manx.htm Omniglot's roundup on Manx Gaelic] or (if you're more academically inclined) [https://www.academia.edu/43493209/Aspects_of_the_historical_phonology_of_Manx Custal Lewin's PhD on the historical phonology of Manx] can give you a solid basis for learning as you go.

As for a dictionary, you have a few choices:

* The classic dictionaries of Cregeen, Fargher, Kelly, and Kneen can all be found [https://sites.google.com/view/gailck-hasht/fockleyryn here].

* An online version based on Phil Kelly's Manx vocabulary can be found [https://dictionaryq.com/gaelg/ here - the Fockleyreen].

==Using the language==
Learning to speak a language is pretty tough, especially when there are so few speakers to turn to. Thanks to the superhuman efforts of [https://www.culturevannin.im/ Culture Vannin], there are now multiple ways to use Manx in your day-to-day life (whether you've got a pint in your hand or not...).

* Whether you're a toshiaghteyr or an auld hand with the Manx, [https://pobble.im/ Pobble] is an online service for pairing apprentices and masters together for effective buddy-system learning (or <em>Sheshaghyn</em>).

* Thanks to the long-term effects of <em>yn phaitt</em>, Culture Vannin decided to take their weekly lessons online. New classes are started regularly, so keep an eye on [https://www.culturevannin.im/ Culture Vannin's website] to make sure you don't miss out.

* Last, but not least, the Celtic Languages Discord has a number of overly keen Gaelgeyryn who are constantly for talking boghtynid and getting the skeet. Join us [https://discord.me/celticlanguages here] and get stuck in!

==The status of Manx Gaelic==
<em>Manx is dead, isn't it?</em>

In truth, rumours of Manx's demise have been greatly exaggerated. Since the death of Ned Maddrell (the last native speaker) in 1974, the number of Gaelgeyryn has steadily grown. Although some newspapers working with out of date figures might insist that Manx has died, it's not true at all! In fact, as of 2011 (the most recent census), there are over 2,000 Manxies who are comfortable using çhengey nyn mayrey.

With the success of the [https://bunscoillghaelgagh.sch.im/ Bunscoill Ghaelgagh], that number is only expected to grow in the coming years.

==Dialects of Manx Gaelic==
Although less striking than the differences in Irish, the dialectical differences in Manx can be broadly split into 3 groups:

* North, spoken by the likes of Annie Kneale, Harry Boyde, and John Kneen ("Yn Gaaue")
* South, spoken by Ned Maddrell and Sage Kinvig
* Peel, a curious dialect that is barely attested for - our only known speaker was William Quane, a native gobbag

You can find more details on the differences between the Manx dialects in the Handbook of Late Spoken Manx, a monumental document written by George Broderick about the terminal speakers of the Manx language.

So, what are you waiting for then? <em>Ynsee paart dy Ghaelg as gow cowag, lah!</em>

[[Category:Manx]]

Irish/Getting started

2021-09-01T09:47:20Z

Caoimhín: Category Irish

== Some useful resources for beginners ==
Different people have different learning styles, but most learners of Irish want to follow some kind of course. You can start with one of the following:

* [https://eolas38.wixsite.com/ultach/copy-of-aonad-1 Now You're Talking] (or [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7nz--LpYC30 just the videos on Youtube]) is centered around videos and a great way to become familiar with actual spoken Irish.
* [http://pages.iu.edu/~bhillers/buntus.html Buntús na Gaeilge] is a freely available text book, if you prefer reading instead.

The [[Irish/Resources|full list of resources]] has additional alternatives in case you find you don't like these, or you're interested in a specific other dialect.

If you're new to the Gaelic languages, the Irish spelling might look a bit intimidating at first. It's not inherently hard, and in fact more regular than English spelling, but probably different from what you're used to (and for good reasons - Irish has a lot more consonant sounds than the alphabet has letters, so it had to come up with some solution). So it's a good idea to explicitly learn something about Irish spelling first. You may want to watch this [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oIokUII7LX0 video about the basics of Irish spelling].

Finally, you'll often need a dictionary. [https://www.teanglann.ie/en Teanglann] is generally considered the best online dictionary, which actually contains a digitised version of three different dictionaries. It also has recordings for the pronunciation of many words in the three major dialects.

