Gweles an bennfenten rag Irish/Déise Irish/Déise Function Words

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= Pronouns and Possessive Adjectives =

The pronouns are:

* 1sg. ''me'' (standard ''mé'')
* 2sg. ''tu'' (standard ''tú'')
* 3sg. masc. ''sé'' (conjunctive; often pronounced ''se''), ''é'' (disjunctive)
* 3sg. fem. ''sí'' (conjunctive), ''í'' (disjunctive)
* 1pl. ''sinn''
* 2pl. ''sibh''
* 3pl. ''siad'' (conjunctive), ''iad'' (disjunctive)

The possessive adjectives are:

* 1sg. ''mo'' (causes lenition), or ''m'<nowiki />'' before vowels
* 2sg. ''do'' (causes lenition), or ''t'<nowiki />'' before vowels
* 3sg. masc. ''a'' (causes lenition)
* 3sg. fem. ''a'' (causes ''h''-prothesis)
* 1pl. ''ár'' (causes eclipsis)
* 2pl. ''úr'' (causes eclipsis)
* 3pl. ''a'' (causes eclipsis)

= Prepositions =

== Ag ==

''Ag'' has two forms:

# The form it takes in general, where it has been replaced by its conjugated form in the masculine 3rd person singular, ''aige''. <ref group="note" name="aige">Many works may standardise this to ''ag'' while a few prefer the written form ''age'' (see ''LMD'' and ''SCD2'') to distinguish it from the conjugated form ''aige''.</ref>
# The form it takes when preceding verbal nouns where it remains as ''ag''.

Clitic combinations with ''aige'':

* ''aige'' + ''an'' = ''aige 'n''
* ''aige'' + ''na'' = ''aige sna''
* ''aige'' + ''mo'' = ''aige m'<nowiki />''
* ''aige'' + ''do'' + vowel = ''aige t'<nowiki />'' <sup>(''SCD1'' p. 8)</sup>
* ''aige'' + ''do'' + consonant = ''aige d'<nowiki />'' <sup>(''SCD1'' p. 8)</sup>
* ''aige'' + ''a'' = ''aige n-a''
* ''aige'' + ''ár'' = ''aige n-ár''
* ''aige'' + ''úr'' = ''aige n-úr''

= Notes =

<references group="note"/>

= Bibliography =

* ''CSS1'' = Ussher, A. (1945). ''Cainnt an tSean-Shaoghail'' (second edition). Oifig an tSoláthair, Baile Átha Cliath.
* ''DD'' = Ó hAirt, D. (1988). ''Díolaim Dhéiseach''. Acadamh Ríoga na hÉireann, Baile Athá Cliath.
* ''GRA'' = Ó Maolchathaigh, S. (1974). ''An Gleann agus a Raibh Ann'' (1974 edition). An Clóchomhar Tta. Dundalgen Press.
* ''GSMI'' = Ward, A. (1974). ''The Grammatical Structure of Munster Irish''. University of Dublin.
* ''IDPP'' = O'Rahilly, T. F. (1988). ''Irish Dialects Past and Present: with Chapters on Scottish and Manx'' (1988 edition). Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies.
* ''IMS'' = Breatnach, R. B. (1961). "Initial Mutation of Substantives after Preposition + Singular Article in Déise Irish". ''Éigse: A Journal of Irish Studies''. '''IX''' (IV). The National University of Ireland.
* ''LASID1'' = Wagner, H. (1981). ''Linguistic Atlas and Survey of Irish Dialects: Vol. I. Introduction, 300 maps'' (1981 edition). Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies.
* ''LASID2'' = Wagner, H. (1982). ''Linguistic Atlas and Survey of Irish Dialects: Vol. II. The Dialects of Munster'' (1982 edition). Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies.
* ''LMD'' = Verling, M. (2012). ''Leabhar Mhaidhc Dháith: Scéalta agus Seanchas ón Rinn'' (second edition). An Sagart, An Díseart, An Daingean.
* ''SCD1'' = Sheehan, Most Rev. M. (1944). ''Sean-Chaint na nDéise: the Idiom of Living Language'' (second edition). The Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies.
* ''SCD2'' = Breatnach, R. B. (1984). ''Seana-Chaint na nDéise II: Studies in the Vocabulary and Idiom of Déise Irish based mainly on material collected by Archbishop Michael Sheehan (1870-1945)''. Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies.

[[Category:Irish]]
[[Category:Déise Irish]]