Difference between revisions of "Ulster Irish/Dúlra"
m |
|||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
I (Jake Dalzell) spent two weeks in the Donegal Gaeltacht in June 2025. Here are some words I heard that refer to the natural world, animals, etc. Note here [è] is a vowel between [ɛ] and [e]. | I (Jake Dalzell) spent two weeks in the Donegal Gaeltacht in June 2025. Here are some words I heard that refer to the natural world, animals, etc. Note here [è] is a vowel between [ɛ] and [e]. | ||
==== Aice ==== | |||
Poll/eag i gcarraig is maith le gliomaigh agus crúbógaí. | |||
Rann na Feirste [ak´ə], pl. [nə ˈhak´iə̆hə] | |||
==== Ain-bheathaigh ==== | |||
Ainmhithe contúirteacha na farraige (searcannaí srl) | |||
Rann na Feirste [ˈan´ˌv´ɛhi] | |||
==== Beathach ==== | ==== Beathach ==== | ||
''horse'' | Béarla ''horse'' | ||
Árainn Mhór [b´èəx], ''ar a bheathach'' [ɛr ə ˈv´èəx] | |||
Rann na Feirste [b´ɛəh] | |||
Compare Toraigh [b´aː]<ref name="Hamilton"></ref>. | Compare Toraigh [b´aː]<ref name="Hamilton"></ref>. | ||
==== Cailleach ==== | |||
1. Préataí beaga fágtha i ndiaidh an fhómhair | |||
Rann na Feirste pl. [kaʟ´ahai] | |||
2. (Cailleach dhubh) ''Phalacrocorax carbo'' (Béarla ''Cormorant'') | |||
==== Cáitheadh na dtonn ==== | ==== Cáitheadh na dtonn ==== | ||
''sea spray'' | Béarla ''sea spray'' | ||
Rann na Feirste [kæhu] | Rann na Feirste [kæhu] | ||
| Line 25: | Line 47: | ||
==== Clár ==== | ==== Clár ==== | ||
''flat plain (of the sea)'' | Béarla ''flat plain (of the sea)'' | ||
Toraigh “Tá an fharraige 'na chlár.” | Toraigh “Tá an fharraige 'na chlár.” | ||
==== Cloch bheag doirnín ==== | |||
Rann na Feirste [klɔʰ v´ɘg dɔrɴ´in´] | |||
==== Cnuasach ==== | |||
Béarla ''foraging (on the shore)'' | |||
Rann na Feirste gen. [d´ænu cruːsi] Bheadh na mná ag déanamh cnuasaigh. | |||
==== Creabhar ==== | ==== Creabhar ==== | ||
''cleg, horsefly'' | Tabanidae (Béarla ''cleg, horsefly'') | ||
Árainn Mhór [k´r´awer], pl. [nə ˈk´r´awer´] | Árainn Mhór [k´r´awer], pl. [nə ˈk´r´awer´] | ||
| Line 37: | Line 69: | ||
==== Creimeadh isteach ==== | ==== Creimeadh isteach ==== | ||
''Erosion, undercutting (of a cliff)'' | Béarla ''Erosion, undercutting (of a cliff)'' | ||
Rann na Feirste [k´r´ɛm´u] | Rann na Feirste [k´r´ɛm´u] | ||
| Line 43: | Line 75: | ||
==== Crúbóg ==== | ==== Crúbóg ==== | ||
''Cancer pagurus'' (Béarla ''Edible Crab) | |||
Compare ''portán''. This distinction was known to speakers from Árainn Mhór and Rann na Feirste. | Compare ''portán''. This distinction was known to speakers from Árainn Mhór and Rann na Feirste. | ||
==== Dorg ==== | |||
Líne iascaireachta. | |||
Rann na Feirste [darəg] | |||
==== Dos ==== | ==== Dos ==== | ||
'' | Béarla ''small tuft of grass'' | ||
Toraigh [dʌs] “Ní fhásfadh dos ar bith ansin” (of a barren place) | Toraigh [dʌs] “Ní fhásfadh dos ar bith ansin” (of a barren place) | ||
| Line 55: | Line 93: | ||
==== Gaoth chothrom ==== | ==== Gaoth chothrom ==== | ||
'' | Béarla ''even wind'' | ||
Toraigh [gɯː ˈxɔr̥əm] | Toraigh [gɯː ˈxɔr̥əm] | ||
| Line 61: | Line 99: | ||
==== Giobach ==== | ==== Giobach ==== | ||
''choppy, rough (of the sea)'' | Béarla ''choppy, rough (of the sea)'' | ||
Toraigh [g´ʌbɑ] | Toraigh [g´ʌbɑ] | ||
| Line 67: | Line 105: | ||
==== Glas binne ==== | ==== Glas binne ==== | ||
''trapped below a cliff'' | Béarla ''trapped below a cliff'' | ||