== Using the language ==
The best way for learning a language is not just getting input, but actively using it, because this forces you to think about how to express things and to look up unknown words. Feel free to join the Celtic Languages Discord server and just start chatting with whatever Irish you have. Of course, you can also ask questions about Irish there.

== The status of the Irish language ==
Something to be aware of when starting to learn Irish is that despite officially being the first language of Ireland and almost half of the Irish population reporting to speak Irish in the census, it really is a small minority language. Most people reporting in the census that they speak Irish aren't proficient speakers, but just learnt it to some level at school, where it is a mandatory subject. This leads to the rather unusual situation that learners outnumber native speakers by far.

What this means for you is that you'll encounter content made by other learners who might not have good Irish themselves. If you're interested in learning good Irish, don't trust random videos about Irish on Youtube. They probably contain errors.

== Dialects and Standard Irish ==
Irish is only a weakly standardised language. In particular, there is only a written standard (called ''An Caighdeán Oifigiúl''), but no standard pronunciation. So you'll always use the pronunciation of a particular dialect, even if you're keeping to the written standard otherwise.

Dialects are often discussed with Irish (especially on the Celtic Languages Discord server), and picking one will make sure that you learn a consistent form of the language. However, if you don't know yet which one to pick, don't worry. It's still one language and the dialects are close enough to each other so that people understand each other. So in this case, it's best to start with the standard and use any pronunciation (as long as it is valid in at least one dialect) - you can always switch to a specific dialect later.

[[Category:Irish]]

Old Irish/Resources

2021-09-01T09:43:24Z

Caoimhín: Created page with "* [http://www.dil.ie/ eDIL]: A dictionary for Old and Middle Irish * [https://spw.uni-goettingen.de/projects/aig/lng-sga.html Videos about the basics of Old Irish] by Aaron Gr..."

* [http://www.dil.ie/ eDIL]: A dictionary for Old and Middle Irish
* [https://spw.uni-goettingen.de/projects/aig/lng-sga.html Videos about the basics of Old Irish] by Aaron Griffith and David Stifter
* [https://www.kul.pl/files/30/Celtologia/Jaskula.pdf Ancient Sound Changes and Old Irish Phonology]

[[Category:Old Irish]]

Irish/Resources

2021-08-30T21:37:18Z

Caoimhín: /* Spelling and Pronunciation */ Understanding Irish Spelling: A Handbook for Teachers and Learners

=Free resources on the internet=

==Textbooks==
* [http://pages.iu.edu/~bhillers/buntus.html Buntús na Gaeilge] (mostly Standard Irish with a preference for Ulster options, dialect differences are noted)
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732765046152888321/TYI_MilesDillion_1961_Retypeset.pdf Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Retypeset] (dialectal Munster Irish)
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732764925994336406/TYI_MilesDillon_1961_Scanned.pdf Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Scanned] (dialectal Munster Irish)
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732765118319820840/TYI_mp3.zip Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Audio] (dialectal Munster Irish)
The retypeset version of Teach Yourself Irish has the audio built in and more reliable search, but it also has typos.

==Video series==
* Now You're Talking (Ulster Irish)
** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7nz--LpYC30 Video series on Youtube]
** [https://eolas38.wixsite.com/ultach/copy-of-aonad-1 Textbook + Audio + Video]
* [http://www.ceimaraghaidh.ie/don-fhoghlaimeoir/ Céim Ar Aghaidh] (Ulster Irish, for advanced learners)

==Podcasts==
* [http://culturlann.org/beginner%20podcast Beginner Podcast series from Cultúrlann Uí Chanáin] (Ulster Irish)

==Spelling and Pronunciation==
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oIokUII7LX0 Introduction to the Irish spelling] (Video)
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120321160459/http://www.ultach.dsl.pipex.com/ForLearners/UIPron.doc Ulster Irish, A Pronunciation Guide]
* [http://www.fuaimeanna.ie/en/ Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge] (Sounds of Irish with sample recordings in three dialects)
** A site to go along with the book ''Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge''. Contains recordings from native speakers of each main dialect area (specifically, Gaoth Dobhair in Donegal, An Ceathrú Rua in Connemara and Corca Dhuibhne in Kerry) pronouncing each phoneme in the language. The book contains lists of minimal pairs as well.
* [https://www.cogg.ie/wp-content/uploads/Understanding-Irish-Spelling-A-Handbook-for-Teachers-and-Learners-by-Dr.-Nancy-Stenson-and-Dr.-Tina-Hickey-1.pdf Understanding Irish Spelling: A Handbook for Teachers and Learners]

