Difference between revisions of "Irish/Irish Phonology"

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Line 138: Line 138:
! colspan="2" |
! colspan="2" |
! {{IPA|//Ə//}}
! {{IPA|//Ə//}}
! {{IPA|//I//}}
! {{IPA|//A//}}
! {{IPA|//A//}}
! {{IPA|//O//}}
! {{IPA|//O//}}
! {{IPA|//U//}}
! {{IPA|//U//}}
! {{IPA|//E//}}
! {{IPA|//E//}}
! {{IPA|//İ//}}
! {{IPA|//I//}}
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" | Dialect A
! rowspan="2" | Dialect A
! short
! short
| {{IPA|/ə/}}<ref name="central vowel">Distinction is made between a central vowel in a broad environment, {{IPA|/ə/}}, and a central vowel in a slender environment, {{IPA|/ɪ/}}. e.g. ''tuatha'' {{IPA|/tuə̯.hə/}} vs. ''tuaithe'' {{IPA|/tuə̯./}}.</ref>
| {{IPA|/ə/}}<ref name="central vowel">Distinction is made between a central vowel in a broad environment, {{IPA|/ə/}}, and a central vowel in a slender environment, {{IPA|/i/}}. e.g. ''tuatha'' {{IPA|/tuə̯.hə/}} vs. ''tuaithe'' {{IPA|/tuə̯.hi/}}.</ref>
| {{IPA|/ɪ/}}<ref name="central vowel"/>
| {{IPA|/a/}} || {{IPA|/o/}}
| {{IPA|/a/}} || {{IPA|/o/}}
| {{IPA|/u/}} || {{IPA|/e/}}
| {{IPA|/u/}} || {{IPA|/e/}}
| {{IPA|/i/}}
| {{IPA|/i/}}<ref name="central vowel"/>
|-
|-
! long
! long
|
|
|
| {{IPA|/aː/}} || {{IPA|/oː/}}
| {{IPA|/aː/}} || {{IPA|/oː/}}
Line 164: Line 161:


Talk about diphthongs here
Talk about diphthongs here
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+ Diphthong phonemes
!
! {{IPA|//Ə̯I//}}
! {{IPA|//Ə̯U//}}
! {{IPA|//IƏ̯//}}
! {{IPA|//UƏ̯//}}
|-
! Dialect A
| {{IPA|/ə̯i/}} || {{IPA|/ə̯u/}}
| {{IPA|/iə̯/}} || {{IPA|/uə̯/}}
|}


== Triphthongs ==
== Triphthongs ==


Talk about triphthongs here
Talk about triphthongs here
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+ Triphthong phonemes
!
! {{IPA|//UI̯Ə̯//}}
|-
! Dialect A
| {{IPA|/ui̯ə̯/}}
|}


== Nasalised Vowels ==
== Nasalised Vowels ==


Talk about nasalised vowels here
Talk about nasalised vowels here
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+ Nasalised monophthong phonemes
! colspan="2" |
! {{IPA|//Ə̃//}}
! {{IPA|//Ã//}}
! {{IPA|//Õ//}}
! {{IPA|//Ũ//}}
! {{IPA|//Ẽ//}}
! {{IPA|//Ĩ//}}
|-
! rowspan="2" | Dialect A
! short
| {{IPA|/ə̃/}}<ref name="central vowel"/>
| {{IPA|/ã/}} || {{IPA|/õ/}}
| {{IPA|/ũ/}} || {{IPA|/ẽ/}}
| {{IPA|/ĩ/}}<ref name="central vowel"/>
|-
! long
|
| {{IPA|/ãː/}} || {{IPA|/õː/}}
| {{IPA|/ũː/}} || {{IPA|/ẽː/}}
| {{IPA|/ĩː/}}
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+ Nasalised diphthong phonemes
!
! {{IPA|//Ə̯̃Ĩ//}}
! {{IPA|//Ə̯̃Ũ//}}
! {{IPA|//ĨƏ̯̃//}}
! {{IPA|//ŨƏ̯̃//}}
|-
! Dialect A
| {{IPA|/ə̯̃ĩ/}} || {{IPA|/ə̯̃ũ/}}
| {{IPA|/ĩə̯̃/}} || {{IPA|/ũə̯̃/}}
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+ Nasalised triphthong phonemes
!
! {{IPA|//ŨĨ̯Ə̯̃//}}
|-
! Dialect A
| {{IPA|/ũĩ̯ə̯̃/}}
|}


