Diforc'hioù etre adstummoù "User:Erisceres/Chronological Developments in the Celtic Languages"
Eus Celtic Languages
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== Vowels and Syllabic Consonants == | == Vowels and Syllabic Consonants == | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" | ||
|+ PIE Syllabic Laryngeals <ref>Fortson 2009, p. 62</ref> | |+ PIE Syllabic Laryngeals <ref>Fortson 2009, p. 62</ref> <ref group="note">The syllabic laryngeals are allophonic to their non-syllabic consonantal counterparts.</ref> | ||
! rowspan="1" | | ! rowspan="1" | | ||
! Laryngeal | ! Laryngeal | ||
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{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" | ||
|+ PIE Syllabic Liquids and Nasals <ref>Fortson 2009, pp. 61-2</ref> | |+ PIE Syllabic Liquids and Nasals <ref>Fortson 2009, pp. 61-2</ref> <ref group="note">The syllabic liquids and nasals are allophonic to their non-syllabic consonantal counterparts.</ref> | ||
! rowspan="1" | | ! rowspan="1" | | ||
! Labial | ! Labial | ||
Stumm eus an 13 C'hwe 2022 da 04:18
This page will detail the chronological developments of the Celtic languages, with a focus on Goidelic (for now).
From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Celtic
Consonants
| Labial | Coronal | Dorsal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Palatal | Velar | Labiovelar | |||
| Tenuis | *p | *t | *kʲ | *k | *kʷ |
| Voiced | *b | *d | *ɡʲ | *ɡ | *ɡʷ |
| Murmured | *bʱ | *dʱ | *ɡʲʱ | *ɡʱ | *ɡʷʱ |
| Coronal | Laryngeal [2] | |
|---|---|---|
| Sibilant [3] | *s | |
| Non-Sibilant | *h₁, *h₂, *h₃ |
| Labial | Coronal | Dorsal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Palatal | Labiovelar | |||
| Lateral | *l | |||
| Rhotic | *r | |||
| Nasal | *m | *n | ||
| Semivowel | *y | *w | ||
Vowels and Syllabic Consonants
| Laryngeal | |
|---|---|
| Fricative | *ə₁, *ə₂, *ə₃ |
| Labial | Coronal | |
|---|---|---|
| Lateral | *l̥ | |
| Rhotic | *r̥ | |
| Nasal | *m̥ | *n̥ |
Developments from Proto-Celtic
To do
From Proto-Celtic to Gaulish
To do
From Proto-Celtic to Celtiberian
To do
From Proto-Celtic to Insular Celtic
To do
Developments from Insular Celtic
To do
From Insular Celtic to Common Brittonic
To do
From Insular Celtic to Primitive Irish
To do
Developments in Goidelic
To do
From Primitive Irish to Early Old Irish
To do
Notes
Bibliography
- Fortson IV, B. W. (2009). Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction, 2nd Edition. Wiley-Blackwell.
- McCone, K. (1996). "Towards a relative chronology of ancient and medieval Celtic sound change". Maynooth studies in Celtic linguistics. Maynooth: Department of Old Irish, Saint Patrick’s College.
- Stifter, David (2006). Sengoídelc: Old Irish for Beginners. Syracuse University Press.
- Thurneysen, R. (1946; 2003 reprint). A Grammar of Old Irish: Translated from the German by D.A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, with supplement. School of Celtic Studies, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies.