==Dictionaries (with pronunciation)==
* [https://www.teanglann.ie/en Teanglann]
** An online version of de Bhaldraithe's English-Irish Dictionary (EID) and Ó Dónall's Foclór Gaeilge-Béarla (FGB), as well as An Foclóir Beag and a grammar tab and pronunciation tab. Very handy to look up words.
* [https://www.focloir.ie/ New English-Irish Dictionary (NEID)]

==Grammar==
* Gramadach na Gaeilge (GnaG): An online grammar covering just about anything you can think of for Irish. Does contain some mistakes, but the most comprehensive free grammar you can find. (Sometimes a bit technical, but if you can deal with grammar terminology, very useful)
** [http://nualeargais.ie/gnag/gramadac.htm English translation of an older version]
** [http://braesicke.de/gramadac.htm German original version]
* [https://data.oireachtas.ie/ie/oireachtas/caighdeanOifigiul/2017/2017-08-03_an-caighdean-oifigiuil-2017_en.pdf An Caighdeán Oifigiúil] (the official standard; written in Irish)
* [http://www.reimnigh.com/ Réimnigh]: Conjugation tables for common verbs (standard and all three major dialects)

==Media==
=== Raidió na Gaeltachta (RnaG) ===
[https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/ Raidió na Gaeltachta] is an Irish-language radio station. They broadcast a wide variety of programmes, including:

* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/adhmhaidin/ Adhmhaidin]: A(n) (inter)national current affairs show, with speakers from '''all over Ireland'''
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/an-saol-o-dheas/ An Saol Ó Dheas]: Current affairs from '''Munster''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/barrscealta/ Barrscéalta]: Current affairs in '''Donegal''', usually with presenters from Gaoth Dobhair
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/iris-aniar/ Iris Aniar]: Current affairs in '''Connacht''' and '''Meath''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included

=== TG4 ===
[https://www.tg4.ie TG4] is the Irish-language television station. Plays a variety of programmes from a variety of different topics. Most programmes only contain burnt-in English subs, but this is changing recently. Various recommended programmes include:

* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/lifestyle-tv-shows/?series=Comhr%C3%A1&genre=Saolchlar Comhrá]: A regular conversation show between iconic host Máirtín Tom Sheáinín and a different guest where he talks with them about their life experiences
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/childrens-tv-shows/ Cúla4]: Kids programming on TG4. Good for children or those who want to practice with vocabulary/structures aimed at a child's ability. Might be boring for adults.
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=Nuacht%20TG4&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Nuacht TG4]: The daily news show. High quality presenters. Contains no subtitles.
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/drama-tv-shows/?series=Ros%20na%20R%C3%BAn%20(S25)&genre=Drama Ros na Rún]: An Irish-language soap opera, running since 1996 with over 1500 episodes. Later seasons have options for English subs or Irish subs. Earlier seasons and episodes can be found on YouTube.
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=7%20L%C3%A1&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Seacht Lá]: Politics and the economy, regional, national and international affairs. Live debate on the major issues of the day with a panel of analysts, experts and political pundits. No subtitles.

=== Vifax ===
[https://vifax.maynoothuniversity.ie/ Vifax] is a website created and updated by Maynooth University, which takes clips from Nuacht TG4 and transcribes them. They also include questions at various levels (beginner, intermediate, advanced) to help guide listening and focus on listening ability. Very useful resource to practice listening ability.

There is also a helpful blog post about [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/how-to-best-use-vifax-at-any-level/ how to use Vifax at varying levels].

==Apps==
As for Duolingo, it's alright when you have the right expectations. I found it useful for vocabulary and just practice in general, but I wouldn't recommend it as the only thing to use.

[[Category:Irish]]

Irish/Getting started

2021-08-30T21:34:00Z

Caoimhín: Created page with "== Some useful resources for beginners == Different people have different learning styles, but most learners of Irish want to follow some kind of course. You can start with on..."