Rann na Feirste: Tá caora faoi ghlas binne [fiː ɰʟɑs b´ɪ̈ɴ´ə] ''A sheep has gone down a cliff and is now trapped below it.'' | Rann na Feirste: Tá caora faoi ghlas binne [fiː ɰʟɑs b´ɪ̈ɴ´ə] ''A sheep has gone down a cliff and is now trapped below it.'' | ||
| Line 73: | Line 111: | ||
==== Iomghaoth ==== | ==== Iomghaoth ==== | ||
''Sudden strong gust of wind'' | Béarla ''Sudden strong gust of wind'' | ||
Toraigh pl. [ʌˈmiaha] | Toraigh pl. [ʌˈmiaha] | ||
| Line 81: | Line 119: | ||
==== Leathach ==== | ==== Leathach ==== | ||
''wrack (seaweed)'' | Béarla ''wrack (seaweed)'' | ||
Árainn Mhór [L´èəx] | Árainn Mhór [L´èəx] | ||
| Line 94: | Line 132: | ||
==== Mea Ghabhair? ==== | ==== Mea Ghabhair? ==== | ||
''Snipe'' | ''Gallinago gallinago'' (Béarla ''Snipe'') | ||
an Spidéal [ˌm´æː ˈɣawer´] | an Spidéal [ˌm´æː ˈɣawer´] | ||
I know this isn't an Ulster dialect but I heard it when I was in Donegal so I'm putting it here... | I know this isn't an Ulster dialect but I heard it when I was in Donegal so I'm putting it here... | ||
==== Mórtas farraige ==== | |||
Farraige gharbh | |||
==== Mushroom ==== | |||
Toraigh [ˈmʌɕrumi ˈgɑːrl´ɔg´] mushroomaí gáirleoige | |||
==== Portán ==== | ==== Portán ==== | ||
''Shore Crab'' | Béarla ''Shore Crab'' | ||
Árainn Mhór [partan] | Árainn Mhór [partan] | ||
Compare ''crúbóg''. This distinction was known to speakers from Árainn Mhór and Rann na Feirste. | Compare ''crúbóg''. This distinction was known to speakers from Árainn Mhór and Rann na Feirste. | ||
==== Reithe ==== | |||
Rann na Feirste [raiçə] | |||
==== Ruball ==== | ==== Ruball ==== | ||
| Line 114: | Line 164: | ||
==== Saotharcán ==== | ==== Saotharcán ==== | ||
''Lapwing'' | ''Vanellus vanellus'' (Béarla ''Lapwing'') | ||
Rann na Feirste [sᴇːrkan] | Rann na Feirste [sᴇːrkan] | ||
Compare Toraigh ''saotharcóg'' [sᴇːrkɔg].<ref name="Hamilton"></ref> | Compare Toraigh ''saotharcóg'' [sᴇːrkɔg].<ref name="Hamilton"></ref> | ||
==== Scaineagán ==== | |||
Clocha beaga thart fá 1.5cm – bíonn an t-iolra ann. | |||
Rann na Feirste [skanagan´] | |||
==== Sceartán ==== | ==== Sceartán ==== | ||
''tick'' | Béarla ''tick'' | ||
Árainn Mhór [ɕk´artan] | Árainn Mhór [ɕk´artan] | ||
| Line 128: | Line 184: | ||
==== Sceith ==== | ==== Sceith ==== | ||
''spawning (of herring)'' | Béarla ''spawning (of herring)'' | ||
Rann na Feirste [ɕk´e] | Rann na Feirste [ɕk´e] | ||
| Line 136: | Line 192: | ||
==== Stacán ==== | ==== Stacán ==== | ||
''sea stack'' | Béarla ''sea stack'' | ||
Rann na Feirste [stakan] | Rann na Feirste [stakan] | ||
==== Tréataí ==== | |||
Línte in áit a mbeadh uisce ina rith ar chloich, ar éadaigh ⁊rl. Dá mbeadh sé ag cur fearthanna bheadh tréataí ar do chuid éadaigh. | |||
Rann na Feirste [t´r´eːti] | |||
= References = | = References = | ||
<ref name="Hamilton">Hamilton, J. N. (1974). ''A phonetic study of the Irish of Tory Island, Co. Donegal.'' Institute of Irish Studies, The Queen’s University of Belfast. | <ref name="Hamilton">Hamilton, J. N. (1974). ''A phonetic study of the Irish of Tory Island, Co. Donegal.'' Institute of Irish Studies, The Queen’s University of Belfast. | ||
</ref> | </ref> | ||
Revision as of 14:19, 27 June 2025
I (Jake Dalzell) spent two weeks in the Donegal Gaeltacht in June 2025. Here are some words I heard that refer to the natural world, animals, etc. Note here [è] is a vowel between [ɛ] and [e].