= Footnotes =
= Footnotes =

Revision as of 11:06, 13 October 2021

Introduction here

Consonants

Labials

Talk about labials here

Labial phonemes
//F// //P// //B// //M//
broad slender broad slender broad slender broad slender
Dialect A fortis /f/ /f′/ /p/ /p′/ /b/ /b′/ /m/ /m′/
lenis [1] /f/ /f′/ /v/ /v′/ /v/ /v′/

Coronal Obstruents

Talk about coronal obstruents here

Coronal obstruent phonemes
//S// //T// //D//
broad slender broad slender broad slender
Dialect A fortis /s/ /ʃ/ /t/ /t′/ /d/ /d′/
lenis /h/ /ɣ/ /j/

Coronal Sonorants

Talk about coronal sonorants here

Coronal sonorant phonemes
//R// //L// //N//
broad slender broad slender broad slender
Dialect A fortis /R/ /r/ /L/ /L′/ /N/ /N′/
lenis /r/ /r′/ /l/ /l′/ /n/ /n′/

Dorsals

Talk about dorsals here

Dorsal phonemes
//K// //G// //Ŋ//
broad slender broad slender broad slender
Dialect A fortis /k/ /k′/ /g/ /g′/ /ŋ/ /ŋ′/
lenis /x/ /ç/ /ɣ/ /j/ [2] [2]

Vowels

Monophthongs

Talk about monophthongs here

Monophthong phonemes
//Ə// //A// //O// //U// //E// //I//
Dialect A short /ə/[3] /a/ /o/ /u/ /e/ /i/[3]
long /aː/ /oː/ /uː/ /eː/ /iː/

Diphthongs

Talk about diphthongs here

Diphthong phonemes
//Ə̯I// //Ə̯U// //IƏ̯// //UƏ̯//
Dialect A /ə̯i/ /ə̯u/ /iə̯/ /uə̯/

Triphthongs

Talk about triphthongs here

Triphthong phonemes
//UI̯Ə̯//
Dialect A /ui̯ə̯/

Nasalised Vowels

Talk about nasalised vowels here

Nasalised monophthong phonemes
//Ə̃// //Ã// //Õ// //Ũ// //Ẽ// //Ĩ//
Dialect A short /ə̃/[3] /ã/ /õ/ /ũ/ /ẽ/ /ĩ/[3]
long /ãː/ /õː/ /ũː/ /ẽː/ /ĩː/
Nasalised diphthong phonemes
//Ə̯̃Ĩ// //Ə̯̃Ũ// //ĨƏ̯̃// //ŨƏ̯̃//
Dialect A /ə̯̃ĩ/ /ə̯̃ũ/ /ĩə̯̃/ /ũə̯̃/
Nasalised triphthong phonemes
//ŨĨ̯Ə̯̃//
Dialect A /ũĩ̯ə̯̃/

Footnotes

  1. Lenition of either /f/ or /f′/ equates to no sound being pronounced at all.
  2. 2.0 2.1 /ŋ/ and /ŋ′/ had never developed any lenis counterparts, neither in the modern nor historical forms of the language.
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Distinction is made between a central vowel in a broad environment, /ə/, and a central vowel in a slender environment, /i/. e.g. tuatha /tuə̯.hə/ vs. tuaithe /tuə̯.hi/.