== Some useful resources for beginners ==
Different people have different learning styles, but most learners of Irish want to follow some kind of course. You can start with one of the following:

* [https://eolas38.wixsite.com/ultach/copy-of-aonad-1 Now You're Talking] (or [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7nz--LpYC30 just the videos on Youtube]) is centered around videos and a great way to become familiar with actual spoken Irish.
* [http://pages.iu.edu/~bhillers/buntus.html Buntús na Gaeilge] is a freely available text book, if you prefer reading instead.

The [[Irish/Resources|full list of resources]] has additional alternatives in case you find you don't like these, or you're interested in a specific other dialect.

If you're new to the Gaelic languages, the Irish spelling might look a bit intimidating at first. It's not inherently hard, and in fact more regular than English spelling, but probably different from what you're used to (and for good reasons - Irish has a lot more consonant sounds than the alphabet has letters, so it had to come up with some solution). So it's a good idea to explicitly learn something about Irish spelling first. You may want to watch this [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oIokUII7LX0 video about the basics of Irish spelling].

Finally, you'll often need a dictionary. [https://www.teanglann.ie/en Teanglann] is generally considered the best online dictionary, which actually contains a digitised version of three different dictionaries. It also has recordings for the pronunciation of many words in the three major dialects.

== Using the language ==
The best way for learning a language is not just getting input, but actively using it, because this forces you to think about how to express things and to look up unknown words. Feel free to join the Celtic Languages Discord server and just start chatting with whatever Irish you have. Of course, you can also ask questions about Irish there.

== The status of the Irish language ==
Something to be aware of when starting to learn Irish is that despite officially being the first language of Ireland and almost half of the Irish population reporting to speak Irish in the census, it really is a small minority language. Most people reporting in the census that they speak Irish aren't proficient speakers, but just learnt it to some level at school, where it is a mandatory subject. This leads to the rather unusual situation that learners outnumber native speakers by far.

What this means for you is that you'll encounter content made by other learners who might not have good Irish themselves. If you're interested in learning good Irish, don't trust random videos about Irish on Youtube. They probably contain errors.

== Dialects and Standard Irish ==
Irish is only a weakly standardised language. In particular, there is only a written standard (called ''An Caighdeán Oifigiúl''), but no standard pronunciation. So you'll always use the pronunciation of a particular dialect, even if you're keeping to the written standard otherwise.

Dialects are often discussed with Irish (especially on the Celtic Languages Discord server), and picking one will make sure that you learn a consistent form of the language. However, if you don't know yet which one to pick, don't worry. It's still one language and the dialects are close enough to each other so that people understand each other. So in this case, it's best to start with the standard and use any pronunciation (as long as it is valid in at least one dialect) - you can always switch to a specific dialect later.

Irish/Dialects

2021-08-16T19:34:36Z

Caoimhín:

== Munster Irish ==

Irish exists in Munster in the counties of Cork, Kerry and Waterford. Evidence and recordings of the Irish spoken in other counties, such as Clare and Tipperary, does exist, but the language is not spoken natively there any more.

=== Textbooks focussing on a Munster dialect ===
Teach Yourself Irish, 1961. Several versions exist of various qualities. PDFs are available with consent of publisher. Please make sure you have the 1961 edition, which focuses on the Irish of Muskerry, West Cork.

* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732765046152888321/TYI_MilesDillion_1961_Retypeset.pdf Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Retypeset] (dialectal Munster Irish)
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732764925994336406/TYI_MilesDillon_1961_Scanned.pdf Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Scanned] (dialectal Munster Irish)
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732765118319820840/TYI_mp3.zip Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Audio] (dialectal Munster Irish)
The retypeset version of Teach Yourself Irish has the audio built in and more reliable search, but it also has typos.

== Connacht Irish ==

Connacht Irish is spoken in Counties Galway, Mayo and Meath. The dialect of Rath Cháirn, in Meath, is from Connemara when farmers were transplanted early in the 20th century. Various areas in each county, apart from Meath, still have Irish with their own subdialects. Recordings of other counties still can be found on various websites, and some scholarly works have been written about them.

=== Textbooks focussing on Connacht dialects ===
* [https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/natashasumner/files/buntus-1connacht_2018-19.pdf Buntús na Gaeilge]: An updated version of Hillers's course for Ulster Irish. This was updated after Hillers left Harvard to focus on Connacht Irish as opposed to Ulster Irish.
* '''Learning Irish, O'Siadhail.''' Hands down the best instruction book for Connacht Irish, focusing on the dialect of Cois Fharraige, in Connemara.
* '''Colloquial Irish 1 & 2.''' A popular coursebook designed around Connemara Irish containing audio done by actors from Ros na Rún. Less intense than Learning Irish.