Aice
Poll/eag i gcarraig is maith le gliomaigh agus crúbógaí.
Rann na Feirste [ak´ə], pl. [nə ˈhak´iə̆hə]
Ain-bheathaigh
Ainmhithe contúirteacha na farraige (searcannaí srl)
Rann na Feirste [ˈan´ˌv´ɛhi]
Beathach
Béarla horse
Árainn Mhór [b´èəx], ar a bheathach [ɛr ə ˈv´èəx]
Rann na Feirste [b´ɛəh]
Compare Toraigh [b´aː][1].
Cailleach
1. Préataí beaga fágtha i ndiaidh an fhómhair
Rann na Feirste pl. [kaʟ´ahai]
2. (Cailleach dhubh) Phalacrocorax carbo (Béarla Cormorant)
Cáitheadh na dtonn
Béarla sea spray
Rann na Feirste [kæhu]
This has been merged with caitheadh which is pronounced the same way.
Caora
Rann na Feirste gen. pl. [ɴə gᴇːrəx]
This is the traditional genitive plural, with a different vowel [ᴇː] to the nominative [ɯː].
Clár
Béarla flat plain (of the sea)
Toraigh “Tá an fharraige 'na chlár.”
Cloch bheag doirnín
Rann na Feirste [klɔʰ v´ɘg dɔrɴ´in´]
Cnuasach
Béarla foraging (on the shore)
Rann na Feirste gen. [d´ænu cruːsi] Bheadh na mná ag déanamh cnuasaigh.
Creabhar
Tabanidae (Béarla cleg, horsefly)
Árainn Mhór [k´r´awer], pl. [nə ˈk´r´awer´]
Creimeadh isteach
Béarla Erosion, undercutting (of a cliff)
Rann na Feirste [k´r´ɛm´u]
Crúbóg
Cancer pagurus (Béarla Edible Crab)
Compare portán. This distinction was known to speakers from Árainn Mhór and Rann na Feirste.
Dorg
Líne iascaireachta.
Rann na Feirste [darəg]
Dos
Béarla small tuft of grass
Toraigh [dʌs] “Ní fhásfadh dos ar bith ansin” (of a barren place)
Gaoth chothrom
Béarla even wind
Toraigh [gɯː ˈxɔr̥əm]
Giobach
Béarla choppy, rough (of the sea)
Toraigh [g´ʌbɑ]
Glas binne
Béarla trapped below a cliff
Rann na Feirste: Tá caora faoi ghlas binne [fiː ɰʟɑs b´ɪ̈ɴ´ə] A sheep has gone down a cliff and is now trapped below it.
Iomghaoth
Béarla Sudden strong gust of wind
Toraigh pl. [ʌˈmiaha]
Interesting that the stress is on the second syllable – could be an idiosyncracy or perhaps due to the word having a compound origin (im- + gaoth). The speaker commented that this was a “focal a bhí ag na seandaoiní”.
Leathach
Béarla wrack (seaweed)
Árainn Mhór [L´èəx]
Compare Toraigh [ʟ´aː][1], which is rhymed with trágha [trɑː] in the song Beití Sailí Deain:
Nuair a théimse siar chun na trágha
A chur amach bodóg agus leathach
Mea Ghabhair?
Gallinago gallinago (Béarla Snipe)
an Spidéal [ˌm´æː ˈɣawer´]
I know this isn't an Ulster dialect but I heard it when I was in Donegal so I'm putting it here...
Mórtas farraige
Farraige gharbh
Mushroom
Toraigh [ˈmʌɕrumi ˈgɑːrl´ɔg´] mushroomaí gáirleoige
Portán
Béarla Shore Crab
Árainn Mhór [partan]
Compare crúbóg. This distinction was known to speakers from Árainn Mhór and Rann na Feirste.
Reithe
Rann na Feirste [raiçə]
Ruball
Rann na Feirste gen. [rʌb´l´ə ~ rʌbl´ə]
Saotharcán
Vanellus vanellus (Béarla Lapwing)
Rann na Feirste [sᴇːrkan]
Compare Toraigh saotharcóg [sᴇːrkɔg].[1]
Scaineagán
Clocha beaga thart fá 1.5cm – bíonn an t-iolra ann.
Rann na Feirste [skanagan´]
Sceartán
Béarla tick
Árainn Mhór [ɕk´artan]
Sceith
Béarla spawning (of herring)
Rann na Feirste [ɕk´e]
The vowel here was almost approaching [ɪ].
Stacán
Béarla sea stack
Rann na Feirste [stakan]
Tréataí
Línte in áit a mbeadh uisce ina rith ar chloich, ar éadaigh ⁊rl. Dá mbeadh sé ag cur fearthanna bheadh tréataí ar do chuid éadaigh.
Rann na Feirste [t´r´eːti]
