User:Erisceres/Old Irish Morphology

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Masculine o-Stems

Masculine o-Stem Endings

o-m. Singular Dual Plural
Nominative C ‹ *-as CL ‹ *-a CjL ‹ *-ī
Accusative CN ‹ *-an CL ‹ *-a CuH ‹ *-ūs
Vocative CjL ‹ *-e CL ‹ *-a CuH « *-ī
Genitive CjL ‹ *-ī CL ‹ *-ō CN ‹ *-an
Dative CL ‹ *-ū Cəvj « *-abin Cəvj ‹ *-abis
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Sub-class 1: Monosyllabic Forms with Short Monophthongs

Sub-class 1 A: Static Forms

Sub-class 1 A i

o-m. 1 A i Singular Dual Plural
Nominative V V V
Accusative V V V
Vocative V V V
Genitive V V V
Dative V V V


*makʷkʷ- Singular Dual Plural
Nominative macc macc maicc
Accusative macc macc maccu
Vocative maicc macc maccu
Genitive maicc macc macc
Dative macc maccaib maccaib


Other masculine o-stems that belong to this sub-class
test1
test2
test3

Sub-class 1 A ii

o-m. 1 A ii Singular Dual Plural
Nominative V V V
Accusative V V V
Vocative V V V
Genitive V V V
Dative Vu̯ V V


*ekʷ- Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ech ech eich
Accusative ech ech echu
Vocative eich ech echu
Genitive eich ech ech
Dative euch echaib echaib


Sub-class 1 A iii

o-m. 1 A iii Singular Dual Plural
Nominative a a a
Accusative a a au̯
Vocative a a au̯
Genitive a a a
Dative au̯ a a


*ball- Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ball ball baill
Accusative ball ball baullu
Vocative baill ball baullu
Genitive baill ball ball
Dative baull ballaib ballaib


Sub-class 1 B: Forms with Lowering

Sub-class 1 B i

o-m. 1 B i Singular Dual Plural
Nominative V
Accusative V
Vocative V V
Genitive V
Dative V


*surn- Singular Dual Plural
Nominative sorn sorn suirn
Accusative sorn sorn surnu
Vocative suirn sorn surnu
Genitive suirn sorn sorn
Dative surn sornaib sornaib