Sadly, there are not many learning materials for Mayo Irish, though several books of stories in the dialect do exist as do several more linguistic oriented works.

=== Sounds of Connacht Irish ===
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gDfFn1UMXB8 42 Príomhfhuaim Chonamara]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fMOOU0I8IYA&pp=sAQA Consain Leathana v. Consain Chaola]

== Ulster Irish ==

The only extant dialects of Ulster Irish are those found in Donegal, though a fair number of dialects from across the province have documentation and recordings. The last speaker of Irish in Leinster actually spoke a dialect of East Ulster, following the more accurate north-south divide of the dialects as opposed to a per-province type view.

=== Textbooks ===
* [https://eolas38.wixsite.com/ultach/copy-of-aonad-1 Now You're Talking]: The best way to start with Ulster Irish isn't actually only a book, but also a TV series produced in the 1990s. The videos for Now You're Talking can be found on Youtube and on the website Ultach.com. It's an audio-visual course that lets you hear some of the best Donegal Irish there is, and focuses on learning communicative phrases. The link given here includes an audio version and PDFs of the accompanying textbook.
* [https://bhillers.pages.iu.edu/buntus.html Buntús na Gaeilge]: A course designed by Baraba Hillers while she was at Harvard, a great text-based way to get into the Irish of Donegal. This is the one contained on Hillers's webpage at IU. The one at Harvard is a redesign of the course focusing on Connacht.

=== Sounds of Ulster Irish ===
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0FmOP2myxd0&pp=sAQA 41 Príomhfuaim na Gaeilge -- Canúint Uladh]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1gknNV197_c&pp=sAQA Consain Leathana v. Consain Chaola -- Canúint Uladh]

[[Category:Irish]]

Irish/Dialects

2021-08-15T16:45:38Z

Caoimhín: Created page with "== Munster Irish == Irish exists in Munster in the counties of Cork, Kerry and Waterford. Evidence and recordings of the Irish spoken in other counties, such as Clare and Tip..."

Main Page

2021-08-15T16:29:40Z

Caoimhín:

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<div style="padding: 4px; text-align: center; font-size:130%; border-bottom: solid 2px #8B4500;">[[:Category:Irish | 🇮🇪 Irish / Gaeilge]]</div>

* [[Irish/Getting started | Getting started]]
* [[Irish/Resources | Resources]]
* [[Irish/Dialects | Dialects of Irish]]

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<div style="padding: 4px; text-align: center; font-size:130%; border-bottom: solid 2px #8B4500;">[[:Category:Gaelic | 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁳󠁣󠁴󠁿 Scottish Gaelic / Gàidhlig]]</div>

* [[Gaelic/Getting started | Getting started]]
* [[Gaelic/Resources | Resources]]

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<div style="padding: 4px; text-align: center; font-size:130%; border-bottom: solid 2px #8B4500;">[[:Category:Manx | 🇮🇲 Manx / Gaelg]]</div>

* [[Manx/Getting started | Getting started]]
* [[Manx/Resources | Resources]]

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<div style="padding: 4px; text-align: center; font-size:130%; border-bottom: solid 2px #8B4500;">[[:Category:Welsh | 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿 Welsh / Cymraeg]]</div>

* [[Welsh/Getting started | Getting started]]
* [[Welsh/Resources | Resources]]

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<div style="padding: 4px; text-align: center; font-size:130%; border-bottom: solid 2px #8B4500;">[[:Category:Cornish | Cornish / Kernowek]]</div>

* [[Cornish/Getting started | Getting started]]
* [[Cornish/Resources | Resources]]

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<div style="padding: 4px; text-align: center; font-size:130%; border-bottom: solid 2px #8B4500;">[[:Category:Breton | Breton / Brezhoneg]]</div>

* [[Breton/Getting started | Getting started]]
* [[Breton/Resources | Resources]]

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<div style="padding: 4px; text-align: center; font-size:130%; border-bottom: solid 2px #8B4500;">[[:Category:Old Irish | Old Irish]]</div>

* [[Old Irish/Resources | Resources]]

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<div style="padding: 4px; text-align: center; font-size:130%; border-bottom: solid 2px #8B4500;">Community</div>

* [https://discord.gg/Z4z7AmW Discord server]

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Irish/Resources

2021-08-15T15:25:49Z

Caoimhín: Added more resources from the "Start Here" thread on the Discord server with permission

=Free resources on the internet=

==Textbooks==
* [http://pages.iu.edu/~bhillers/buntus.html Buntús na Gaeilge] (mostly Standard Irish with a preference for Ulster options, dialect differences are noted)
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732765046152888321/TYI_MilesDillion_1961_Retypeset.pdf Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Retypeset] (dialectal Munster Irish)
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732764925994336406/TYI_MilesDillon_1961_Scanned.pdf Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Scanned] (dialectal Munster Irish)
* [https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/262771796984463360/732765118319820840/TYI_mp3.zip Teach Yourself Irish 1961 - Audio] (dialectal Munster Irish)
The retypeset version of Teach Yourself Irish has the audio built in and more reliable search, but it also has typos.

==Video series==
* Now You're Talking (Ulster Irish)
** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7nz--LpYC30 Video series on Youtube]
** [https://eolas38.wixsite.com/ultach/copy-of-aonad-1 Textbook + Audio + Video]
* [http://www.ceimaraghaidh.ie/don-fhoghlaimeoir/ Céim Ar Aghaidh] (Ulster Irish, for advanced learners)

==Podcasts==
* [http://culturlann.org/beginner%20podcast Beginner Podcast series from Cultúrlann Uí Chanáin] (Ulster Irish)

==Spelling and Pronunciation==
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oIokUII7LX0 Introduction to the Irish spelling] (Video)
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120321160459/http://www.ultach.dsl.pipex.com/ForLearners/UIPron.doc Ulster Irish, A Pronunciation Guide]
* [http://www.fuaimeanna.ie/en/ Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge] (Sounds of Irish with sample recordings in three dialects)
** A site to go along with the book ''Fuaimeanna na Gaeilge''. Contains recordings from native speakers of each main dialect area (specifically, Gaoth Dobhair in Donegal, An Ceathrú Rua in Connemara and Corca Dhuibhne in Kerry) pronouncing each phoneme in the language. The book contains lists of minimal pairs as well.

==Dictionaries (with pronunciation)==
* [https://www.teanglann.ie/en Teanglann]
** An online version of de Bhaldraithe's English-Irish Dictionary (EID) and Ó Dónall's Foclór Gaeilge-Béarla (FGB), as well as An Foclóir Beag and a grammar tab and pronunciation tab. Very handy to look up words.
* [https://www.focloir.ie/ New English-Irish Dictionary (NEID)]

==Grammar==
* Gramadach na Gaeilge (GnaG): An online grammar covering just about anything you can think of for Irish. Does contain some mistakes, but the most comprehensive free grammar you can find. (Sometimes a bit technical, but if you can deal with grammar terminology, very useful)
** [http://nualeargais.ie/gnag/gramadac.htm English translation of an older version]
** [http://braesicke.de/gramadac.htm German original version]
* [https://data.oireachtas.ie/ie/oireachtas/caighdeanOifigiul/2017/2017-08-03_an-caighdean-oifigiuil-2017_en.pdf An Caighdeán Oifigiúil] (the official standard; written in Irish)
* [http://www.reimnigh.com/ Réimnigh]: Conjugation tables for common verbs (standard and all three major dialects)

==Media==
=== Raidió na Gaeltachta (RnaG) ===
[https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/ Raidió na Gaeltachta] is an Irish-language radio station. They broadcast a wide variety of programmes, including:

* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/adhmhaidin/ Adhmhaidin]: A(n) (inter)national current affairs show, with speakers from '''all over Ireland'''
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/an-saol-o-dheas/ An Saol Ó Dheas]: Current affairs from '''Munster''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/barrscealta/ Barrscéalta]: Current affairs in '''Donegal''', usually with presenters from Gaoth Dobhair
* [https://www.rte.ie/radio/rnag/iris-aniar/ Iris Aniar]: Current affairs in '''Connacht''' and '''Meath''', with speakers from the dialectal areas included

=== TG4 ===
[https://www.tg4.ie TG4] is the Irish-language television station. Plays a variety of programmes from a variety of different topics. Most programmes only contain burnt-in English subs, but this is changing recently. Various recommended programmes include:

* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/lifestyle-tv-shows/?series=Comhr%C3%A1&genre=Saolchlar Comhrá]: A regular conversation show between iconic host Máirtín Tom Sheáinín and a different guest where he talks with them about their life experiences
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/childrens-tv-shows/ Cúla4]: Kids programming on TG4. Good for children or those who want to practice with vocabulary/structures aimed at a child's ability. Might be boring for adults.
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=Nuacht%20TG4&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Nuacht TG4]: The daily news show. High quality presenters. Contains no subtitles.
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/drama-tv-shows/?series=Ros%20na%20R%C3%BAn%20(S25)&genre=Drama Ros na Rún]: An Irish-language soap opera, running since 1996 with over 1500 episodes. Later seasons have options for English subs or Irish subs. Earlier seasons and episodes can be found on YouTube.
* [https://www.tg4.ie/en/player/categories/news-stories/?series=7%20L%C3%A1&genre=Cursai%20Reatha Seacht Lá]: Politics and the economy, regional, national and international affairs. Live debate on the major issues of the day with a panel of analysts, experts and political pundits. No subtitles.

=== Vifax ===
[https://vifax.maynoothuniversity.ie/ Vifax] is a website created and updated by Maynooth University, which takes clips from Nuacht TG4 and transcribes them. They also include questions at various levels (beginner, intermediate, advanced) to help guide listening and focus on listening ability. Very useful resource to practice listening ability.

There is also a helpful blog post about [http://gaeilgechonamara.com/how-to-best-use-vifax-at-any-level/ how to use Vifax at varying levels].

==Apps==
As for Duolingo, it's alright when you have the right expectations. I found it useful for vocabulary and just practice in general, but I wouldn't recommend it as the only thing to use.

[[Category:Irish]]

Irish/Resources

2021-08-06T22:50:14Z

Caoimhín: Category Irish

Irish/Resources

2021-08-06T22:49:43Z

Caoimhín: Copied and wikified my link list from Discord

Main Page

2021-08-06T22:35:14Z

Caoimhín: First attempt at a main page

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<div style="padding: 4px; text-align: center; font-size:130%; border-bottom: solid 2px #8B4500;">[[:Category:Irish | 🇮🇪 Irish / Gaeilge]]</div>

* [[Irish/Getting started | Getting started]]
* [[Irish/Resources | Resources]]
* [[Irish/Dialectal | Advanced dialectal resources]]

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<div style="padding: 4px; text-align: center; font-size:130%; border-bottom: solid 2px #8B4500;">[[:Category:Gaelic | 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁳󠁣󠁴󠁿 Scottish Gaelic / Gàidhlig]]</div>

* [[Gaelic/Getting started | Getting started]]
* [[Gaelic/Resources | Resources]]

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<div style="padding: 4px; text-align: center; font-size:130%; border-bottom: solid 2px #8B4500;">[[:Category:Manx | 🇮🇲 Manx / Gaelg]]</div>

* [[Manx/Getting started | Getting started]]
* [[Manx/Resources | Resources]]

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<div style="padding: 4px; text-align: center; font-size:130%; border-bottom: solid 2px #8B4500;">[[:Category:Welsh | 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿 Welsh / Cymraeg]]</div>

* [[Welsh/Getting started | Getting started]]
* [[Welsh/Resources | Resources]]

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<div style="padding: 4px; text-align: center; font-size:130%; border-bottom: solid 2px #8B4500;">[[:Category:Cornish | Cornish / Kernowek]]</div>

* [[Cornish/Getting started | Getting started]]
* [[Cornish/Resources | Resources]]

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<div style="padding: 4px; text-align: center; font-size:130%; border-bottom: solid 2px #8B4500;">[[:Category:Breton | Breton / Brezhoneg]]</div>

* [[Breton/Getting started | Getting started]]
* [[Breton/Resources | Resources]]

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<div style="padding: 4px; text-align: center; font-size:130%; border-bottom: solid 2px #8B4500;">[[:Category:Old Irish | Old Irish]]</div>

* [[Old Irish/Resources | Resources]]

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<div style="padding: 4px; text-align: center; font-size:130%; border-bottom: solid 2px #8B4500;">Community</div>

* [https://discord.gg/Z4z7AmW Discord server]

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|}
</div>